SSM三大框架的整合

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-14 14:54:12 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-14 14:54:12 发布

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分类专栏： java SSM 文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36834254/article/details/103470018

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本文详细介绍了Spring、SpringMVC和MyBatis三大框架的整合过程，包括搭建环境、配置文件编写、Maven依赖管理及整合测试。通过具体示例，如用户注册表单处理，展示了如何在实际项目中运用SSM框架。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

在刚接触SSM的时候觉得，这些配置好多啊，好麻烦啊，要是可以基本不用配置，直接开始就好了，然后发现了springboot，发现它正好满足我懒的特性，不对，我们的目的是为了简化开发。那好，今天我们来重新认识一下SSM的整合。~~很长时间没用了，感觉自己已经遗忘，所以回来做一下笔记~~

前期准备

在进行三大框架的整合之前，首先我们先创建好一个简单的user表

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `username` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `password` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `phone` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

在这里我使用maven来管理jar包，并创建好目录结构
在这里插入图片描述
在pom.xml文件下导入所需要的坐标

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.jinhao</groupId>
    <artifactId>SSM-Demo1</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <name>SSM-Demo1 Maven Webapp</name>
    <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--单元测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--日志处理-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0-alpha1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0-alpha1</version>
        </dependency>


        <!--mysql数据库连接-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.18</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--数据库连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring核心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring Dao层-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring提供对事务的支持-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.2.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <finalName>SSM-Demo1</finalName>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.1.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.8.0</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.22.1</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.2.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5.2</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.8.2</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

注意：在进行三大框架的配置时，首先配置spring，然后用spring去整合另外两大框架，同时在整合之前需要先保证每个框架的配置均已配置好，可以先进行测试，测试后无问题再进行整合，这样可以减少整合时错误的产生

spring的配置

在resources目录下创建一个ApplicationContext.xml文件，用来配置spring

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.jinhao">
        <!--不扫描controller注解-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
</beans>

springmvc的配置

在resources下创建一个springmvc.xml文件，用来配置springmvc

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--配置springmvc要扫描的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.jinhao">
        <!--只扫描controller注解的类-->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!--配置视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--开启注解支持-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
 </beans>

在web.xml下配置springmvc

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         id="WebApp_ID">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <!--配置spring mvc的核心控制器-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <!--配置初始化参数，读取springmvc的配置文件-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc/springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--配置servlet对象创建时间点，应用加载时创建，取值只能是非0正整数，表示启动顺序-->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!--配置springmvc编码过滤器-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <!--设置过滤器中的属性值-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!--启动过滤器-->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <!--过滤所有请求-->
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

spring和springmvc的整合

spring和springmvc的整合主要是在web.xml文件中配置spring的监听器，在启动web容器里自动装配spring的配置信息

<!--配置spring的监听器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!--配置加载类路径的配置文件-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring/ApplicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

mybatis的配置

jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/users?characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mybatis/userMapper.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

经测试后mybatis可用，即可以进行spring和mybatis的整合

spring和mybatis的整合

在ApplicationContext.xml文件中，配置mybatis的数据源，并将mybatis-config.xml文件里的数据源进行注释掉或者删掉。
ApplicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!--开启注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.jinhao">
        <!--不扫描controller注解-->
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!--加载配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <!--配置mybatis的session工厂-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.jinhao.dao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--配置事务管理-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mybatis/userMapper.xml"></mapper>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

这里我编写了一个简单的form表单进行测试三大框架是否整合好。

regist.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>regist</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="submit" method="post">
        用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/><br/>
        密&emsp;码:<input type="password" name="password"/><br/>
        手机号:<input type="text" name="phone"/><br/>
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

User

public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String username;
    private String password;
    private String phone;

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getPhone() {
        return phone;
    }

    public void setPhone(String phone) {
        this.phone = phone;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", username='" + username + '\'' +
                ", password=" + password +
                ", phone='" + phone + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

Controller

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
    @RequestMapping("/regist")
    public String regist(){
        return "regist";
    }
    @RequestMapping(value = "/submit",method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public String submit(User user){
        userService.saveUser(user);
        return "registOK";
    }

}

Service

@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    private UserDao userDao;

    @Override
    public void saveUser(User user) {
        int rows = userDao.saveUser(user);
        if(rows==1)
            System.out.println("保存成功");
    }
}

DAO层

public interface UserDao {

    int saveUser(User user);
}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.jinhao.dao.UserDao">
    <insert id="saveUser" parameterType="com.jinhao.pojo.User">
        insert into user(username,password,phone) values(#{username},#{password},#{phone})
    </insert>
</mapper>

启动tomcat并访问

所有的配置好以后，启动tomcat，然后访问：http://localhost/user/regist
在这里插入图片描述
点击提交按钮

查询数据库可以发现数据已经保存

总结

重新回来从头开始搭三大框架，发现了之前许多没有注意的问题。因为我使用的是mysql8.0的，所以在编写jdbc.properties时，在jdbc.url中一定要写上时区，否则会报SQLException。
在这里插入图片描述
另外想到@Mapper注解，虽然之前有使用，但是一直都不是很了解，查阅后发现是在mybatis3.4.0开始加入的，主要的目的是可以不再写mapper的映射文件。