JAVA 使用反射解析注解

ORM

ORM (Object Relation Mapping) 对象关系映射

将数据库中的表和java中的对象建立映射关系

比如数据库中存在表

id	stuName	age
1001	张小三	23
1002	王一一	34

java语言

public class Student {
    int id;
    String stuName;
    int age;
}

与数据库定义语言映射

CREATE TABLE 'tb_student' (
	id int(11) NOT NOLL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    stuname varchar(20) NOT NULL,
    age int(11) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (id)
) DEFAULT CHARSER=utf8

1. 类与表格结构对应
2. 属性和字段对应
3. 对象和记录对应

使用ORM映射来学习反射取得注解

1. 编写一个User类

   package pers.jssd.entity;
   
   import pers.jssd.annotation.TableField;
   import pers.jssd.annotation.UserTable;
   
   /**
    * 实体类
    *
    * @author jssd
    * Create 2019-07-11 19:47
    */
   @UserTable("t_user")
   public class User {
      @TableField(name = "t_name", type = "varchar", length = 12)
      private String name;
   
      @TableField(name = "t_age", type = "int", length = 3)
      private int age;
   
      @TableField(name = "t_sax", type = "char", length = 2)
      private int sax;
   
      public User() {
      }
   
      public User(String name, int age) {
         this.sax = 1;
         this.name = name;
         this.age = age;
      }
   
      public User(String name) {
         this.name = name;
         this.sax = 1;
      }
   
      public String getName() {
         return name;
      }
   
      public void setName(String name) {
         this.name = name;
      }
   
      public int getAge() {
         return age;
      }
   
      public void setAge(int age) {
         this.age = age;
      }
   
      public int getSax() {
         return sax;
      }
   
      public void setSax(int sax) {
         this.sax = sax;
      }
   
   }
   

2. 编写类的注解

   /**
    * @author jssd
    * Create 2019-07-13 10:48
    */
   @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
   @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
   public @interface UserTable {
      String value();
   }
   

3. 编写字段的注解

   @Target(ElementType.FIELD)
   @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
   public @interface TableField {
      String name();
      String type();
      int length();
   }
   

4. 通过反射解析注解, 并取得java中属性名和数据库表中字段的映射关系

   public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchFieldException {
      Class userClz = User.class;
      // 获取类的注解
      UserTable declaredAnnotation = (UserTable) userClz.getDeclaredAnnotation(UserTable.class);
      // 从类的注解中得到表名
      System.out.println("declaredAnnotation.value() = " + declaredAnnotation.value());
   
      // 获取某个属性的注解
      TableField tableField = (TableField) userClz.getDeclaredField("name").getDeclaredAnnotation(TableField.class);
      System.out.println("tableField = " + tableField);
      System.out.println("tableField.name() = " + tableField.name());
      System.out.println("tableField.type() = " + tableField.type());
      System.out.println("tableField.length() = " + tableField.length());
   }
   

5. 可进行sql语句拼接等操作