hibernate第一堂课

搭建一个hibernate框架的步骤

1. 安装jdk 我选择安装jdk 1.8。 安装之后配置环境变量JAVA_HOME PATH
2. 下载hibernate的jar包，这里我选择了hibernate 5.2.10
3. 下载并安装mysql，idea。
4. 新建一个java项目，在idea中选择Java->Web Application->Hibernate 下一步后点击Finish建立项目
5. 建立数据库

create table 'user'(
 id int auto_increament not null,
 username varchar(20),
 password varchar(20),
 primary key(id)
)

6.连接数据库，自动生成实体类
实体类User如下：

package com.dixin.po;

import javax.persistence.Basic;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;

/**
 * Created by admin on 2018/5/8.
 */
@Entity
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String username;
    private String password;

    @Id
    @Column(name = "id")
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    @Basic
    @Column(name = "username")
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    @Basic
    @Column(name = "password")
    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        User user = (User) o;

        if (id != user.id) return false;
        if (username != null ? !username.equals(user.username) : user.username != null) return false;
        if (password != null ? !password.equals(user.password) : user.password != null) return false;

        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public int hashCode() {
        int result = id;
        result = 31 * result + (username != null ? username.hashCode() : 0);
        result = 31 * result + (password != null ? password.hashCode() : 0);
        return result;
    }
}

实体类与数据库对应关系文件 User.hbm.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>

    <class name="com.dixin.po.User" table="user" schema="project1">
        <id name="id" column="id">
            <generator class="native"/>
            <!--主键生成方式按照数据库里来-->
        </id>
        <property name="username" column="username"/>
        <property name="password" column="password"/>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

6.配置hibernate.cfg.xml文件
这里我只是想尽量表示全一些，实际中可以因需要删减

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
    "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
    "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
    <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</property>
    <property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/project1?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8</property>
    <property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
    <property name="show_sql">true</property>
    <property name="format_sql">true</property>
    <property name="connection.username">root</property>
    <property name="connection.password">root</property>

    <!--配置c3p0连接池-->
    <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_class">
      org.hibernate.c3p0.internal.C3P0ConnectionProvider
    </property>
    <!--二级缓存EHCathe的Provider类-->
    <property name="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">
      org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory
    </property>
    <!--启用查询缓存,以缓存使用find(),list(),Iterator()等方法获得的查询结果集-->
    <property name="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">true</property>
    <property name="hibernate.cache.provider_configuration_file_resource_path">clssspath:ehcache.xml</property>
    <property name="hibernate.cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property>

    <mapping class="com.dixin.po.User"/>
    <mapping resource="com/dixin/po/User.hbm.xml"/>
    <!-- DB schema will be updated if needed -->
    <!-- <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> -->
  </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

使用Hibernate的7个步骤

1. 读取配置文件
2. 创建SessionFactory
3. 打开Session
4. 开始一个事务
5. 持久化操作
6. 提交事务
7. 关闭Session

具体代码如下：

package com.dixin.dao;

import com.dixin.po.User;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

/**
 * Created by admin on 2018/5/8.
 */
public class UserDao {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Configuration configuration=new Configuration().configure();//1读取配置文件
        SessionFactory sessionFactory=configuration.buildSessionFactory();//2创建SessionFactory
        Session session=sessionFactory.openSession();//3打开Session
        Transaction transaction=null;
        try {
            transaction=session.beginTransaction();//4开始一个事务
            //5持久化操作
            User user=new User();
            user.setUsername("张三");
            user.setPassword("123321");
            session.save(user);
            transaction.commit();//6提交事务
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if(transaction!=null) {
                transaction.rollback();
            }
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if(session!=null) {
                session.close();//7关闭Session
            }
        }
    }
}