通过Consul+Prometheus自动注册node-exporter实现自动监控OpenStack的VM

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-30 14:00:50 发布

FrankenFunc `

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-30 14:00:50 发布

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分类专栏：监控文章标签：监控类运维

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36648860/article/details/115767839

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非常重要：本文只提供思路，部署过程是我根据回忆写的，不保证正确，具体出现的部署过程的问题需要自己排查，小程序的部署方式不懂得请留言。小程序使用必须开启consul的认证模式！

1. 提出问题

在工作中OpenStack集群的vm需要解决基础性能指标的监控，如果每台的启动再去手动添加监控node_exporter，再写prometheus.yml的话，对于吾等懒程序员简直就是噩梦，由此开始设计基于Prometheus+Consul的监控方案。

2. 解决方案

1. 通过将node_exporter打包进Image实现强制自动部署
2. 通过开发一个小程序自动注册node_exporter到consul，同时小程序也与node_exporter一样打包进Image
3. 配置Prometheus通过consul来发现node_exporter节点

3. 部署Consul集群

3.1 集群规划

系统	主机名	IP
Centos-7.7	compute-7-1	172.16.100.71
Centos-7.7	compute-7-2	172.16.100.72
Centos-7.7	compute-7-3	172.16.100.73

3.1 自行下载Consul并安装

Consul v1.7.2
所有节点分别安装consul

$ wget https://releases.hashicorp.com/consul/1.7.2/consul_1.7.2_linux_amd64.zip
$ unzip consul_1.7.2_linux_amd64.zip
$ mv consul_1.7.2/consul /usr/bin/
$ mkdir /data/consul
$ mkdir /etc/consul.d
$ useradd consul

所有节点分别修改配置文件

$ vim /etc/consul.d/consul_config.json
{
    "bootstrap_expect": 1,
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "node_name": "compute-7-1",
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.71"
}

$ vim /etc/consul.d/consul_config.json
{
    "bootstrap_expect": 1,
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "node_name": "compute-7-2",
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.72"
}

$ vim /etc/consul.d/consul_config.json
{
    "bootstrap_expect": 1,
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "node_name": "compute-7-3",
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.73"
        }
    }
}

所有节点分别配置systemd，启动consul并设置开机自启动

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/consul.service 
[Unit]
Description=consul: the monitoring system
Documentation=http://prometheus.io/docs/

[Service]
User=consul
Group=consul
ExecStart=/usr/bin/consul agent -config-file /etc/consul.d/consul_config.json
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start consul && systemctl enable consul
$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start consul && systemctl enable consul
$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start consul && systemctl enable consul

3.2 配置master token

初始化master token

$ curl \
    --request PUT \
    http://172.16.100.71:8500/v1/acl/bootstrap
`{"ID":"8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c"}`

获取encrypt

$ consul keygen
gEjZMbDxnA5UDS5DJRI3Nn5KvOwdVa46jneHK0gFDa8=

3.3 配置获取到的master token

compute-7-1：

{
    "bootstrap_expect": 1,
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "primary_datacenter":"sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "start_join":[
        "172.16.100.72",
        "172.16.100.73"
    ],
    "retry_join":[
        "172.16.100.72",
        "172.16.100.73"
    ],
    "connect":{
        "enabled": true
    },
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "node_name": "compute-7-1",
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.71",
    "advertise_addr": "172.16.100.71",
    "enable_script_checks": false,
    "enable_local_script_checks": true,
    "log_file": "/var/log",
    "log_rotate_bytes": 300000000,
    "log_rotate_duration": "360h",
    "log_level": "info",
    "encrypt": "gEjZMbDxnA5UDS5DJRI3Nn5KvOwdVa46jneHK0gFDa8=",
    "acl": {
        "enabled": true,
        "default_policy": "deny",
        "enable_token_persistence": true,
        "tokens": {
            "master": "8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c"
        }
    }
}

compute-7-2

{
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "primary_datacenter":"sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "connect":{
        "enabled": true
    },
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "node_name": "compute-7-2",
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.72",
    "advertise_addr": "172.16.100.72",
    "enable_script_checks": false,
    "enable_local_script_checks": true,
    "log_file": "/var/log",
    "log_rotate_bytes": 300000000,
    "log_rotate_duration": "360h",
    "log_level": "info",
    "acl_datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "encrypt": "gEjZMbDxnA5UDS5DJRI3Nn5KvOwdVa46jneHK0gFDa8=",
    "acl": {
        "enabled": true,
        "default_policy": "deny",
        "enable_token_persistence": true,
        "tokens": {
            "master": "8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c"
        }
    }
}

compute-7-3

{
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "primary_datacenter":"sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "connect":{
        "enabled": true
    },
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "node_name": "compute-7-3",
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.73",
    "advertise_addr": "172.16.100.73",
    "enable_script_checks": false,
    "enable_local_script_checks": true,
    "log_file": "/var/log",
    "log_rotate_bytes": 300000000,
    "log_rotate_duration": "360h",
    "log_level": "info",
    "acl_datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "encrypt": "gEjZMbDxnA5UDS5DJRI3Nn5KvOwdVa46jneHK0gFDa8=",
    "acl": {
        "enabled": true,
        "default_policy": "deny",
        "enable_token_persistence": true,
        "tokens": {
            "master": "8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c"
        }
    }
}

在三个节点中启动
先在slave节点启动

$ systemctl restart consul
$ systemctl restart consul

之后再master启动

$ systemctl restart consul

启动后我们会查看到服务器日志中出现与权限有关的错误，根据官方文档的说法是因为未配置agent的token导致的，因此还需初始化slave token：

$ curl     --request PUT     --header "X-Consul-Token: cd76a0f7-5535-40cc-8696-073462acc6c7"     --data '{
  "Name": "Agent Token",
  "Type": "client",
  "Rules": "node \"\" { policy = \"write\" } service \"\" { policy = \"read\" }"
}' http://172.16.100.71:8500/v1/acl/create

3.4 配置获取到的agent token

compute-7-1：

{
    "bootstrap_expect": 1,
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "primary_datacenter":"sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "start_join":[
        "172.16.100.72",
        "172.16.100.73"
    ],
    "retry_join":[
        "172.16.100.72",
        "172.16.100.73"
    ],
    "connect":{
        "enabled": true
    },
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "node_name": "compute-7-1",
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.71",
    "advertise_addr": "172.16.100.71",
    "enable_script_checks": false,
    "enable_local_script_checks": true,
    "log_file": "/var/log",
    "log_rotate_bytes": 300000000,
    "log_rotate_duration": "360h",
    "log_level": "info",
    "encrypt": "gEjZMbDxnA5UDS5DJRI3Nn5KvOwdVa46jneHK0gFDa8=",
    "acl": {
        "enabled": true,
        "default_policy": "deny",
        "enable_token_persistence": true,
        "tokens": {
            "master": "8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c",
            "agent": "883efc94-0c59-c46f-67cf-4644ac4adad2"
        }
    }
}

compute-7-2

{
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "primary_datacenter":"sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "connect":{
        "enabled": true
    },
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "node_name": "compute-7-2",
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.72",
    "advertise_addr": "172.16.100.72",
    "enable_script_checks": false,
    "enable_local_script_checks": true,
    "log_file": "/var/log",
    "log_rotate_bytes": 300000000,
    "log_rotate_duration": "360h",
    "log_level": "info",
    "acl_datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "encrypt": "gEjZMbDxnA5UDS5DJRI3Nn5KvOwdVa46jneHK0gFDa8=",
    "acl": {
        "enabled": true,
        "default_policy": "deny",
        "enable_token_persistence": true,
        "tokens": {
            "master": "8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c",
            "agent": "883efc94-0c59-c46f-67cf-4644ac4adad2"
        }
    }
}

compute-7-3

{
    "datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "primary_datacenter":"sibat_consul",
    "data_dir": "/data/consul",
    "connect":{
        "enabled": true
    },
    "server": true,
    "client_addr": "0.0.0.0",
    "ui": true,
    "node_name": "compute-7-3",
    "bind_addr": "172.16.100.73",
    "advertise_addr": "172.16.100.73",
    "enable_script_checks": false,
    "enable_local_script_checks": true,
    "log_file": "/var/log",
    "log_rotate_bytes": 300000000,
    "log_rotate_duration": "360h",
    "log_level": "info",
    "acl_datacenter": "sibat_consul",
    "encrypt": "gEjZMbDxnA5UDS5DJRI3Nn5KvOwdVa46jneHK0gFDa8=",
    "acl": {
        "enabled": true,
        "default_policy": "deny",
        "enable_token_persistence": true,
        "tokens": {
            "master": "8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c",
            "agent": "883efc94-0c59-c46f-67cf-4644ac4adad2"
        }
    }
}

在三个节点中启动
先在slave节点启动

$ systemctl restart consul
$ systemctl restart consul

之后再master启动

$ systemctl restart consul

待集群稳定后即可访问UI，http://172.16.100.71:8500

4. 集成Prometheus

$ sudo vim /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
...
  - job_name: 'OpenStack-vms'
    consul_sd_configs:
      - server: "172.16.100.71:8500"
        token: '8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c'
        services: []
      - server: "172.16.100.72:8500"
        token: '8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c'
        services: []
      - server: "172.16.100.73:8500"
        token: '8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c'
        services: []
    relabel_configs:
      - source_labels: [__meta_consul_tags]
        regex: ".*OpenStack-vms.*"
        replacement: OpenStack-vms
        action: keep
        target_label: env
      - regex: __meta_consul_service_metadata_(.+)
        action: labelmap
...

$ sudo systemctl restart prometheus

启动后，在prometheus UI就可以找到刚才配置的job_name了：
在这里插入图片描述

5. VMS自动注册

问题：关于自动注册，原生的组件中都没有较美好的方案。我刚开始使用curl的方式通过shell写入rc.local的方式自动注册，但是发现有时还是会出现没有注册的情况，再加上centos7的并发启动的机制，使得这个过程并不友好。同时还发现consul并不是强一致性的注册中心，有时会出现相同的serviceid同时被注册到不同的节点的情况：
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-17zpdQT7-1618564366319)(/img/bVbIggC)]

所以使用go语言开发了一个小程序自动注册node_exporter，并使用systemd设置开机自启动来达到自动注册的效果，并通过一套算法来避免重复注册以及实现均衡注册。

5.1 Node_Exporter

$ wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.0.0/node_exporter-1.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf node_exporter-1.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
$ mv /usr/local/node_exporter-1.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz /usr/local/node_exporter

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service 
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter: the monitoring system
Documentation=http://prometheus.io/docs/

[Service]
User=nobody
ExecStart=/usr/local/node_exporter/node_exporter
Restart=always
StartLimitInterval=0
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start node_exporter && systemctl enable node_exporter

5.2 consulR注册小程序

安装consulR小程序

$ wget https://github.com/FrankenFuncc/consul-registy-service/releases/download/202006161758/consulR.zip
$ unzip consulR.zip
$ cd consulR
$ chmod +x consulR
$ mv consulR /usr/local/
$ mkdir /data/consul/logs -p

配置文件

$ vim /etc/consul/consulR.yaml
System:
  ServiceName: consul-registy-service
  ListenAddress: 0.0.0.0
  Port: 9984
  #通过此IP与端口来检索出口网卡IP地址
  FindAddress: 8.8.8.8:80
Logs:
  LogFilePath: /data/consul/consul.log
  LogLevel: info
Consul:
  Address: 172.16.100.71:8500,172.16.100.72:8500,172.16.100.73:8500
  #Consul Master Token
  Token: 8dc1eb67-1f5f-4e10-ad9d-5e58b047647c
  CheckTimeout: 5s
  CheckInterval: 5s
  #关于虚机删除或宕机可在此配置，consul为保持当即状态或自动清理
  CheckDeregisterCriticalServiceAfter: true
  CheckDeregisterCriticalServiceAfterTime: 5s
Service:
  Tag: node-exporter
  #Address空则默认通过FindAddress配置来检索出口网卡IP地址
  Address:
  Port: 9100

$ chown -R nobody.nobody /etc/consul/consulR.yaml

使用systemd管理

$ vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/consulR.service 
[Unit]
Description=Consul
After=network-online.target

[Service]
User=nobody
ExecStart=/usr/local/consulR --confpath=/etc/consul/consulR.yaml
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=1

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

设置开机自启动

$ systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl start consulR && systemctl enable consulR

VM关机

$ poweroff

制作镜像

$ qemu-img convert -c disk -O qcow2 centos-fantasy.qcow2
$ openstack image create "CentOS7-Fantasy" --file centos-fantasy.qcow2   --disk-format qcow2  --container-format bare --public

创建镜像后，用这个镜像创建虚拟机，将会自动把9100注册到consul集群，之后就能被Prometheus自动发现了。
在这里插入图片描述

6. 监控可视化

在Grafana导入8919模板
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-uzJn3oEq-1618564366322)(/img/bVbItk3)]
[=(img-tWxHrRZK-1618564366323)(/img/bVbItmg)]
在这里插入图片描述
这样就可以在instance看到自动发现后的监控主机详情了。。。
很简单对吧？

FrankenFunc `

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通过Consul+Prometheus自动注册node-exporter实现自动监控OpenStack的VM

非常重要：本文只提供思路，部署过程是我根据回忆写的，不保证正确，具体出现的部署过程的问题需要自己排查，小程序的部署方式不懂得请留言。小程序使用必须开启consul的认证模式！1. 提出问题在工作中OpenStack集群的vm需要解决基础性能指标的监控，如果每台的启动再去手动添加监控node_exporter，再写prometheus.yml的话，对于吾等懒程序员简直就是噩梦，由此开始设计基于Prometheus+Consul的监控方案。2. 解决方案1. 通过将node_exporter打包进Ima
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