Linux安装MySQL，开放远程访问权限

一、拿到MySQL链接

MySQL下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/.
选择相应的MySQL版本，点击download下载，跳转到相应界面之后，找到下方的No thanks, just start my download.，右键复制链接地址

二、检查mariadb是否存在，存在则删除

查看是否有该文件

rpm -qa | grep mariadb

查询结果：mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64
删除mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.64-1.el7.x86_64

三、下载源安装包

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

1. 安装yum源

	yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm

2. 检查是否安装成功

	yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

会显示三个结果

mysql-connectors-community/x86_64       MySQL Connectors Community           175
mysql-tools-community/x86_64            MySQL Tools Community                120
mysql80-community/x86_64                MySQL 8.0 Community Server           211

3. 安装

yum install mysql-community-server

四、启动MySQL

1. 启动MySQL

systemctl start mysqld

2. 查看MySQL状态

systemctl status mysqld

3. 开机启动MySQL

systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl daemon-reload

五、修改初始密码

1. 查看初始密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

2. 修改密码
   1. 通过初始密码登录MySQL

   mysql -uroot -p
   

   2. 修改密码（大写小写数字特殊符号）

   alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '(你设置的新密码)';
   

六、开放3306端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

重启防火墙

firewall-cmd --reload

查看开放端口

firewall-cmd --list-ports

七、开放MySQL远程连接权限

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '(你的密码)';
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'root'@'%'; 

刷新权限

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysql8以上，输入ALTER USER ‘root’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ‘密码’;

八、修改密码为简单密码

1. 先用**SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ‘validate_password%’;**查看密码策略信息

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| Variable_name                        | Value  |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON     |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |        |
| validate_password.length             | 8      |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1      |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1      |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1      |
+--------------------------------------+--------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2. 设置密码策略为低：set global validate_password_policy=LOW;
   再查看策略信息

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON    |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password.length             | 8     |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password.policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3. 最后，修改密码为简单密码