安卓开发-实现数据库的CRUD操作

1.创建DBOpenHelper类继承SQLiteOpenHelper:

public class DBOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper implements BaseColumns {
    public static final String DB_NAME = "contact.db";//数据库的名称
    public static final int DB_VERSION = 6;//数据库的版本

    public static final String _TABLENAME = "_contactinfo";//表名
    public static final String _USERNAME = "_username";//属性名
    public static final String _PHONE = "_phone";//属性名


    //通过传入context对象创建数据库对象
    public DBOpenHelper(Context context) {
        super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);

    }

    //当数据库当调用函数getWritableDatabase()/getReadableDatabase()且数据库database文件不在时执行
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL("create table " + _TABLENAME + "(" + _ID
                + " integer primary key autoincrement, " + _USERNAME
                + " text, " + _PHONE + " text)");
    }

    //版本更新时执行
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

    }

}

2.定义CRUD操作的接口IContactDao:

public interface IContactDao {
    //向表中插入一条数据
    boolean addContact(String username, String phone);

    //通过指定phone删除表中的一条数据
    boolean deleteContact(String phone);

    //通过phone更新一条数据
    boolean updateContact(String username, String phone);

    //通过phone查询该条数据
    String queryContact(String phone);
}

3.定义实现接口IContactDao的类ContactDaoImpl和ContactGoogleDaoImpl:

public class ContactDaoImpl implements IContactDao {
    private static DBOpenHelper mHelper;

    public ContactDaoImpl(Context c) {
        mHelper = new DBOpenHelper(c);
    }

    public boolean addContact(String username, String phone) {
        SQLiteDatabase database = mHelper.getWritableDatabase();

        database.execSQL("insert into " + DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME
                + " ("+DBOpenHelper._USERNAME+","+DBOpenHelper._PHONE+") values (?, ?)", new String[] { username,
                phone });
        return true;
    }

    public boolean deleteContact(String phone) {
        SQLiteDatabase database = mHelper.getWritableDatabase();

        database.execSQL("delete from " + DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME
                + " where "+DBOpenHelper._PHONE+" = ?", new String[] { phone });
        return true;
    }

    public boolean updateContact(String username, String phone) {
        SQLiteDatabase database = mHelper.getWritableDatabase();

        database.execSQL("update " + DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME
                + " set "+DBOpenHelper._USERNAME+" = ?, "+DBOpenHelper._PHONE+" = ?", new String[] { username,
                phone });
        return true;
    }

    public String queryContact(String phone) {
        SQLiteDatabase database = mHelper.getWritableDatabase();

        Cursor cursor = database.rawQuery("select "+DBOpenHelper._USERNAME+" from "+DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME+" where "+DBOpenHelper._PHONE+" = ?",
                new String[] { phone });
        if(cursor.moveToNext()){
            String username = cursor.getString(0);
            Log.v("aaa", username);
        }

        return null;
    }

}









public class ContactGoogleDaoImpl implements IContactDao {
    private DBOpenHelper dbHelper;

    public ContactGoogleDaoImpl(Context c) {
        dbHelper = new DBOpenHelper(c); 
    }

    public boolean addContact(String username, String phone) {
        SQLiteDatabase database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();


        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put(DBOpenHelper._USERNAME, username);
        values.put(DBOpenHelper._PHONE, phone);
        Long rawNum = database.insert(DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME, null, values);

        return rawNum != -1L;
    }

    public boolean deleteContact(String phone) {
        SQLiteDatabase database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

        int rawNum = database.delete(DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME,
                DBOpenHelper._PHONE + "= ?", new String[] { phone });
        return rawNum != 0;
    }

    public boolean updateContact(String username, String phone) {
        SQLiteDatabase database = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        values.put(DBOpenHelper._USERNAME, username);

        int rawNum = database.update(DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME, values,
                DBOpenHelper._PHONE + "= ?", new String[] { phone });

        return rawNum != 0; 
    }

    public String queryContact(String phone) {
        String result = "";

        SQLiteDatabase database = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = database.query(DBOpenHelper._TABLENAME, new String[] {
                DBOpenHelper._USERNAME, DBOpenHelper._PHONE },
                DBOpenHelper._PHONE + "= ?", new String[] { phone }, null, null,
                null);

        String usernameValue = "";
        String phoneValue = "";
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            int usernameIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(DBOpenHelper._USERNAME);
            usernameValue = cursor.getString(usernameIndex);

            int phoneIndex = cursor.getColumnIndex(DBOpenHelper._PHONE);
            phoneValue = cursor.getString(phoneIndex);
        }
        result += usernameValue;
        result += phoneValue;

        return result;
    }

}

4.在MainActivity中调用ContactDaoImpl中的方法：

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    private IContactDao mContactDao = new ContactGoogleDaoImpl(this);

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public void addContactClick(View v){
        boolean ifChanged = mContactDao.addContact("张三", "111");
        Toast.makeText(this, ifChanged ? "添加成功" : "添加失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    public void deleteContactClick(View v){
        boolean ifChanged = mContactDao.deleteContact("111");
        Toast.makeText(this, ifChanged ? "删除成功" : "删除失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    public void updateContactClick(View v){
        boolean ifChanged = mContactDao.updateContact("李四", "111");
        Toast.makeText(this, ifChanged ? "修改成功" : "更新失败", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    public void queryContactClick(View v){
        String result = mContactDao.queryContact("111");
        Toast.makeText(this, result, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

    }

}

5.Sqlite工具的使用：

1.位置：sdk/tools/sqlite3.exe

2.使用：
    2.1：cmd中，adb -s 模拟器名称  shell
    2.2:cd /data/data/包名/databases
    2.3:sqlite3 数据库文件名（contact.db)
            .tables : 查看所有表
            sql语句  ：执行
            sqlite.quit：退出