用户输入和while循环

一、函数input的工作原理
1.基本原理

(1).函数input()接受一个参数:即要向用户显示的提示或说明，让用户知道该怎么做。
注：如果使用的是python2.7，应使用raw_input()函数来提示用户进行输入。
(2).使用函数int()，可将python输入(字符串)转换为数值。

二、while循环简介
1.使用while循环

current_number=1
while(current_number<=5):
    print(current_number)
    current_number+=1

结果为：

1
2
3
4
5

2.使用标志

prompt="\nTell me something,and I will repeat it back to you:"
prompt+="\nEnter 'quit' to end the program."
active=True
while active:
    message=input(prompt)
    if message=='quit':
        active=False
    else:
        print(message)

3.使用break退出循环
4.在循环中使用continue
5.避免无限循环
6.使用while循环来处理列表和字典
1).for循环是一种遍历列表的有效方式，但在for循环中不应再修改列表。
2).删除包含特定值的所有列表元素

pets=['dog','cat','dog','goldfish','cat','rabbit','cat']
print(pets)
while 'cat' in pets:
    pets.remove('cat')
print(pets)

结果为：

['dog', 'cat', 'dog', 'goldfish', 'cat', 'rabbit', 'cat']
['dog', 'dog', 'goldfish', 'rabbit']

7.使用用户输入来填充字典

responses={}
#设置标志，指出调查是否继续
polling_active=True
while polling_active:
    #提示输入被调查者的名字和回答
    name=input("\nWhat is your name?")
    response=input("Which mountain would you like to climb someday?")
    
    #将答案存储在字典中
    responses[name]=response
    
    #看看是否还有人需要参与调整
    repeat=input("Would you like to let another person response?(yes/no)")
    if repeat=='no':
        polling_active=False
#调查结束，显示结果
print("\n--polling Results--")
for name,response in responses.items():
    print(name+" would like to climb "+response +".")

结果为：

What is your name?"Eric"
Which mountain would you like to climb someday?"Denali"
Would you like to let another person response?(yes/no)"yes"

What is your name?"Lynn"
Which mountain would you like to climb someday?"Thumb"
Would you like to let another person response?(yes/no)"no"

--polling Results--
Lynn would like to climb Thumb.
Eric would like to climb Denali.