newtonsoft.json动态读取json以及动态生成

问题

同一个接口返回不同类型的json，json结构相差比较大转换为C#对象不太合适，想着是否可以动态解析。

newtonsoft类

JTokenType类型

namespace Newtonsoft.Json.Linq
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Specifies the type of token.
    /// </summary>
    public enum JTokenType
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 未知类型
        /// </summary>
        None = 0,

        /// <summary>
        /// JSON对象
        /// </summary>
        Object = 1,

        /// <summary>
        /// JSON数组
        /// </summary>
        Array = 2,

        /// <summary>
        /// JSON 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        Constructor = 3,

        /// <summary>
        /// JSON对象的属性
        /// </summary>
        Property = 4,

        /// <summary>
        /// 备注
        /// </summary>
        Comment = 5,

        /// <summary>
        /// 整数值
        /// </summary>
        Integer = 6,

        /// <summary>
        /// 浮点数
        /// </summary>
        Float = 7,

        /// <summary>
        /// 字符串
        /// </summary>
        String = 8,

        /// <summary>
        /// 布尔值
        /// </summary>
        Boolean = 9,

        /// <summary>
        /// null值
        /// </summary>
        Null = 10,

        /// <summary>
        /// undefined值
        /// </summary>
        Undefined = 11,

        /// <summary>
        /// 时间类型
        /// </summary>
        Date = 12,

        /// <summary>
        /// 原始的json值
        /// </summary>
        Raw = 13,

        /// <summary>
        /// 字节值的集合
        /// </summary>
        Bytes = 14,

        /// <summary>
        /// GUID值
        /// </summary>
        Guid = 15,

        /// <summary>
        /// Uri值
        /// </summary>
        Uri = 16,

        /// <summary>
        /// 时间戳值
        /// </summary>
        TimeSpan = 17
    }
}

读取

JToken

// 以下两种写法都可以被转换为 JToken 类型
string jtokenstring1 = "\"Hello World\"";
string jtokenstring2 = "{\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30}";
string jtokenstring3 = "10";
JToken jtoken1 = JToken.Parse(jtokenstring1);
Console.WriteLine(jtoken1.Type);
Console.WriteLine(jtoken1.HasValues);
JToken jtoken2 = (JToken)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jtokenstring2);
Console.WriteLine(jtoken2.Type);
Console.WriteLine(jtoken2.HasValues);
JToken jtoken3 = JToken.Parse(jtokenstring3);
Console.WriteLine(jtoken3.Type);
Console.WriteLine(jtoken3.HasValues);

JObject

// 只能序列化标准的 json 字符串
string jobjstring2 = "{\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30}";
JObject jobj1 = JObject.Parse(jobjstring2);
JObject jobj2 = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jobjstring2);
Console.WriteLine(jobj1.Type);
Console.WriteLine(jobj1.HasValues);
Console.WriteLine(jobj2.Type);
Console.WriteLine(jobj2.HasValues);

JArray

// 以下两种写法都可解析
// 主要标识就是字符串两段是中括号
string jarraystring1 = "[\"value1\",\"value2\"]";
string jarraystring2 = "[{\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30},{\"name\":\"Bob\",\"age\":20}]";
JArray jarray1 = JArray.Parse(jarraystring2);
JArray jarray2 = (JArray)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jarraystring2);
Console.WriteLine(jarray1.Type);
Console.WriteLine(jarray1.HasValues);
Console.WriteLine(jarray2.Type);
Console.WriteLine(jarray2.HasValues);

JProperty

//在JObject中是一个name/JToken键值对
string jobjstring2 = "{\"name\":\"John\",\"age\":30}";
JObject jobj1 = JObject.Parse(jobjstring2);
if (jobj1.HasValues)
{
    foreach (var property in jobj1.Values<JProperty>())
    {
        Console.WriteLine(property.Name);
        Console.WriteLine(property.Type);
        Console.WriteLine(property.Value);
    }
}

JValue

JObject jsonObject = JObject.Parse("{\"a\":10,\"b\":\"Hello World\",\"c\":10}"); 
// 获取值信息
JValue jvaluea = (JValue)jsonObject["a"];
JValue jvalueb = (JValue)jsonObject["b"];
JValue jvaluec = (JValue)jsonObject["c"]; 
// JValue 两个实例比较
Console.WriteLine("jvaluea.Equals(jvalueb): " + jvaluea.Equals(jvalueb)); // false
Console.WriteLine("jvaluea.Equals(jvaluec): " + jvaluea.Equals(jvaluec)); // true
Console.WriteLine("jvaluea==jvaluec: " + (jvaluea == jvaluec)); // false
Console.WriteLine("jvalueb: " + jvalueb); // Hello World
int intValue = jvaluea.Value<int>(); // 将值转换为整数类型
Console.WriteLine("Integer value: " + intValue);

只知道是个json字符串如何解析全部的数据

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;

namespace JsonStu01;

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        ExampleData data = new ExampleData  
        {  
            StringValue = "Hello, World!",  
            IntValue = 123,  
            DoubleValue = 456.789,  
            BooleanValue = true,  
            DateTimeValue = DateTime.Now,  
            ArrayValue = new object[] { "item1", 2, 3.14, false, null },  
            NestedObject = new ExampleNestedData { NestedStringValue = "Nested Value" },  
            NullableIntValue = 100 // 或者你可以设置为 null 来表示它是可空的  
        };  
  
        string jsonString = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(data, Formatting.Indented);
        Console.WriteLine(jsonString);
        var jToken = JToken.Parse(jsonString);
        Console.WriteLine("========================================");
        JTokenParsePrint(jToken);
        Console.WriteLine("========================================");
        JTokenParsePrint2(jToken);
    }

    static void JTokenParsePrint(JToken jToken)
    {
        if (jToken.HasValues)
        {
            foreach (var value in jToken.Values())
            {
                if (value.HasValues)
                {
                    JTokenParsePrint(value);
                }
                else
                {
                    var res = value as JValue;
                    if (res != null)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(res);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine("强制转化失败");
                        Console.WriteLine(value.Type);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
            var value = jToken as JValue;
            Console.WriteLine(value);
        }
    }
    
    static void JTokenParsePrint2(JToken jToken)
    {
        
        
        if (jToken is JObject jObject)  
        {  
            foreach (JProperty property in jObject.Properties())  
            {  
                
                if (property.Value.Type == JTokenType.Object || property.Value.Type == JTokenType.Array)  
                {  
                    //Console.WriteLine("--- Nested Value ---");  
                    Console.WriteLine($"Property Name: {property.Name}");
                    JTokenParsePrint2(property.Value); // 递归调用  
                    //Console.WriteLine("--- End Nested Value ---");  
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine($"Property Name: {property.Name}, Value: {property.Value}");  
                }
            }  
        }  
        else if (jToken is JArray jArray)  
        {  
            foreach (JToken item in jArray)  
            { 
                if (item.Type == JTokenType.Object || item.Type == JTokenType.Array)  
                {  
                    //Console.WriteLine("--- Nested Value ---");  
                    JTokenParsePrint2(item); // 递归调用  
                    //Console.WriteLine("--- End Nested Value ---");  
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("Array Item: " + item);  
                }
            }  
        }  
        else  
        {  
            Console.WriteLine("Token Value: " + jToken);  
        }  
    }
}


public class ExampleNestedData  
{  
    public string NestedStringValue { get; set; }  
}  

public class ExampleData  
{  
    public string StringValue { get; set; }  
    public int IntValue { get; set; }  
    public double DoubleValue { get; set; }  
    public bool BooleanValue { get; set; }  
    public DateTime DateTimeValue { get; set; }  
    public object[] ArrayValue { get; set; }  
    public ExampleNestedData NestedObject { get; set; }  
    public Nullable<int> NullableIntValue { get; set; }  
}  

生成json

JToken

JTokenWriter writer = new JTokenWriter();
writer.WriteStartObject();
writer.WritePropertyName("Title");
writer.WriteValue("aaaaaaa???");

writer.WritePropertyName("Detail");   

writer.WriteStartArray();
writer.WriteValue("Yes");
writer.WriteValue("No");
writer.WriteValue("Unknown");
writer.WriteEndArray();

writer.WriteEndObject();

JObject o = (JObject)writer.Token;
Console.WriteLine(o.ToString());

JObject

JObject o = new JObject 
{
    {"CPU","Intel"},
    {"Memory",2048},
    {
        "Drives",new JArray
        {
            "DVD",
            "U盘"
        }
    }
};
//可以再次编辑
o["CPU"] = "Intel";
Console.WriteLine(o.ToString());

JArray

var array = new JArray();
array.Add(new JObject()
{
    { "pkgType","type"},
    { "pkgPart","pkgPart"},
    { "pkgLotId","pkgLotId"},
    { "dateCode","dateCode"},
    { "dateTime",System.DateTime.Now.ToString()}
});
//不能添加JProperty
Console.WriteLine(array.ToString());

JProperty

// 创建一个 JProperty 的对象，然后转成字符串值
string propertyname = "name";
string propertyvalue = "John";
JProperty jproperty = new JProperty(propertyname, propertyvalue);
var jp = jproperty.ToString(); // 结果："name": "John"
Console.WriteLine(jp);
// 下面将 jproperty 对象加入 JObject
JObject jobject = new JObject(); // 将 JProperty 添加到 JObject 中
jobject.Add(jproperty);
string jsonstring = jobject.ToString(); // 将 JObject 转换为字符串
Console.WriteLine(jsonstring);
// 输出：{\r\n  \"name\": \"John\"\r\n}
// 但是通过这个输出的格式进行序列化时，就会提示异常，如下：
string jpropertystring1 = "\"name\": \"John\"";
// Newtonsoft.Json.JsonReaderException:Additional text encountered after finished reading JSON content
var jProperty1 = JProperty.Parse(jpropertystring1); 
var jProperty2 = (JProperty)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jpropertystring1);

JValue

Console.WriteLine(new JValue("aaa").ToString());
Console.WriteLine(new JValue(true).ToString());
Console.WriteLine(new JValue(new Uri("https://hao.360.com/")).ToString());
JObject obj = new JObject();
obj.Add("aaa",new JValue("aaa"));
var arr = new JArray();
arr.Add(new JValue(100));
arr.Add(new JValue(10.0));
arr.Add(new JValue(true));
obj.Add("array",arr);
Console.WriteLine(obj.ToString());

JSON合并

//JSON合并
var o1Str = @"{
      'FirstName': 'John',
      'LastName': 'Smith',
      'Enabled': false,
      'Roles': [ 'User' ]
    }";
var o2Str = @"{
      'Enabled': true,
      'Roles': [  'Admin' ]
    }";
JObject o1 = JObject.Parse(o1Str);
JObject o2 = JObject.Parse(o2Str);

o1.Merge(o2, new JsonMergeSettings
{
    // union arrays together to avoid duplicates
    MergeArrayHandling = MergeArrayHandling.Union
});

Console.WriteLine(o1.ToString());

参考

https://www.cnblogs.com/fanfan-90/p/12659937.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/hnzhengfy/p/JObjectJArray.html