1、下载 MySQL 官方的 Yum Repository
从 MySQL 官网选取合适的 MySQL 版本，获取下载地址。
然后使用 wget 下载：
[root@localhost opt]# wget http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
--2019-09-18 14:47:40-- http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.195.78.58
正在连接 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.195.78.58|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：9116 (8.9K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm”
100%[=========================================================================================================================================================================>] 9,116 --.-K/s 用时 0s
2019-09-18 14:47:40 (210 MB/s) - 已保存 “mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm” [9116/9116])
2、安装 yum Repository
[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm
已加载插件：fastestmirror
正在检查 mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm: mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch
mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch.rpm 将被安装
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql57-community-release.noarch.0.el7-8 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
mysql57-community-release noarch el7-8 /mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch 8.2 k
事务概要
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
安装 1 软件包
总计：8.2 k
安装大小：8.2 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch 1/1
验证中 : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch 1/1
已安装:
mysql57-community-release.noarch 0:el7-8
3、安装 MySQL 服务端
- 查看mysql server
[root@localhost opt]# yum search mysql-com
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
mysql-connectors-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql-tools-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
mysql57-community | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
nodesource | 2.5 kB 00:00:00
openresty | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
(1/8): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 152 kB 00:00:00
(2/8): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 165 kB 00:00:00
(3/8): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db | 61 kB 00:00:00
(4/8): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db | 44 kB 00:00:00
(5/8): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 1.1 MB 00:00:00
(6/8): base/7/x86_64/primary_db | 6.0 MB 00:00:01
(7/8): openresty/7/x86_64/primary_db | 33 kB 00:00:06
(8/8): mysql57-community/x86_64/primary_db | 184 kB 00:00:07
============================================================================================= N/S matched: mysql-com ==============================================================================================
mysql-community-client.i686 : MySQL database client applications and tools
mysql-community-client.x86_64 : MySQL database client applications and tools
mysql-community-common.i686 : MySQL database common files for server and client libs
mysql-community-common.x86_64 : MySQL database common files for server and client libs
mysql-community-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-embedded.i686 : MySQL embedded library
mysql-community-embedded.x86_64 : MySQL embedded library
mysql-community-embedded-compat.i686 : MySQL embedded compat library
mysql-community-embedded-compat.x86_64 : MySQL embedded compat library
mysql-community-embedded-devel.i686 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-community-embedded-devel.x86_64 : Development header files and libraries for MySQL as an embeddable library
mysql-community-libs.i686 : Shared libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 : Shared libraries for MySQL database client applications
mysql-community-libs-compat.i686 : Shared compat libraries for MySQL 5.6.25 database client applications
mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 : Shared compat libraries for MySQL 5.6.37 database client applications
mysql-community-release.noarch : MySQL repository configuration for yum
mysql-community-server.x86_64 : A very fast and reliable SQL database server
mysql-community-test.x86_64 : Test suite for the MySQL database server
名称和简介匹配 only，使用“search all”试试。
- 安装
[root@localhost opt]# yum -y install mysql-community-server.x86_64
已加载插件：fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.aliyun.com
* extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-server.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.27-1.el7，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-client.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9，它被软件包 mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-common.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mariadb-libs.x86_64.1.5.5.56-2.el7 将被 取代
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)，它被软件包 perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 perl-DBD-MySQL-4.023-6.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit)，它被软件包 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 舍弃
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64.0.5.7.27-1.el7 将被 舍弃
---> 软件包 postfix.x86_64.2.2.10.1-6.el7 将被 升级
---> 软件包 postfix.x86_64.2.2.10.1-7.el7 将被 更新
--> 解决依赖关系完成
依赖关系解决
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package 架构 版本 源 大小
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.2 M
替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
mysql-community-libs-compat x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 2.0 M
替换 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 165 M
为依赖而安装:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 24 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.27-1.el7 mysql57-community 275 k
为依赖而更新:
postfix x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7 base 2.4 M
事务概要
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
安装 3 软件包 (+2 依赖软件包)
升级 ( 1 依赖软件包)
总下载量：197 M
Downloading packages:
Delta RPMs disabled because /usr/bin/applydeltarpm not installed.
警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql57-community/packages/mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY ] 243 kB/s | 261 kB 00:13:46 ETA
mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(1/6): mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 275 kB 00:00:01
(2/6): mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.2 MB 00:00:03
(3/6): mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.0 MB 00:00:03
(4/6): mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 24 MB 00:00:13
(5/6): postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.4 MB 00:00:10
(6/6): mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 165 MB 00:02:11
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计 1.4 MB/s | 197 MB 00:02:20
从 file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
用户ID : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"
指纹 : a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5
软件包 : mysql57-community-release-el7-8.noarch (installed)
来自 : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
正在安装 : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 1/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 2/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 3/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 4/8
正在安装 : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 5/8
正在更新 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 6/8
清理 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 7/8
正在删除 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 8/8
验证中 : mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 1/8
验证中 : mysql-community-common-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 2/8
验证中 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-7.el7.x86_64 3/8
验证中 : mysql-community-server-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 4/8
验证中 : mysql-community-client-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 5/8
验证中 : mysql-community-libs-5.7.27-1.el7.x86_64 6/8
验证中 : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 7/8
验证中 : 2:postfix-2.10.1-6.el7.x86_64 8/8
已安装:
mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7
作为依赖被安装:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.27-1.el7
作为依赖被升级:
postfix.x86_64 2:2.10.1-7.el7
替代:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.56-2.el7
完毕！
4. 启动 mysql 服务
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl start mysqld.service
5.查看启动结果
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl status mysqld.service
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 三 2019-09-18 14:52:47 CST; 6s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 29507 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 29429 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 29510 (mysqld)
Tasks: 27
Memory: 324.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─29510 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
9月 18 14:52:40 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
9月 18 14:52:47 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
[root@localhost opt]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep 'password'
2019-09-18T06:52:43.864287Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: MZssaq?zI2sD
6.登录数据库
这里注意一点，MySQL5.7.6 之后会在启动 mysql 进程的时候生成一个用户密码，首次登陆需要这个密码才行。密码保存在 mysql 进程的日志里，即(/var/log/mysqld.log)
查看登陆密码
[root@localhost opt]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep 'password'
2019-09-18T06:52:43.864287Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: MZssaq?zI2sD
登录操作
[root@localhost opt]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.27
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
7.修改root密码
但是如果想正常使用还需要修改密码，这里我们注意设置密码 长度要大于8，同时要有数字，大小写，特殊字符。
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'root';
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '!@#Yanbo19961996';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
以上安装步骤借鉴了 https://my.oschina.net/Laily/blog/713023 这篇文章。谢谢该作者。
8.允许远程连接mysql
安装完成后，我们通过本地(windows)使用navicat连接mysql，报错：
远程连接MYSQL提示Host is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
解决方法： https://blog.csdn.net/ei__nino/article/details/25069391
1。 改表法。可能是你的帐号不允许从远程登陆，只能在localhost。这个时候只要在localhost的那台电脑，登入mysql后，更改 “mysql” 数据库里的 “user” 表里的 “host” 项，从"localhost"改称"%"
mysql -u root -pvmwaremysql>use mysql;
mysql>update user set host = ‘%’ where user = ‘root’;
mysql>select host, user from user;
- 授权法。例如，你想myuser使用mypassword从任何主机连接到mysql服务器的话。
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘myuser’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘mypassword’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
如果你想允许用户myuser从ip为192.168.1.3的主机连接到mysql服务器，并使用mypassword作为密码
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘root’@‘192.168.1.3’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘mypassword’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO ‘root’@‘192.168.1.3’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘1235’ WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql>flush privileges; 这句一定要加上！！！
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