Android 9 请求网络报异常：Cleartext HTTP traffic not permitted

因为从Android9.0（API 28）开始，NetworkSecurityPolicy.getInstance().isCleartextTrafficPermitted(), 将return false。这表示Android默认将禁止明文访问网络，只允许使用https url访问

 

可以有以下途径强制启用http连接

1. AndroidManifest文件的application节点添加android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <manifest ...>
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
     <application
         ...
         android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"
         ...>
         ...
     </application>
 </manifest>

2.AndroidManifest文件的application节点添加

android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <manifest ...>
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
     <application
         ...
         android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
         ...>
         ...
     </application>
 </manifest>

并新建res/xml/network_security_config.xml 文件
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <network-security-config>
     <domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
         <domain includeSubdomains="true">Your URL(ex: 127.0.0.1)</domain>
     </domain-config>
 </network-security-config>

3.在AndroidManifest文件的manifest节点添加android:targetSandboxVersion="1"

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <manifest android:targetSandboxVersion="1">
     <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
     ...
 </manifest>