搭建ssm项目

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-01 23:06:52 发布

程序小记

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-01 23:06:52 发布

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分类专栏： spring MyBatis spring mvc 文章标签： java mysql xml spring

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36908783/article/details/123314942

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前言

学习web编程的重要一步就是搭建一个完整的ssm项目，即采用spring+spring mvc+mybatis框架完成项目的搭建，从而帮助自己进行crud操作。

搭建步骤

项目搭建我们采用idea完成，选择创建的模版用webapp模式

maven依赖

maven的依赖主要包括spring+spring mvc+mybatis的maven地址，及数据库驱动、单元测试等组件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>com.coderp</groupId>
  <artifactId>ssm</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>ssm Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
<!--    单元测试使用-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet.jsp/javax.servlet.jsp-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--数据库驱动-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.5.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Servlet - JSP -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Mybatis-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>2.0.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--Spring-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>4.3.15.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--Lombok-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>1.16.10</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- Jackson -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.9.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- fastjson -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.62</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
    <!-- build配置resources,防止我们资源导出失败-->
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>false</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>
      <plugins>
          <plugin>
              <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
              <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
              <configuration>
                  <source>8</source>
                  <target>8</target>
              </configuration>
          </plugin>
      </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

配置文件

接着关键的一步就引入配置文件，这一步相对比较繁琐，因此很多人都会出错，这也是spring的一个弊端。我们根据项目启动的流程来进行配置，首先项目启动时，会读取web.xml文件,接着会加载项目总配置文件applicationContext.xml，这里的总配置文件总包括持久层配置文件spring-dao.xml、业务层配置文件spring-service.xml及视图层配置文件spring-mvc.xml

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
         version="3.1"
         metadata-complete="true">

  <!--DispatcherServlet-->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <!--加载总配置文件-->
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!--encodingFilter-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>
      org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
    </filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

spring-dao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 1.关联数据库文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>

    <!-- 2.数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 配置连接池属性 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>

        <!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
        <!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
        <!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
        <!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 3.配置SqlSessionFactory对象 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!-- 配置MyBaties全局配置文件:mybatis-config.xml -->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包，动态实现Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.coderp.dao"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

database.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名称?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=用户名
jdbc.password=密码

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置数据源-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.coderp.beans"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <environments default="mysql">
        <environment id="mysql">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/order?serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8&amp;useSSL=false"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mapper/UserDao.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

spring-service.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 扫描service相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.coderp.service" />

    <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    </bean>
</beans>

spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
   https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
    <!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.coderp.controller" />
</beans>

代码

代码部分主要包括持久层、业务层及表现层三部分

实体bean

package com.coderp.beans;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class User {
    private Integer id;
    private String pin;
    private String name;
    private String password;
}

持久层

持久层配置文件UserDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD MyBatis Generator Configuration 1.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.coderp.dao.UserDao">
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.coderp.beans.User">
        select * from user;
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.coderp.beans.User">
        insert into user (pin, name, password)
            values (#{pin}, #{name}, #{password})
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.coderp.beans.User">
        update user
            set password = #{password}
        where pin = #{pin};
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUserByPin" parameterType="java.lang.String">
        delete
        from user
        where pin = #{pin};
    </delete>
</mapper>

对应的持久层接口UserDao.java

package com.coderp.dao;

import com.coderp.beans.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository
public interface UserDao {

    List<User> findAll();

    int addUser(User user);

    int updateUser(User user);

    int deleteUserByPin(String pin);
}

业务层

业务层接口UserService.java

package com.coderp.service;

import com.coderp.beans.User;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserService {
     List<User> findAll();

     int addUser(User user);
}

业务层实现类UserServiceImpl.java

package com.coderp.service.impl;

import com.coderp.beans.User;
import com.coderp.dao.UserDao;
import com.coderp.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Resource
    private UserDao userDao;
    @Override
    public List<User> findAll() {
        return userDao.findAll();
    }
    @Override
    public int addUser(User user) {
        return userDao.addUser(user);
    }
}

表示层

最后是视图控制层OrderController.java

package com.coderp.controller;

import com.coderp.beans.User;
import com.coderp.service.UserService;
import com.coderp.utils.Result;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @ClassName: OrderController
 * @Date: 2021/12/5 00:17
 * @Description:
 */
@Controller
public class OrderController {
    @Resource
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping("/findAll")
    public String findAll(Model model) {
        System.out.println("执行成功");
        List<User> all = userService.findAll();
        model.addAttribute("user", all);
        return "list";
    }

list.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>user</title>
</head>
<body>
<button name="" value=""></button>
<c:forEach items="${user}" var="user">
    <tr>
        <td>${user.id}</td>
        <td>${user.name}</td>
        <td>${user.pin}</td>
    </tr>
</c:forEach>
</body>
</html>

单元测试

单元测试是程序员的一门基本工，可以在本地检测我们程序功能的完整性

持久层单元测试类UserDaoTest.java

package com.coderp.dao;

import com.coderp.beans.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.management.MemoryManagerMXBean;
import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {

    @Test
    public void findAll() {
        try {
            InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
            SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = builder.build(resourceAsStream);
            SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
            List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
            all.forEach(e->{
                System.out.println(e);
            });
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void addUser() {
        try {
            InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
            SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = builder.build(resourceAsStream);
            SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
            User user = new User();
            user.setPin("123");
            user.setName("jiangpeng");
            user.setPassword("1234");
            mapper.addUser(user);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void updateUser() {
        try {
            InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
            SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = builder.build(resourceAsStream);
            SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
            User user = new User();
            user.setPin("123");
            user.setName("jiangpeng");
            user.setPassword("1234");
            mapper.updateUser(user);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void deleteUserByPin() {
        try {
            InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
            SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
            SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = builder.build(resourceAsStream);
            SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);

            UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
            mapper.deleteUserByPin("123");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

业务层单元测试类UserServiceImplTest.java

package com.coderp.service.impl;

import com.coderp.service.UserService;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:applicationContext.xml" })
public class UserServiceImplTest {
    @Resource
    private UserService userService;
    @Test
    public void findAll() {
        System.out.println(userService.findAll());
    }

总结

ssm项目是我们web编程的第一步，其包含了基本的三层结构，即dao持久层、业务层、表示层，具体解释如下：

dao持久层：主要是对原始数据（数据库或者文本文件等存放数据的形式）的操作层，而不是指原始数据，也就是说，是对数据的操作，而不是数据库，具体为业务逻辑层或表示层提供数据服务．
业务层：(service)主要是针对具体的问题的操作，也可以理解成对数据层的操作，对数据业务逻辑处理，如果说数据层是积木，那逻辑层就是对这些积木的搭建。具体的讲主要负责对数据层的操作。也就是说把一些数据层的操作进行组合。
表示层：(web)主要表示WEB方式，如果逻辑层相当强大和完善，无论表现层如何定义和更改，逻辑层都能完善地提供服务。主要对用户的请求接受，以及数据的返回，为客户端提供应用程序的访问。

程序小记

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搭建ssm项目

文章目录前言搭建步骤maven依赖配置文件web.xmlapplicationContext.xmlspring-dao.xmldatabase.propertiesmybatis-config.xmlspring-service.xmlspring-mvc.xml代码实体bean持久层业务层表示层单元测试持久层单元测试类UserDaoTest.java业务层单元测试类UserServiceImplTest.java总结前言学习web编程的重要一步就是搭建一个完整的ssm项目，即采用spring+spr
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