获取字段类型

public static String getFieldType(String objName, String fieldName){
        Map<String, Schema.SObjectField> M = Schema.getGlobalDescribe().get(objName).getDescribe().fields.getmap();

        Schema.SObjectField field = M.get(fieldName);
        System.debug(LoggingLevel.DEBUG, '*** field: ' + field);

        Schema.DisplayType fieldType = field.getDescribe().getType();

        System.debug(LoggingLevel.DEBUG, '*** fieldType: ' + fieldType);

        return String.valueOf(fieldType);
    }

获取lookup对象上字段类型：

Schema.DescribeFieldResult dfr = contact.Account__r.CreatedDate.getDescribe();
System.debug(LoggingLevel.DEBUG, '*** dfr.getReferenceTo(): ' + dfr.getType());