Java 指定A B C 三个线程顺序执行

多个线程顺序执行

日常总结都在github，大家可以看一下： https://github.com/nocoders/java-everything.git,本文示例代码在src.main.test.com.javaEverything.java.concurrent目录下

今天面试遇到这个问题,A、B、C三个线程，如何让他们按照顺序执行。当时没想起来怎么说，后来百度了下，发现实现有好几种方式，可以使用Thread.join()、使用ReentrantLock、使用Semaphore。

Thread.join()

Thread.join()：阻塞当前线程，直到执行线程执行结束。

定义三个线程，A线程直接start，B线程要等A线程执行结束才能执行，C线程要等A B线程执行结束才能执行。

示例代码

@Test
public void threadSortJoin() {
	Thread A = new Thread(() -> {
		System.out.println("Thread A run");
	});
	Thread B = new Thread(() -> {
		try {
			A.join();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

		System.out.println("Thread B run");
	});
	Thread C = new Thread(() -> {
		try {
			A.join();
			B.join();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("Thread C run");
	});

	A.start();
	B.start();
	C.start();
}

Semaphore

Semaphore相关见参考链接2,给线程B、C定义两个信号量为0的Semaphore，A线程中执行完毕释放B线程对应的信号量，B线程执行完毕释放C线程的信号量。

示例代码

@Test
public void threadSortSemaphore() {
	 Semaphore sb = new Semaphore(0);
	 Semaphore sc = new Semaphore(0);
	 Thread A = new Thread(()->{
		 System.out.println("Thread A run");
		 sb.release();
	 });
	 Thread B = new Thread(()->{
		 try {
			 sb.acquire();
		 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
			 e.printStackTrace();
		 }
		 System.out.println("Thread B run");
		 sc.release();
	 });
	Thread C = new Thread(() -> {
		try {
			sc.acquire();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		System.out.println("Thread C run");
	});
	A.start();
	B.start();
	C.start();
}

ReentrantLock

定义一个number指定线程执行顺序，定义三个condition，number等于几，唤醒第几个线程执行。

@Test
	public void threadSortReentrantLock() {
		ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
		Condition conditionA = lock.newCondition();
		Condition conditionB = lock.newCondition();
		Condition conditionC = lock.newCondition();
		AtomicInteger number = new AtomicInteger(1);
		Thread A = new Thread(() -> {
			System.out.println(1);
			lock.lock();
			try {
				while (number.get() != 1) {
					conditionA.await();
				}
				System.out.println("Thread A run");
				number.set(2);
				conditionB.signal();

			} catch (Exception e) {
			} finally {
				lock.unlock();
			}
		});
		Thread B = new Thread(() -> {
			System.out.println(2);
			lock.lock();
			try {
				while (number.get() != 2) {
					conditionB.await();
				}
				System.out.println("Thread B run");
				number.set(3);
				conditionC.signal();

			} catch (Exception e) {
			} finally {
				lock.unlock();
			}
		});
		Thread C = new Thread(() -> {
			System.out.println(3);
			while (number.get()!=2){
				
			}
			lock.lock();
			try {
				while (number.get() != 3) {
					conditionC.await();
				}
				System.out.println("Thread C run");
				number.set(1);
				conditionA.signal();

			} catch (Exception e) {
			}finally {
				lock.unlock();
			}
		});
		
		A.start();
		B.start();
		C.start();
	}

参考链接

1. 多线程中Thread的join方法
2. Semaphore 使用及原理
3. JAVA实现多个线程顺序执行的几种方式
4. [让线程按顺序执行8种方法](