tf.keras高层API自定义网络模板 (五) ---非常重要！！！

自定义网络模板+模型保存

一、tf.keras.Layer类

自定义网络层
__init__，可以在其中 执行所有与输入无关的初始化
build方法，若知道输入张量的形状，并可以进行其余的初始化
call方法，在这里进行正向传播计算

在build()中创建网络结构是它可以根据图层将要操作的输入的形状启用后期的网络构建。但在__init__中创建变量，必须明确指定创建变量所需的形状。

class MyDense(layers.Layer):

	def __init__(self, inp_dim, outp_dim): # 参数：输入输出维度
		super(MyDense, self).__init__()    # 参数：与定义层的名字相对应
		# 自己定义的结构参数
		self.kernel = self.add_weight('w', [inp_dim, outp_dim])
		self.bias = self.add_weight('b', [outp_dim])

	def call(self, inputs, training=None):
		# 设置前向传播的连接方式
		out = inputs @ self.kernel + self.bias

		return out 

二、tf.keras.Model类

*创建一个包含多个网络层（tf.keras.Layer）的的结构。一般网络模型都是通过叠加不同的结构层组合而成的（比如卷积层、标准化层、残差连接等）。

class MyModel(keras.Model):

	def __init__(self):
		super(MyModel, self).__init__()
		# 初始化 不同的卷积层 layer
		self.fc1 = MyDense(28*28, 256)
		self.fc2 = MyDense(256, 128)
		self.fc3 = MyDense(128, 64)
		self.fc4 = MyDense(64, 32)
		self.fc5 = MyDense(32, 10)

	def call(self, inputs, training=None):
		# layer1
		x = self.fc1(inputs)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		# layer2
		x = self.fc2(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		# layer3
		x = self.fc3(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		# layer4
		x = self.fc4(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		# layer5
		x = self.fc5(x) 

		return x

network = MyModel()  # 实例化

三、代码

import  tensorflow as tf
from    tensorflow.keras import datasets, layers, optimizers, Sequential, metrics
from 	tensorflow import keras

def preprocess(x, y):
    """
    x is a simple image, not a batch
    """
    x = tf.cast(x, dtype=tf.float32) / 255.
    x = tf.reshape(x, [28*28])
    y = tf.cast(y, dtype=tf.int32)
    y = tf.one_hot(y, depth=10)
    return x,y


batchsz = 128
(x, y), (x_val, y_val) = datasets.mnist.load_data()
print('datasets:', x.shape, y.shape, x.min(), x.max())



db = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x,y))
db = db.map(preprocess).shuffle(60000).batch(batchsz)
ds_val = tf.data.Dataset.from_tensor_slices((x_val, y_val))
ds_val = ds_val.map(preprocess).batch(batchsz) 

sample = next(iter(db))
print(sample[0].shape, sample[1].shape)


network = Sequential([layers.Dense(256, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(32, activation='relu'),
                     layers.Dense(10)])
network.build(input_shape=(None, 28*28))
network.summary()


class MyDense(layers.Layer):

	def __init__(self, inp_dim, outp_dim):
		super(MyDense, self).__init__()

		self.kernel = self.add_weight('w', [inp_dim, outp_dim])
		self.bias = self.add_weight('b', [outp_dim])

	def call(self, inputs, training=None):

		out = inputs @ self.kernel + self.bias

		return out 

class MyModel(keras.Model):

	def __init__(self):
		super(MyModel, self).__init__()

		self.fc1 = MyDense(28*28, 256)
		self.fc2 = MyDense(256, 128)
		self.fc3 = MyDense(128, 64)
		self.fc4 = MyDense(64, 32)
		self.fc5 = MyDense(32, 10)

	def call(self, inputs, training=None):

		x = self.fc1(inputs)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc2(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc3(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc4(x)
		x = tf.nn.relu(x)
		x = self.fc5(x) 

		return x


network = MyModel()


network.compile(optimizer=optimizers.Adam(lr=0.01),
		loss=tf.losses.CategoricalCrossentropy(from_logits=True),
		metrics=['accuracy']
	)

network.fit(db, epochs=5, validation_data=ds_val,
              validation_freq=2)
 
network.evaluate(ds_val)

sample = next(iter(ds_val))
x = sample[0]
y = sample[1] # one-hot
pred = network.predict(x) # [b, 10]
# convert back to number 
y = tf.argmax(y, axis=1)
pred = tf.argmax(pred, axis=1)

print(pred)
print(y)