8.2. 定制的字符串格式化

Method

__format__()

Discussion

定义一个类

_formats = {
    'ymd' : '{d.year}-{d.month}-{d.day}',
    'mdy' : '{d.month}/{d.day}/{d.year}',
    'dmy' : '{d.day}/{d.month}/{d.year}'
}
class Date:
    def __init__(self, year, month, day):
        self.year = year
        self.month = month
        self.day = day
    def __format__(self, code):
        if code == '':
        code = 'ymd'
        fmt = _formats[code]
        return fmt.format(d=self)

Data类现在支持的格式化运算如下

>>> d = Date(2012, 12, 21)
>>> format(d)
'2012-12-21'
>>> format(d, 'mdy')
'12/21/2012'
>>> 'The date is {:ymd}'.format(d)
'The date is 2012-12-21'
>>> 'The date is {:mdy}'.format(d)
'The date is 12/21/2012'
>>>

Python内置的date类

>>> from datetime import date
>>> d = date(2012, 12, 21)
>>> format(d)
'2012-12-21'
>>> format(d,'%A, %B %d, %Y')
'Friday, December 21, 2012'
>>> 'The end is {:%d %b %Y}. Goodbye'.format(d)
'The end is 21 Dec 2012. Goodbye'
>>>