Java读源码之Netty深入剖析----4.NioEventLoop

Java读源码之Netty深入剖析----4.NioEventLoop

分析Netty reactor线程处理过程，包括事件监听，事件处理，常规任务处理和定时任务处理

4-1 NioEventLoop概述
4-2 NioEventLoop创建概述
4-3 ThreadPerTaskThread
4-4 创建NioEventLoop线程
4-5 创建线程选择器
4-6 NioEventLoop的启动
4-7 NioEventLoop执行概述
4-8 检测IO事件
4-9 处理IO事件
4-10 -reactor线程任务的执行
4-11 -NioEventLoop总结

 

netty源码阅读之NioEventLoop

 

 

初始阅读源码的时候，晦涩难懂，枯燥无味，一段时间之后就会觉得豁然开朗，被源码的魅力深深折服。

接下去要阅读的是netty的一个重要组件，NioEventLoop。

将会分为以下几点分析。

一、NioEventLoop源码

1、NioEventLoop创建

2、NioEventLoop启动

3、NioEventLoop执行逻辑

二、回答如下问题：

1、默认情况下，netty服务器启动多少个线程？何时启动？

2、netty是如何解决jdk空轮询的bug的？

3、netty如何保证异步串行无锁化？

 

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

netty源码阅读之NioEventLoop之NioEventLoop创建

从new NioEventLoopGroup()进入分析NioEventLoop创建，创建分为以下几个过程：

1、创建线程创建器：new ThreadPerTaskExecutor()

2、构造NioEventLoop：for{newChild()}

3、创建线程选择器：chooserFactory.newChooser()

从new NioEventLoopGroup()进入，一层层进入，会有下面一段代码：

        protected MultithreadEventExecutorGroup(int nThreads, Executor executor,
                                                EventExecutorChooserFactory chooserFactory, Object... args) {
            ...
            if (executor == null) {
                executor = new ThreadPerTaskExecutor(newDefaultThreadFactory());
            }
     
            children = new EventExecutor[nThreads];
     
            for (int i = 0; i < nThreads; i ++) {
                boolean success = false;
                try {
                    children[i] = newChild(executor, args);
                    success = true;
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // TODO: Think about if this is a good exception type
                    throw new IllegalStateException("failed to create a child event loop", e);
                } finally {
                    ...
            }
     
            chooser = chooserFactory.newChooser(children);
            ...
        }

 这就是刚刚说的三个过程，我们一步步分析

 
一、创建线程创建器：new ThreadPerTaskExecutor()

1、每次执行任务都会创建一个线程实体

2、NioEventLoop线程的命名规则nioEventLoop-(第几个线程池)-(这个线程池的第几个线程)

 

从new NioEventLoopGroup()进入，一层层进入，看到如下：

       public NioEventLoopGroup(int nThreads, Executor executor) {
            this(nThreads, executor, SelectorProvider.provider());
        }

也就是，每个NioEventLoopGroup都会有一个selector，从这里创建。

 

继续进去，有如下代码：

     protected MultithreadEventLoopGroup(int nThreads, Executor executor, Object... args) {
            super(nThreads == 0 ? DEFAULT_EVENT_LOOP_THREADS : nThreads, executor, args);
        }

如果没有定义线程数量，也就是为0的时候，就使用DEFAULT_EVENT_LOOP_THREADS，它的定义为：

       private static final int DEFAULT_EVENT_LOOP_THREADS;
     
        static {
            DEFAULT_EVENT_LOOP_THREADS = Math.max(1, SystemPropertyUtil.getInt(
                    "io.netty.eventLoopThreads", Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors() * 2));
     
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                logger.debug("-Dio.netty.eventLoopThreads: {}", DEFAULT_EVENT_LOOP_THREADS);
            }
        }

默认为系统线程数的两倍。

 

然后，继续进入，来到我们最开始分析的：

           if (executor == null) {
                executor = new ThreadPerTaskExecutor(newDefaultThreadFactory());
            }

查看这个new ThreadPerTaskExecutor()的定义

    public final class ThreadPerTaskExecutor implements Executor {
        private final ThreadFactory threadFactory;
     
        public ThreadPerTaskExecutor(ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
            if (threadFactory == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("threadFactory");
            }
            this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
        }
     
        @Override
        public void execute(Runnable command) {
            threadFactory.newThread(command).start();
        }
    }

就是传进去一个ThreadFacotory，通过这个threadFactory产生线程。

回答我们之前的一个问题：NioEventLoop什么时候创建线程，在执行ThreadPerTaskExecutor这个execute方法的时候，把一个Runnable传进去创建线程。也就是每次执行任务的时候，创建一个线程实体。

 

回到newDefaultThreadFactory()，查看实现，可以知道上面一步的threadFactory就是DefaultThreadFactory，在里面，有一个

    public DefaultThreadFactory(Class<?> poolType, boolean daemon, int priority) {
            this(toPoolName(poolType), daemon, priority);
        }

toPoolName(poolType),他的实现就是：

        public static String toPoolName(Class<?> poolType) {
            if (poolType == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("poolType");
            }
     
            String poolName = StringUtil.simpleClassName(poolType);
            switch (poolName.length()) {
                case 0:
                    return "unknown";
                case 1:
                    return poolName.toLowerCase(Locale.US);
                default:
                    if (Character.isUpperCase(poolName.charAt(0)) && Character.isLowerCase(poolName.charAt(1))) {
                        return Character.toLowerCase(poolName.charAt(0)) + poolName.substring(1);
                    } else {
                        return poolName;
                    }
            }
        }

返回其实就是nioEventLoop，因为poolType是NioEventLoop。

一层层点，查看到另外一个构造函数：

     public DefaultThreadFactory(String poolName, boolean daemon, int priority, ThreadGroup threadGroup) {
            if (poolName == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("poolName");
            }
            if (priority < Thread.MIN_PRIORITY || priority > Thread.MAX_PRIORITY) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "priority: " + priority + " (expected: Thread.MIN_PRIORITY <= priority <= Thread.MAX_PRIORITY)");
            }
     
            prefix = poolName + '-' + poolId.incrementAndGet() + '-';
            this.daemon = daemon;
            this.priority = priority;
            this.threadGroup = threadGroup;
        }

添加了两个连接符，并把当前线程池的id获取到并且加一了。所以在这个类实现newThread这里,线程的名称就出来了：

        @Override
        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            Thread t = newThread(new DefaultRunnableDecorator(r), prefix + nextId.incrementAndGet());
            ...
            return t;
        }

至于它的线程，就是这个自定义的FastThreadLocalThread：

     protected Thread newThread(Runnable r, String name) {
            return new FastThreadLocalThread(threadGroup, r, name);
        }

 
二、构造NioEventLoop：for{newChild()}

这一步做了三件事情：

1、保存上面创建的线程执行器ThreadPerTaskExecutor

2、创建一个MpscQueue

3、创建一个selector

首先我们看一个类图：

 

newChild出来的就是NioEventLoop，它继承自SingleThreadEventExecutor：

       protected SingleThreadEventExecutor(EventExecutorGroup parent, Executor executor,
                                            boolean addTaskWakesUp, int maxPendingTasks,
                                            RejectedExecutionHandler rejectedHandler) {
            super(parent);
            this.addTaskWakesUp = addTaskWakesUp;
            this.maxPendingTasks = Math.max(16, maxPendingTasks);
            this.executor = ObjectUtil.checkNotNull(executor, "executor");
            taskQueue = newTaskQueue(this.maxPendingTasks);
            rejectedExecutionHandler = ObjectUtil.checkNotNull(rejectedHandler, "rejectedHandler");
        }

在这里，它把刚刚传经来的executor绑定进去了。

然后，newTaskQueue创建的是mpscQueue：

    @Override
        protected Queue<Runnable> newTaskQueue(int maxPendingTasks) {
            // This event loop never calls takeTask()
            return PlatformDependent.newMpscQueue(maxPendingTasks);
        }

看看定义：

       /**
         * Create a new {@link Queue} which is safe to use for multiple producers (different threads) and a single
         * consumer (one thread!).
         */
        public static <T> Queue<T> newMpscQueue(final int maxCapacity) {
            return Mpsc.newMpscQueue(maxCapacity);
        }

也就是，一个消费者多个生产者。

 

另外创造selector是在这里实现的：

       NioEventLoop(NioEventLoopGroup parent, Executor executor, SelectorProvider selectorProvider,
                     SelectStrategy strategy, RejectedExecutionHandler rejectedExecutionHandler) {
            super(parent, executor, false, DEFAULT_MAX_PENDING_TASKS, rejectedExecutionHandler);
            if (selectorProvider == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("selectorProvider");
            }
            if (strategy == null) {
                throw new NullPointerException("selectStrategy");
            }
            provider = selectorProvider;
            selector = openSelector();
            selectStrategy = strategy;
        }

 
三、创建线程选择器：chooserFactory.newChooser()

这里面对线程的轮询采用了优化的方式

isPowerOfTwo()判断是否是2的幂

1、是

采用PowerOfTwoEventExecutorChooser（优化点）,轮询的方式：

index++&(lenght-1)

2、不是

GenericEventExecutorChooser(),轮询的方式：

abs(index++%length)

直接贴代码看好了：

    public final class DefaultEventExecutorChooserFactory implements EventExecutorChooserFactory {
     
        public static final DefaultEventExecutorChooserFactory INSTANCE = new DefaultEventExecutorChooserFactory();
     
        private DefaultEventExecutorChooserFactory() { }
     
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        @Override
        public EventExecutorChooser newChooser(EventExecutor[] executors) {
            if (isPowerOfTwo(executors.length)) {
                return new PowerOfTowEventExecutorChooser(executors);
            } else {
                return new GenericEventExecutorChooser(ex