E - Bad Hair Day

Some of Farmer John’s N cows (1 ≤ N ≤ 80,000) are having a bad hair day! Since each cow is self-conscious about her messy hairstyle, FJ wants to count the number of other cows that can see the top of other cows’ heads.

Each cow i has a specified height hi (1 ≤ hi ≤ 1,000,000,000) and is standing in a line of cows all facing east (to the right in our diagrams). Therefore, cow i can see the tops of the heads of cows in front of her (namely cows i+1, i+2, and so on), for as long as these cows are strictly shorter than cow i.

Consider this example:

    =

= =
= - = Cows facing right –>
= = =
= - = = =
= = = = = =
1 2 3 4 5 6
Cow#1 can see the hairstyle of cows #2, 3, 4
Cow#2 can see no cow’s hairstyle
Cow#3 can see the hairstyle of cow #4
Cow#4 can see no cow’s hairstyle
Cow#5 can see the hairstyle of cow 6
Cow#6 can see no cows at all!

Let ci denote the number of cows whose hairstyle is visible from cow i; please compute the sum of c1 through cN.For this example, the desired is answer 3 + 0 + 1 + 0 + 1 + 0 = 5.

Input
Line 1: The number of cows, N.
Lines 2..N+1: Line i+1 contains a single integer that is the height of cow i.
Output
Line 1: A single integer that is the sum of c 1 through cN.
Sample Input
6
10
3
7
4
12
2
Sample Output
5

单调栈的题目
反过来想：/*自己怎么想不到啊
反着想，看这个牛能被多少牛看到，要是左边的有比他低或等于他就不被看到，直接去掉就好*/

/*自己怎么想不到啊
反着想，看这个牛能被多少牛看到，要是左边的有比他低或等于他就不被看到，直接去掉就好*/
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdio>
#include<stack>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
    int n;
    while(~scanf("%d",&n))
    {
        long long t;
        stack <long long >s;
        long long sum=0;
        n--;
        scanf("%lld",&t);
        s.push(t);
        while(n--)
        {
            scanf("%lld",&t);
            while(s.size()!=0&&t>=s.top())
                s.pop();
            sum+=s.size();
            s.push(t);
        }
        printf("%lld\n",sum);
    }
    return 0;
}