常用激活函数及其导数:
sigmoid
y = 1/ (1 + e^(-x))
y' = y(1-y)
tanh
y = {e^z - e^(-z)} / {e^z +e^(-z)}
y' = 1- y^2
relu
y = max(0,x)
y' = 1 if x>0 ;y' = 0 if x <0;
leaky relu
y = max(0.01*x,x)
y' = 1 if x>0 ;y' = 0.01 if x <0;
如果激活函数是线性激活函数(比如 :y = kx,k = [0 1 2..]),则结果的预期函数也是线性的,相当于线性拟合。
z1 = w1*x +b
z2 = w2*z1 +b = w2 *(w1*x +b) +b
= w2*w1*x +(w2b + b)