Opencv在Java中的使用，及一直报错no opencv_java450 in java.library.path问题解决

首先要下载OpenCV（去官网下载就行，可能会比较慢），下载对应版本，windows版本是个exe执行文件

直接运行exe安装文件安装（注意自己自己选择的安装路径，后面会用到）

我的安装在了D盘下，安装目录 build\java文件夹下有对应的jar包调用摄像头的dll动态库文件

java中使用openCV

demo项目结构

1、使用百度人脸识别api，编写AuthService类，参考https://ai.baidu.com/tech/face/compare文档

注册账号，与创建应用获取API ID与Secret Key

import org.json.JSONObject;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

    /**
     * 获取token类
     */
    public class AuthService {

        public static void main(String[] args) {
            System.out.println(getAuth());
        }
        /**
         * 获取权限token
         * @return 返回示例：
         * {
         * "access_token": "24.460da4889caad24cccdb1fea17221975.2592000.1491995545.282335-1234567",
         * "expires_in": 2592000
         * }
         */
        public static String getAuth() {
            // 官网获取的 API Key 更新为你注册的
            String clientId = "*************";
            // 官网获取的 Secret Key 更新为你注册的
            String clientSecret = "***************";
            return getAuth(clientId, clientSecret);
        }

        /**
         * 获取API访问token
         * 该token有一定的有效期，需要自行管理，当失效时需重新获取.
         * @param ak - 百度云官网获取的 API Key
         * @param sk - 百度云官网获取的 Securet Key
         * @return assess_token 示例：
         * "24.460da4889caad24cccdb1fea17221975.2592000.1491995545.282335-1234567"
         */
        public static String getAuth(String ak, String sk) {
            // 获取token地址
            String authHost = "https://aip.baidubce.com/oauth/2.0/token?";
            String getAccessTokenUrl = authHost
                    // 1. grant_type为固定参数
                    + "grant_type=client_credentials"
                    // 2. 官网获取的 API Key
                    + "&client_id=" + ak
                    // 3. 官网获取的 Secret Key
                    + "&client_secret=" + sk;
            try {
                URL realUrl = new URL(getAccessTokenUrl);
                // 打开和URL之间的连接
                HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
                connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                connection.connect();
                // 获取所有响应头字段
                Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
                // 遍历所有的响应头字段
                for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                    System.err.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
                }
                // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
                BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
                String result = "";
                String line;
                while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                    result += line;
                }
                /**
                 * 返回结果示例
                 */
                System.err.println("result:" + result);
                JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(result);
                String access_token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
                return access_token;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.err.printf("获取token失败！");
                e.printStackTrace(System.err);
            }
            return null;
        }

    }

2、测试类

import com.itywh.utils.Base64Util;
import com.itywh.utils.FileUtil;
import com.itywh.utils.GsonUtils;
import com.itywh.utils.HttpUtil;

import java.util.*;

/**
 * 人脸对比
 */
public class FaceMatch {

    /**
     * 重要提示代码中所需工具类
     * FileUtil,Base64Util,HttpUtil,GsonUtils请从
     * https://ai.baidu.com/file/658A35ABAB2D404FBF903F64D47C1F72
     * https://ai.baidu.com/file/C8D81F3301E24D2892968F09AE1AD6E2
     * https://ai.baidu.com/file/544D677F5D4E4F17B4122FBD60DB82B3
     * https://ai.baidu.com/file/470B3ACCA3FE43788B5A963BF0B625F3
     * 下载
     */
    public static String faceMatch() {
        // 请求url
        String url = "https://aip.baidubce.com/rest/2.0/face/v3/match";
        try {
            byte[] bytes1 = FileUtil.readFileByBytes("C:\\Users\\Administrator.SC-202006201051\\Desktop\\Picture\\张一山1.jpeg");
//            byte[] bytes2 = FileUtil.readFileByBytes("C:\\Users\\Administrator.SC-202006201051\\Desktop\\Picture\\夏雨1.jpeg");
            byte[] bytes2 = FileUtil.readFileByBytes("C:\\Users\\Administrator.SC-202006201051\\Desktop\\Picture\\张一山2.jpeg");
            String image1 = Base64Util.encode(bytes1);
            String image2 = Base64Util.encode(bytes2);

            List<Map<String,Object>> imagesList =  new ArrayList<>();

            HashMap<String, Object> map1 = new HashMap<>();
            map1.put("image",image1);
            map1.put("image_type","BASE64");
            map1.put("face_type","LIVE");
            map1.put("quality_control","LOW");
            map1.put("liveness_control","NONE");//活体检测控制

            HashMap<String, Object> map2 = new HashMap<>();
            map2.put("image",image2);
            map2.put("image_type","BASE64");
            map2.put("face_type","LIVE");
            map2.put("quality_control","LOW");
            map2.put("liveness_control","NONE");//活体检测控制

            imagesList.add(map1);
            imagesList.add(map2);

            String param = GsonUtils.toJson(imagesList);

            // 注意这里仅为了简化编码每一次请求都去获取access_token，线上环境access_token有过期时间， 客户端可自行缓存，过期后重新获取。
            //[调用鉴权接口获取的token]
            String accessToken = AuthService.getAuth();
            //25.e55427baef037f8c8e61b28c7bf0708a.315360000.1925624675.282335-23521358
            System.out.println("token = "+accessToken);

            String result = HttpUtil.post(url, accessToken, "application/json", param);
            System.out.println(result);
            return result;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FaceMatch.faceMatch();
    }
}

3、编写CaptureBasic类用来检测人脸

import com.itywh.baidu.FaceMatch;
import org.opencv.core.Point;
import org.opencv.core.*;
import org.opencv.imgcodecs.Imgcodecs;
import org.opencv.imgproc.Imgproc;
import org.opencv.objdetect.CascadeClassifier;
import org.opencv.videoio.VideoCapture;
import org.opencv.videoio.Videoio;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;

public class CaptureBasic extends JPanel {
    private BufferedImage mImg;

    /**
     * 转换图像
     *
     * @param mat
     * @return
     */
    private BufferedImage mat2BI(Mat mat) {
        int dataSize = mat.cols() * mat.rows() * (int) mat.elemSize();
        byte[] data = new byte[dataSize];
        mat.get(0, 0, data);
        int type = mat.channels() == 1 ?
                BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY : BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR;

        if (type == BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR) {
            for (int i = 0; i < dataSize; i += 3) {
                byte blue = data[i + 0];
                data[i + 0] = data[i + 2];
                data[i + 2] = blue;
            }
        }
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(mat.cols(), mat.rows(), type);
        image.getRaster().setDataElements(0, 0, mat.cols(), mat.rows(), data);

        return image;
    }

    public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        if (mImg != null) {
            g.drawImage(mImg, 0, 0, mImg.getWidth(), mImg.getHeight(), this);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 显示视频
     */
    public static boolean showVido(VideoCapture capture) {
        try {
            // 创建矩阵
            Mat capImg = new Mat();
            // 设置摄像头高度
            int height = (int) capture.get(Videoio.CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT);
            // 设置摄像头宽度
            int width = (int) capture.get(Videoio.CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH);
            if (height == 0 || width == 0) {
                throw new Exception("camera not found!");
            }
            //使用Swing生成GUI
            JFrame frame = new JFrame("人脸识别");
            frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
            CaptureBasic panel = new CaptureBasic();
            //设置中心显示
            frame.setContentPane(panel);
            frame.setVisible(true);
            frame.setSize(width + frame.getInsets().left + frame.getInsets().right,
                    height + frame.getInsets().top + frame.getInsets().bottom);
            frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
            int n = 0;
            // 创建一个临时矩阵
            Mat temp = new Mat();
            while (frame.isShowing() && n < 100000) {
                //从摄像头读取一帧数据，保存到capImg矩阵中。
                capture.read(capImg);
                //转换为彩色图
                Imgproc.cvtColor(capImg, temp, Imgproc.COLOR_RGBA2BGRA);
                //调用人脸识别
                capImg = detectFace(capImg);
                //转为图像显示
                panel.mImg = panel.mat2BI(capImg);

                Imgcodecs.imwrite("D:\\renlian\\Capture\\1.jpg",capImg);
                panel.repaint();
                String result = FaceMatch.faceMatch();
                if(result.equals("1")){
                    capture.release();
                    frame.dispose();
                    return true;
                }
            }
            capture.release();
            frame.dispose();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("例外：" + e);
        } finally {
            System.out.println("--done--");
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * opencv实现人脸识别
     *
     * @param img
     */
    public static Mat detectFace(Mat img) throws Exception {

        System.out.println("Running DetectFace ... ");
        // 从配置文件lbpcascade_frontalface.xml中创建一个人脸识别器，该文件位于opencv安装目录中
//        CascadeClassifier faceDetector = new CascadeClassifier("D:\\opencv\\opencv\\sources\\data\\haarcascades\\haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml");
        CascadeClassifier faceDetector = new CascadeClassifier("D:\\openCV\\opencv\\sources\\data\\haarcascades\\haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml");
        // 在图片中检测人脸
        MatOfRect faceDetections = new MatOfRect();
        faceDetector.detectMultiScale(img, faceDetections);
        Rect[] rects = faceDetections.toArray();
        if (rects != null && rects.length >= 1) {
            for (Rect rect : rects) {
                //画矩形
                Imgproc.rectangle(img, new Point(rect.x, rect.y), new Point(rect.x + rect.width, rect.y + rect.height),
                        new Scalar(0, 255, 0), 2);
            }
        }
        return img;
    }
}

4、编写Test测试类

        System.out.println(System.getProperties().getProperty("java.library.path"));
        //1、加载openCV类库
        System.loadLibrary("opencv_java450");
        //2、打开摄像头获取视频流
        VideoCapture vc = new VideoCapture(0);
        //3、检查是否支持摄像头，true代表摄像头可以打开，false代表不可以打开
        System.out.println(vc.isOpened());
        //4、调用摄像头显示
        CaptureBasic.showVido(vc);

出现no opencv_java450 in java.library.path的解决办法如下

在vm一栏加上openCV所在目录下位置   -Djava.library.path=D:\\openCV\\opencv\\build\\java\\x64;D:\\openCV\\opencv\\build\\x64\\vc15\\bin（这个要根据自己安装位置来配置）