Centos 安装升级Python3.7.9

以下步骤建议在 root模式下。

1. 安装weget

yum -y install wget

2. 下载python3.7.9安装包

mkdir /home/python_install
cd /home/python_install
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.9/Python-3.7.9.tgz

3. 安装环境依赖

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make libffi-devel

3.1安装Openssl

这一步视情况而定，Python介绍在文档中说到需OpenSSL需要1.0.2或者1.1.x

Currently Python versions 3.6 to 3.9 are compatible with OpenSSL 1.0.2, 1.1.0, and 1.1.1.

如果以后需要安装飞浆（PaddleOCR ）建议把Openssl升级成openssl-1.1.1

1. 下载Openssl
   wget https://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.1.1q.tar.gz
2. 解压：
   tar -zxvf openssl-1.1.1q.tar.gz
3. 编译安装
   cd openssl-1.1.1q
   ./config --prefix=/usr/local/openssl
   make && make install

配置openssl：

1. 备份原始配置
   mv /usr/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl.bak
   mv /usr/include/openssl/ /usr/include/openssl.bak
2. 将安装好的openssl 的openssl命令软连接到/usr/bin/openssl
   ln -s /usr/local/my_openssl/bin/openssl /usr/bin/openssl
   ln -s /usr/local/my_openssl/lib/libssl.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/
   ln -s /usr/local/my_openssl/lib/libcrypto.so.1.1 /usr/lib64/
3. 将软链接写入openssl库文件的搜索路径
   echo “/usr/local/openssl/lib” >> /etc/ld.so.conf
   ldconfig -v #使修改后的/etc/ld.so.conf生效
4. 查看版本
   openssl version
   OpenSSL 1.1.1q 5 Jul 2022

/etc/ld.so.conf 这个文件记录了编译时使用的动态链接库的路径，告诉链接器去哪个路径下寻找链接时需要用到的库，如果找不到，就会提示链接错误。

4. 解压Python3.7.9安装包,并进入Python3.7.9文件夹

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.9.tgz
cd Python3.7.9

6. 编译文件生成Makefile

编译文件生成makefile，这makefile就是用来编译且安装的，–prefix 指定软件的安装路径, 当前指定为/opt/python37/目录
./configure --prefix=/opt/python37/ --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl

如果遇到If you want a release build with all stable optimizations active (PGO, etc), please run ./configure --enable-optimizations
执行./configure --prefix=/opt/python37/ --with-openssl=/usr/local/openssl --enable-optimizations

7. 编译安装

make
make install
执行时间比较长，等待。。。。

8. 配置环境变量，添加python3

vi /etc/profile
添加以下内容：PATH=/opt/python37/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

添加软连接
ln -s /opt/python37/bin/python3.7 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /opt/python37/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip3

9. 重载更新配置文件

source /etc/profile

10. 测试是否成功

python3

参考博客：

1. https://blog.csdn.net/carooo/article/details/111991974
2. https://www.cnblogs.com/handsomehuo/p/16626794.html
3. https://blog.csdn.net/fjsupermouse/article/details/131004244