django项目实例精解（3）利用高级特性完善博客程序

第二章内容：
利用django发送邮件
创建表单并在视图中加以处理
从模型中创建表单
整合第三方应用程序
构建复杂的QuerySet

2.1通过电子邮件共享帖子

针对帖子的邮件发送功能，需要执行以下操作：

1. 创建用户表单，并填写名字，邮件，收件人，可选的备注功能。
2. 在views.py文件中创建视图，并处理数据以及发送邮件.
3. 在blog应用程序的urls.py文件中，针对新视图添加url路径。
4. ’ 创建模板并显示表单。

django自带基类：Form,ModelForm
在blog目录下创建forms.py

from django import forms

class EmailPostForm(forms.Form):
    name = forms.CharField(max_length=25)
    email = forms.EmailField()
    to = forms.EmailField()
    comments = forms.CharField(required=False, widget=forms.Textarea)
    

setting中配置邮件参数：

# 发送邮件配置
EMAIL_BACKEND = 'django.core.mail.backends.smtp.EmailBackend'
# smpt服务地址
EMAIL_HOST = 'smtp.qq.com'
EMAIL_PORT = 25   # 端口默认都是25不需要修改
# 发送邮件的邮箱，需要配置开通SMTP
EMAIL_HOST_USER = 'xxx@qq.com'
# 在邮箱中设置的客户端授权密码
EMAIL_HOST_PASSWORD = 'xxx'
# 收件人看到的发件人
EMAIL_FROM = '带签名的<xxx@qq.com>'

views.py中处理表单:

def post_share(request, post_id):
    post = get_object_or_404(Post, id=post_id, status='published')
    sent = False
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form = EmailPostForm(request.POST)
        if form.is_valid():
            cd = form.cleaned_data
            post_url = request.build_absolute_uri(post.get_absolute_url())
            subject = '{} ({}) recommends you reading"{}"'.format(cd['name'], cd['email'], post.title)
            message = 'Read "{}" at {}\n\n{}\'s comments:{}'.format(post.title, post_url, cd['name'], cd['comments'])
            send_mail(subject, message, 'xxx@qq.com', [cd['to']])
            sent = True
    else:
        form = EmailPostForm()
    return render(request, 'blog/post/share.html', {
   "post": post, "form": form, 'sent': sent})

配置blog/urls.py:

path('<int:post_id>/share/', views.post_share, name='post_share'),

在blog/templates/blog/post 创建新文件，share.html,添加下面代码：

{
   % extends "blog/base.html" %}
{
   % block title %}share a post {
   % endblock %}
{
   % block content %}
{
   % if sent %}
<h1>E-mail successfully sent</h1>
<p>
    "{
   { post.title }}" was successfully sent to {
   {
    form.cleaned_data.to }}.
</p>
{
   % else %}
<h1>Share"{
   { post.title }}"by e-mail</h1>
<form action="." method=