20、大话设计模式之责任链模式

作用：这个可以参考SpringSecurity安全框架里面的多个Filter，使多个对象都有机会处理请求，从而避免请求的发送者和接收者之间的耦合关系，将这个对象连成一条链，并沿着这条链传递该请求，知道有一个对象处理它为止。

1、责任链模式

1、Handler抽象类

abstract class Handler{
    protected Handler successor;

    //设置继任者
    public void setSuccessor(Handler successor){
        this.successor = successor;
    }

    public abstract void handleRequest(int request);
}

2、Handler实现类

class ConcreteHandler1 extends Handler{
    public void handleRequest(int request){
        if (request >=0 && request < 10){
            System.out.println(this.getClass().getSimpleName()+" 处理请求 "+request);
        }
        else if (successor != null){
            successor.handleRequest(request);
        }
    }
}

class ConcreteHandler2 extends Handler{
    public void handleRequest(int request){
        if (request >=10 && request < 20){
            System.out.println(this.getClass().getSimpleName()+" 处理请求 "+request);
        }
        else if (successor != null){
            successor.handleRequest(request);
        }
    }
}

class ConcreteHandler3 extends Handler{
    public void handleRequest(int request){
        if (request >=20 && request < 30){
            System.out.println(this.getClass().getSimpleName()+" 处理请求 "+request);
        }
        else if (successor != null){
            successor.handleRequest(request);
        }
    }
}

3、测试和结果

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println("**********************************************");       
        System.out.println("《大话设计模式》代码样例");
        System.out.println(); 

        Handler h1 = new ConcreteHandler1();
        Handler h2 = new ConcreteHandler2();
        Handler h3 = new ConcreteHandler3();
        h1.setSuccessor(h2);
        h2.setSuccessor(h3);

        int[] requests = { 2, 5, 14, 22, 18, 3, 27, 20 };

        for(int request : requests) {
            h1.handleRequest(request);
        }
 
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("**********************************************");
    }
}

结果

2、责任链模式使用

1、Handler抽象类

//管理者抽象类
abstract class Manager{
    protected String name;
    public Manager(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }

    //设置管理者上级
    protected Manager superior;
    public void setSuperior(Manager superior){
        this.superior = superior;
    }

    //请求申请
    public abstract void requestApplications(Request request);
}

2、Handler实现类

//普通经理
class CommonManager extends Manager{
    public CommonManager(String name){
        super(name);
    }

    public void requestApplications(Request request){
        if (request.getRequestType()=="请假" && request.getNumber()<=2)
            System.out.println(this.name+":"+request.getRequestContent()+" 数量："+request.getNumber()+"天，被批准");
        else {
            if (this.superior != null)
                this.superior.requestApplications(request);
        }
    }
}

//总监
class Director extends Manager{
    public Director(String name){
        super(name);
    }

    public void requestApplications(Request request){
        if (request.getRequestType()=="请假" && request.getNumber()<=5)
            System.out.println(this.name+":"+request.getRequestContent()+" 数量："+request.getNumber()+"天，被批准");
        else {
            if (this.superior != null)
                this.superior.requestApplications(request);
        }
    }
}

//总经理
class GeneralManager extends Manager{
    public GeneralManager(String name){
        super(name);
    }

    public void requestApplications(Request request){
        if (request.getRequestType()=="请假"){
            System.out.println(this.name+":"+request.getRequestContent()+" 数量："+request.getNumber()+"天，被批准");
        }
        else if (request.getRequestType()=="加薪" && request.getNumber()<=5000){
            System.out.println(this.name+":"+request.getRequestContent()+" 数量："+request.getNumber()+"元，被批准");
        }
        else if (request.getRequestType()=="加薪" && request.getNumber()>5000){
            System.out.println(this.name+":"+request.getRequestContent()+" 数量："+request.getNumber()+"元，再说吧");
        }
    }
}

3、申请类（不相关的类）

//申请
class Request {
    //申请类别
    private String requestType;
    public String getRequestType(){
        return this.requestType;
    }
    public void setRequestType(String value){
        this.requestType = value;
    }

    //申请内容
    private String requestContent;
    public String getRequestContent(){
        return this.requestContent;
    }
    public void setRequestContent(String value){
        this.requestContent = value;
    }

    //数量
    private int number;
    public int getNumber(){
        return this.number;
    }
    public void setNumber(int value){
        this.number = value;
    }
}

4、测试和结果

public class Test {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        System.out.println("**********************************************");       
        System.out.println("《大话设计模式》代码样例");
        System.out.println(); 

        CommonManager manager = new CommonManager("金利");
        Director director = new Director("宗剑");
        GeneralManager generalManager = new GeneralManager("钟精励");
        manager.setSuperior(director);
        director.setSuperior(generalManager);

        Request request = new Request();
        request.setRequestType("请假");
        request.setRequestContent("小菜请假");
        request.setNumber(1);
        manager.requestApplications(request);

        Request request2 = new Request();
        request2.setRequestType("请假");
        request2.setRequestContent("小菜请假");
        request2.setNumber(4);
        manager.requestApplications(request2);

        Request request3 = new Request();
        request3.setRequestType("加薪");
        request3.setRequestContent("小菜请求加薪");
        request3.setNumber(5000);
        manager.requestApplications(request3);

        Request request4 = new Request();
        request4.setRequestType("加薪");
        request4.setRequestContent("小菜请求加薪");
        request4.setNumber(10000);
        manager.requestApplications(request4);
 
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("**********************************************");
    }
}

结果