URL字符解码

将网页编码文字还原：

例如：https%3A%2F%2Fwww.example.com%2F%3Fparam%3Dvalue%26key%3D%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87

解码：

https: // www.example.com/?param=value&key=中文

代码：

char hexValue(char ch)
{
     if (isdigit(ch))
    {
       return ch - '0';
    }
    return ::toupper(ch) - 'A' + 10;
}

std::string urlDecode(std::string& input)
{
    std::string decoded;
    size_t inputLen = input.size();
    for (size_t i = 0; i < inputLen; i++)
    {
       char c = input[i];
       if (c == '+')
       {
          decoded.push_back(' ');
       }
       else if (c == '%' && i + 2 < inputLen)
       {
          char hex1 = input[++i];
          char hex2 = input[++i];
          if (isxdigit(hex1) && isxdigit(hex2))
          {
             char decodedChar = (hexValue(hex1) << 4) | hexValue(hex2);
             decoded.push_back(decodedChar);
          }
          else
          {
              decoded.push_back(c);
              decoded.push_back(hex1);
              decoded.push_back(hex2);
          }
        }
        else
        {
           decoded.push_back(c);
        }
    }
    return decoded;
}