springboot中ApplicationContextInitializer(系统初始化器)的三种加载方式

第一种：spring.factories中配置

Firstinitializer类

package com.example.demo.initializer;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.MapPropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Order(1)
public class Firstinitializer  implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
    
    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = applicationContext.getEnvironment();
        Map map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("key1","value1");
        PropertySource<?> propertySource = new MapPropertySource("firstinitializer",map);
        environment.getPropertySources().addLast(propertySource);
        System.out.println("run firstinitializer");
    }
}

resources目录下新建 ： META-INF/spring.factories

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=com.example.demo.initializer.Firstinitializer

第二种：启动类中配置

SecondInitializer类

package com.example.demo.initializer;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.MapPropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Order(2)
public class SecondInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {

    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = applicationContext.getEnvironment();
        Map map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("key2","value2");
        PropertySource<?> propertySource = new MapPropertySource("secondinitializer",map);
        environment.getPropertySources().addLast(propertySource);
        System.out.println("run secondinitializer");
    }
}

启动类

package com.example.demo;

import com.example.demo.initializer.SecondInitializer;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class DemoApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication springApplication = new SpringApplication(DemoApplication.class);
		springApplication.addInitializers(new SecondInitializer());
		springApplication.run(args);
	}

}

第三种：application.properties中配置

ThirdInitializer类

package com.example.demo.initializer;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer;
import org.springframework.context.ConfigurableApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.core.env.ConfigurableEnvironment;
import org.springframework.core.env.MapPropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.PropertySource;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Order(3)
public class ThirdInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {

    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
        ConfigurableEnvironment environment = applicationContext.getEnvironment();
        Map map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("key3","value3");
        PropertySource<?> propertySource = new MapPropertySource("thirdinitializer",map);
        environment.getPropertySources().addLast(propertySource);
        System.out.println("run thirdinitializer");
    }
}

application.properties

context.initializer.classes=com.example.demo.initializer.ThirdInitializer

测试类

TestService

package com.example.demo.service;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class TestService implements ApplicationContextAware {

    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    @Override
    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
    }

    public String test1(){
        return applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("key1");
    }

    public String test2(){
        return applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("key2");
    }

    public String test3(){
        return applicationContext.getEnvironment().getProperty("key3");
    }
}

tips

1. 都要实现ApplicationContextInitializer接口
2. Order值越小越先执行
3. application.properties中定义的优先于其他方式