SSM框架学习之路-Mybatis（二）第一个Mybatis程序

2、第一个Mybatis程序

思路：搭建环境–>导入Mybatis–>编写代码–>测试！

2.1、搭建环境

搭建数据库

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `mybatis`
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET 'utf8'
DEFAULT COLLATE 'utf8_general_ci';

USE `mybatis`;

CREATE TABLE `user`(
    `id` INT(20) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
    `name` VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT NULL,
    `pwd` VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT NULL
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `user`(`id`, `name`, `pwd`) VALUES
(1, '赵云', '123456'),
(2, '李白', '123456'),
(3, '猴子', '123456');

新建项目

1. 新建一个普通的maven项目

2. 删除src目录

3. 导入maven依赖

   !--mysql驱动-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
       <version>5.1.47</version>
   </dependency>
   <!--mybatis-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
       <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
       <version>3.5.2</version>
   </dependency>
   <!--Junit-->
   <dependency>
       <groupId>junit</groupId>
       <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
       <version>4.12</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
   

2.2创建一个模块

• 编写mybatis核心配置文件

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  <!DOCTYPE configuration
          PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
          "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
  <!--configuration核心配置文件-->
  <configuration>
      <environments default="development">
          <environment id="development">
              <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
              <dataSource type="POOLED">
                  <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                  <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                  <property name="username" value="root"/>
                  <property name="password" value="123"/>
              </dataSource>
          </environment>
      </environments>
  </configuration>
  

• 编写mybatis工具类

  public class MybatisUtils {
  
      private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
  
      static {
          try {
              // 使用Mybatis获取SqlSessionFactory对象
              String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
              InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
              sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
      //  既然有了SqlSessionFactory，顾名思义，我们就可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例了
      // SqlSession 完全包含了面向数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法
      public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
          return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
      }
  }
  

2.3、编写代码

• 实体类

  public class User {
      private Integer id;
      private String name;
      private String pwd;
  
      public User() {
      }
  
      public User(Integer id, String name, String pwd) {
          this.id = id;
          this.name = name;
          this.pwd = pwd;
      }
  
      public Integer getId() {
          return id;
      }
  
      public void setId(Integer id) {
          this.id = id;
      }
  
      public String getName() {
          return name;
      }
  
      public void setName(String name) {
          this.name = name;
      }
  
      public String getPwd() {
          return pwd;
      }
  
      public void setPwd(String pwd) {
          this.pwd = pwd;
      }
  
      @Override
      public String toString() {
          return "User{" +
                  "id=" + id +
                  ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                  ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                  '}';
      }
  }
  

• Dao接口

  public interface UserDao {
      // 获取全部用户
      public List<User> getUserList();
  }
  

• 接口实现类由原来的UserDaoImpl转变为一个Mapper文件

  ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  <!DOCTYPE mapper
          PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
          "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
  <mapper namespace="com.wsw.dao.UserDao">
      <!--select 查询语句-->
      <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.wsw.pojo.User">
          select * from mybatis.user
      </select>
  </mapper>
  

2.4、测试

注意点：

org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.wsw.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry

MapperRegistry是什么？

核心配置文件中配置的mappers

• Junit 测试

  public class UserMapperTest {
      @Test
      public void getUserList() {
          // 第一步，获取SqlSession对象
          SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
          // 执行 SQL
          // 方式一：getMapper
          UserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
          List<User> userList = userDao.getUserList();
          
          for (User user : userList) {
              System.out.println(user.toString());
          }
          // 关闭 SqlSession
          sqlSession.close();
      }
  }
  

可能会遇到的问题：

1. 配置文件没有注册

   <!--一个Mapper.xml需要在Mybatis的核心配置文件中注册！-->
   <mappers>
       <mapper resource="com/wsw/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
   </mappers>
   

2. 绑定的接口不对

3. 方法名不对

4. 返回类型不对

5. Maven导出资源问题

   由于maven的约束大于配置，可能会遇到编写的配置文件，无法被导出或者生效的问题，解决方案：

   <!--在build中配置resources，来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
   <build>
       <resources>
           <resource>
               <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
               <includes>
                   <include>**/*.properties</include>
                   <include>**/*.xml</include>
               </includes>
               <filtering>true</filtering>
           </resource>
           <resource>
               <directory>src/main/java</directory>
               <includes>
                   <include>**/*.properties</include>
                   <include>**/*.xml</include>
               </includes>
               <filtering>true</filtering>
           </resource>
   
       </resources>
   </build>