std::ostringstream

1. std::ostringstream

ostringstream 是 C++ 标准库中的一个类，用于在内存中构造字符串。它属于标准库的 sstream 头文件的一部分。ostringstream 提供了一种类似于输出流（如 std::cout）的接口，但数据是写入到一个字符串对象中，而不是输出到控制台或文件。

以下是 ostringstream 的一些主要功能和用法示例：

1.1 构造和赋值

    #include <sstream>
    #include <string>
    #include <iostream>

    int main() {
        std::ostringstream oss;
        oss << "Hello, " << "world!";
        std::string result = oss.str();
        std::cout << result << std::endl;  // 输出：Hello, world!
        return 0;
    }

1.2 格式化输出

    #include <sstream>
    #include <string>
    #include <iostream>

    int main() {
        int number = 42;
        double pi = 3.14159;
        
        std::ostringstream oss;
        oss << "Number: " << number << ", Pi: " << pi;
        
        std::string result = oss.str();
        std::cout << result << std::endl;  // 输出：Number: 42, Pi: 3.14159
        return 0;
    }

1.3 使用标准输出格式控制

    #include <sstream>
    #include <string>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <iomanip>

    int main() {
        double pi = 3.141592653589793;

        std::ostringstream oss;
        oss << std::fixed << std::setprecision(2) << pi;

        std::string result = oss.str();
        std::cout << result << std::endl;  // 输出：3.14
        return 0;
    }

#include <iostream>
#include <bitset>
#include <sstream>

int main() {
    int number = 42;

    // 十进制转二进制
    std::bitset<32> binary(number);
    std::cout << "Binary: " << binary.to_string() << std::endl;

    // 十进制转八进制
    std::ostringstream octStream;
    octStream << std::oct << number;
    std::cout << "Octal: " << octStream.str() << std::endl;

    // 十进制转十六进制
    std::ostringstream hexStream;
    hexStream << std::hex << number;
    std::cout << "Hexadecimal: " << hexStream.str() << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

1.4 重置流内容

    #include <sstream>
    #include <string>
    #include <iostream>

    int main() {
        std::ostringstream oss;
        oss << "Hello, world!";
        
        // 清除当前内容
        oss.str("");
        oss.clear();

        oss << "New content";
        std::string result = oss.str();
        std::cout << result << std::endl;  // 输出：New content
        return 0;
    }

2. 将uint8数组输出字符串

2.1 输出成大写16进制

int main() {

    uint8_t arr[8] = { 01,12,23,34,0xF5,116,17,28 };
    std::ostringstream oss;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        oss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << std::uppercase << std::hex << (int)arr[i] << " ";
    }
    
    std::string str = oss.str();
    std::cout << str << std::endl;
    
    return 0;
}

2.2 输出成10进制

int main() {

    uint8_t arr[8] = { 01,12,23,34,0xF5,116,17,28 };

    std::ostringstream oss;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
        oss << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(2) << std::dec << (int)arr[i] << " ";
    }

    std::string str1 = oss.str();
    std::cout << str1 << std::endl;

	return 0;
}