原题:
代码:
LCD显示:
void lcd_proc(void)
{
char text[30];
VR37=getADC(&hadc2);
if(view)//数据界面
{
sprintf(text," DATA ");
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3,(uchar*)text);
sprintf(text," VR37:%.2lfV ",VR37);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4,(uchar*)text);
sprintf(text," PA7:%dHz ",PA7);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5,(uchar*)text);
}else//参数设置界面
{
sprintf(text," PARA ");
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3,(uchar*)text);
sprintf(text," VP1:%.1lfV ",VP1);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4,(uchar*)text);
}
}
这个按照题目要求来就是了,没有什么需要注意的地方。
KEY:
void key_proc(void)
{
if(keys[0].single_flag==1)//按键B1 切换界面
{
view=!view;
LCD_Clear(Black);
keys[0].single_flag=0;//防止重复
}else if(keys[1].single_flag==1)//按键B2
{
if(view==0)//只在参数界面有效
{
VP1+=0.3;
if(VP1>=3.4) VP1=0.0;
}
keys[1].single_flag=0;
}else if(keys[2].single_flag==1)//按键B3
{
if(view==1)//只在数据界面有效
{
PA7+=1000;
if(PA7>=11000) PA7=1000;
value=1000000/(PA7);
__HAL_TIM_SetAutoreload(&htim3,value-1);
__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_2,(value+1)*pwm/100);
}
keys[2].single_flag=0;
}
}
对于每个按键的处理,唯一的难点可能就是在调整频率的时候,同时要调整占空比,因为调整重装载值也会影响到占空比,需要维持占空比的不变。
__HAL_TIM_SetAutoreload(&htim3,value-1);//调整重装载值
__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_2,(value+1)*pwm/100);//调整占空比
LED:
void led_proc(void)
{
if(VR37>VP1)
{
if(uwTick-ledTick<100) return ;
ledTick=uwTick;
reverse_bit(&led_sta,2);
}else
{
clear_bit(&led_sta,2);
}
if(view==1)
set_bit(&led_sta,0);
else
clear_bit(&led_sta,0);
if(view==0)
set_bit(&led_sta,1);
else
clear_bit(&led_sta,1);
LED_Display(led_sta);
}
此题目的只有三种亮灯情况:
- 当前显示:数据界面,LD1亮,否则灭
- 当前显示:参数界面,LD2亮,否则灭
- 当VR37>VP1:LD以0.1s的频率闪烁
这里将LED的状态用一个变量 led_sta 保存,通过函数对这个变量里面的各个位数进行修改即可。唯一的重点是LD3的闪烁。应该是可以使用定时器来完成闪烁的,在中断里面实现反转LD3,但是不知道为啥,我用定时器会出错,频率会变,所以就用了另一种方法,SysTick,能够不用开定时器也能起到计时的功能。uwTick 记录板子上电运行的时间,每毫秒加一,通过这个来记录时间变化,在 if 判断下面的语句将每过 100 ms 执行一次,也就实现了LD3的以0.1ms的闪烁。
USART:
void uart_rx(void)
{
char text[30];
if(rx_p>0)
{
if(rx_p==1)
{
char temp[2];
sscanf(rxdata,"%s",temp);
int t=temp[0]-'0';
if(t>=1&&t<=9)
{
pwm=t*10;
__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_2,(value+1)*pwm/100);
}else
{
sprintf(text,"Error\r\n");
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t*)text,strlen(text),50);
}
}
rx_p=0;
memset(rxdata,0,30);
}
}
串口读到的数据在 rxdata 中,通过 sscanf 将数据读取出来存到一个变量中,判断该变量是否合法,如果合法,则对占空比进行更改,否则通过串口输出一个Error。
实用小函数:
//在变量 num 中对 bit_index 位置0
void clear_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index)
{
*num = (*num & ~(1 << bit_index));
}
//在变量 num 中对 bit_index 位置1
void set_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index)
{
*num = (*num & ~(1 << bit_index)) | (1 << bit_index);
}
//在变量 num 中对 bit_index 位反转
void reverse_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index) {
unsigned char reversed = (*num) >> bit_index;
reversed = reversed ^ (1 << bit_index);
*num = (*num) ^ reversed;
}
lcd.c
该文件是官方所给出的,但是在板子上LCD与LED的引脚是相互冲突的,有时候会影响LED的值,需要对以下三个函数进行如下更改:
main.c
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.c
* @brief : Main program body
******************************************************************************
* @attention
*
* Copyright (c) 2024 STMicroelectronics.
* All rights reserved.
*
* This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
* in the root directory of this software component.
* If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "adc.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "lcd.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "interrupt.h"
#include "myadc.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "led.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
extern struct key keys[4];
extern char rxdata[30];
extern uint8_t rxdat;
extern uchar rx_p;
extern uint frq;
extern float duty;
int pwm=10;
int view=1;
double VR37=2.35;
int PA7=1000;
double VP1=0.3;
int value=1000-1;
uchar led_sta=0x00;
int LD3=0;
__IO uint32_t ledTick=0;
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
void lcd_proc(void);
void key_proc(void);
void led_proc(void);
void uart_rx(void);
void clear_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index);
void set_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index);
void reverse_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index);
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/**
* @brief The application entry point.
* @retval int
*/
int main(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */
SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */
MX_GPIO_Init();
MX_TIM4_Init();
MX_ADC2_Init();
MX_USART1_UART_Init();
MX_TIM3_Init();
MX_TIM2_Init();
MX_TIM8_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
LCD_Init();
LCD_SetBackColor(Black);
LCD_SetTextColor(White);
LCD_Clear(Black);
HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim4);
//HAL_TIM_Base_Start_IT(&htim2);
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,&rxdat,1);//开启中断
HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_2);//初始化
HAL_TIM_IC_Start_IT(&htim8,TIM_CHANNEL_1);
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop */
/* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
while (1)
{
lcd_proc();
key_proc();
led_proc();
if(rx_p!=0)
{
int temp=rx_p;
HAL_Delay(1);
if(temp==rx_p) uart_rx();
}
/* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
}
/* USER CODE END 3 */
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
void lcd_proc(void)
{
char text[30];
VR37=getADC(&hadc2);
if(view)//数据界面
{
sprintf(text," DATA ");
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3,(uchar*)text);
sprintf(text," VR37:%.2lfV ",VR37);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4,(uchar*)text);
sprintf(text," PA7:%dHz ",PA7);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line5,(uchar*)text);
}else//参数设置界面
{
sprintf(text," PARA ");
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line3,(uchar*)text);
sprintf(text," VP1:%.1lfV ",VP1);
LCD_DisplayStringLine(Line4,(uchar*)text);
}
}
void key_proc(void)
{
if(keys[0].single_flag==1)
{
view=!view;
LCD_Clear(Black);
keys[0].single_flag=0;
}else if(keys[1].single_flag==1)
{
if(view==0)
{
VP1+=0.3;
if(VP1>=3.4) VP1=0.0;
}
keys[1].single_flag=0;
}else if(keys[2].single_flag==1)
{
if(view==1)
{
PA7+=1000;
if(PA7>=11000) PA7=1000;
value=1000000/(PA7);
__HAL_TIM_SetAutoreload(&htim3,value-1);
__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_2,(value+1)*pwm/100);
}
keys[2].single_flag=0;
}
}
void led_proc(void)
{
if(VR37>VP1)
{
if(uwTick-ledTick<100) return ;
ledTick=uwTick;
reverse_bit(&led_sta,2);
}else
{
clear_bit(&led_sta,2);
}
if(view==1)
set_bit(&led_sta,0);
else
clear_bit(&led_sta,0);
if(view==0)
set_bit(&led_sta,1);
else
clear_bit(&led_sta,1);
LED_Display(led_sta);
}
void uart_rx(void)
{
char text[30];
if(rx_p>0)
{
if(rx_p==1)
{
char temp[2];
sscanf(rxdata,"%s",temp);
int t=temp[0]-'0';
if(t>=1&&t<=9)
{
pwm=t*10;
__HAL_TIM_SetCompare(&htim3,TIM_CHANNEL_2,(value+1)*pwm/100);
}else
{
sprintf(text,"Error\r\n");
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t*)text,strlen(text),50);
}
}
rx_p=0;
memset(rxdata,0,30);
}
}
void clear_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index)
{
*num = (*num & ~(1 << bit_index));
}
void set_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index)
{
*num = (*num & ~(1 << bit_index)) | (1 << bit_index);
}
void reverse_bit(unsigned char *num, int bit_index) {
unsigned char reversed = (*num) >> bit_index;
reversed = reversed ^ (1 << bit_index);
*num = (*num) ^ reversed;
}
/* USER CODE END 4 */
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
interrupt.c
#include "interrupt.h"
#include "usart.h"
struct key keys[4];
extern int view;
extern int LD3;
extern uchar led_sta;
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(htim->Instance==TIM4)//中断来源
{
//读取四个按键的状态
keys[0].key_status=HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_0);
keys[1].key_status=HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_1);
keys[2].key_status=HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB,GPIO_PIN_2);
keys[3].key_status=HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOA,GPIO_PIN_0);
//状态机消抖
for(int i=0;i<4;i++)
{
switch(keys[i].judge_status)
{
case 0:
{
if(keys[i].key_status==0)
{
keys[i].judge_status=1;
keys[i].key_time=0;
}
}
break;
case 1:
{
if(keys[i].key_status==0)
{
keys[i].judge_status=2;
}else
{
keys[i].judge_status=0;
}
}
break;
case 2:
{
if(keys[i].key_status==0)
{
keys[i].key_time++;
if(keys[i].key_time>=70)
{
keys[i].long_flag=1;
}
}else
{
keys[i].judge_status=0;
if(keys[i].key_time<70)
{
keys[i].single_flag=1;
}
}
}
break;
}
}
}
}
char rxdata[30];
uint8_t rxdat;
uchar rx_p;
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
rxdata[rx_p++]=rxdat;
HAL_UART_Receive_IT(&huart1,&rxdat,1);
}
//输入捕获,测试所用
double ccrl_vala=0,ccrl_valb=0;
uint frq=0;
float duty=0;
void HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
{
if(htim->Instance==TIM8)
{
if(htim->Channel==HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1) //中断消息来源 选择直接输入的通道
{
//读取定时器的计时值
ccrl_vala=HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1);
ccrl_valb=HAL_TIM_ReadCapturedValue(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_2);
//将定时器的计时值清零
__HAL_TIM_SetCounter(htim,0);
//计算频率 主频/分频系数/计时值
frq=(80000000/80)/ccrl_vala;
duty=(ccrl_valb/ccrl_vala)*100;
HAL_TIM_IC_Start(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_1);
HAL_TIM_IC_Start(htim,TIM_CHANNEL_2);
}
}
}
interrupt.h
#ifndef _INTERRUPT_H_
#define _INTERRUPT_H_
#include "led.h"
#include "main.h"
#include "stdbool.h"
void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim);
struct key
{
bool single_flag;
bool long_flag;
unsigned int key_time;
unsigned int key_status;
unsigned int judge_status;
};
#endif
led.c
#include "led.h"
void LED_Display(uchar dsLED)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,GPIO_PIN_All,GPIO_PIN_SET); //将GPIOC的所有引脚全部置高电平,LED灯熄灭
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOC,dsLED<<8,GPIO_PIN_RESET); //根据dsLEDd的数值将对应LED点亮
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_SET); //将锁存器打开
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOD,GPIO_PIN_2,GPIO_PIN_RESET); //将锁存器关闭
}
led.h
#ifndef _LED_H_
#define _LED_H_
#include "main.h"
void LED_Display(uchar dsLED);
#endif
myadc.c
#include "myadc.h"
//读取adc
double getADC(ADC_HandleTypeDef *pin)
{
unsigned int adc;
HAL_ADC_Start(pin);
adc=HAL_ADC_GetValue(pin);
return adc*3.3/4096;
}
myadc.h
#ifndef _MYADC_H_
#define _MYADC_H_
#include "main.h"
double getADC(ADC_HandleTypeDef *pin);
#endif
----THE END-----
有关蓝桥杯嵌入式的模块知识请参考如下:
蓝桥杯嵌入式模块学习系列
【蓝桥杯嵌入式学习G431】模块五:USART-CSDN博客
(还有几个模块没更新~)
有关蓝桥杯嵌入式历届真题请参考如下: