密码学课设实验——des加密c++实现

一、实验目的

通过实现DES/AES算法，加深对DES/AES算法的理解，同时学习组合密码常用的代换、移位等运算的实现。

 

• 实验内容

1）利用C\C++实现DES/AES算法的加、解密运算。

 

• 实验步骤

 

Des加密的流程图如下

按照上面的原理图实现加密主要的函数如下：

void IP_transform(int *data);//第一步进行初始置换IP，然后进行16轮迭代

//先分成L0,R0

 

void Get_key();

//由k生成子密钥Ki的算法

void PC_1_replace(int *key, int *key_56);//选择置换PC_1，去掉奇偶校验位并打乱，变成56位

void MoveLeft(int *c, int *d, int m);//划分成左右32位进行左移变化

void PC_2_replace(int *key_56, int *key_48);//选择置换PC_2，从CiDi中选取48位作为密钥Ki

 

//加密函数f

void E_extend(int *data_32, int* data_48);//位选择函数E(R),将32位的输入变成48位

//将E(R(i-1))与子密钥Ki进行异或E(R i-1)^Ki=B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8,

void S_replace(int *data_48, int *data_s32);//Bj原为6位经过S盒后缩减为4位,S1到S8,变成共为32位

void P_replace(int *data_32);//经过p盒处理得到f(R i-1,Ki)     

 

void IP1_transform(int *data);//逆初始置换得到密文

 

1.由k生成子密钥Ki的算法

先进行选择置换PC_1，然后划分成左右32位进行左移变化，最后进行选择置换PC_2，从CiDi中选取48位作为密钥Ki，共执行16次轮迭代

1. 首先进行初始置换IP，然后进行16轮迭代，第一步分成L0,R0，每一轮迭代为Li=Ri-1 Ri=L i-1^f(R i-1,Ki)
2. 关于f函数

先进行位选择函数E(R),将32位的输入变成48位，然后经过S盒将Bj缩减为4位Sj，变成共为32位，最后经过p盒处理得到f(R i-1,Ki)   

代码如下：

// des.cpp : 此文件包含 "main" 函数。程序执行将在此处开始并结束。
#include "pch.h"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

void IP_transform(int *data);//第一步进行初始置换IP，然后进行16轮迭代
//先分成L0,R0

void Get_key();
//由k生成子密钥Ki的算法
void PC_1_replace(int *key, int *key_56);//选择置换PC_1，去掉奇偶校验位并打乱，变成56位
void MoveLeft(int *c, int *d, int m);//划分成左右32位进行左移变化
void PC_2_replace(int *key_56, int *key_48);//选择置换PC_2，从CiDi中选取48位作为密钥Ki

//每一轮迭代为Li=Ri-1 Ri=L i-1^f(R i-1,Ki)
//加密函数f
void E_extend(int *data_32, int* data_48);//位选择函数E(R),将32位的输入变成48位
//将E(R(i-1))与子密钥Ki进行异或E(R i-1)^Ki=B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8,
void S_replace(int *data_48, int *data_s32);//Bj原为6位经过S盒后缩减为4位,S1到S8,变成共为32位
void P_replace(int *data_32);//经过p盒处理得到f(R i-1,Ki)     

void IP1_transform(int *data);//逆初始置换得到密文



char InputKey[8];//存放字符型密钥
int key[64];//64位的密钥
int keyPC1[56]; //存放密钥key经过PC1换位表后变成的56位二进制
int C[28], D[28];//将PC-1输出中的前28位作为A[28]，后28位作为B[28]，用LS对C、D进行循环左移变换
int keyCD[56];//将循环左移的结果合并
int K[16][48]; //存放16次循环左移产生的子密钥

int main()
{
	Get_key();
	char text[8];
	int data[64],data_out[64];
	int L0[32], R0[32];//将64位数据分成左右32位进行迭代
	int temp[32];
	int data_e[48],data_s[32],data_p[32];
	int i,j;

	char mingwen[100] = {" "};
	char mw_out[100] = { " " };
	cout << endl << "输入明文:";
	cin >> mingwen;//因为是cin，所以明文里不能出现空格
	int num = 0, count = 0;//num为分组数，count为字符数
	cout << endl;
	while (mingwen[count] != '\0')
	{
		count++;
	}
	cout << "count:" << count<<endl;
	int k = count % 8;

	if (k == 0)
		num = count/8;
	else
	{
		num = (count - k) / 8 + 1;
	}


	for (int r = 0; r < num; r++)
	{
		for (i=0;i<8; i++)
		{
			text[i] = mingwen[i + 8 * r];
		}


		for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
		{
			data[i] = (text[(i / 8)] >> (7 - i % 8)) & 0x1;	//将8个字符转化为64位的01字符串
		}

		cout << "一次加密解密："<<endl;
		//*******************************加密*******************************
		IP_transform(data);//初始置换
		for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)//获取初始置换后明文的前后32位数据
		{
			L0[j] = data[j];
			R0[j] = data[j + 32];
		}

		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)		//16次轮迭代
		{
			for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)	//临时变量temp记录R0的数据
			{
				temp[j] = R0[j];
			}

			E_extend(R0, data_e);//E扩展
			for (j = 0; j < 48; j++)//将E扩展得到的48位的数据与密钥输入Ki进行异或运算
			{
				data_e[j] = data_e[j] ^ K[i][j];
			}
			S_replace(data_e, data_s);//S盒置换
			P_replace(data_s);//P盒置换

			for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)
			{
				R0[j] = L0[j] ^ data_s[j];
			}

			for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)	//下一个L0为上一次迭代的右边R0
			{
				L0[j] = temp[j];
			}
		}

		//16次轮迭代以后
		//左右交换
		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)		//交换16次迭代后的L0和R0
		{
			data[i] = R0[i];
			data[i + 32] = L0[i];
		}

		IP1_transform(data);

		cout << "密文二进制表示为：";
		for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
		{
			cout << data[i];
		}
		cout << endl;

		cout << "输出字符为：";
		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		{
			int tempc = data[8 * i] * 128 + data[8 * i + 1] * 64+ data[8 * i + 2] *32 +data[8 * i + 3] * 16+data[8 * i + 4] *8+ data[8 * i + 5] * 4+ data[8 * i + 6] * 2+ data[8 * i + 7];
			printf("%c", tempc);
		}
		cout << endl;
		//*******************************解密*******************************
		IP_transform(data);//初始置换
		for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)//获取初始置换后明文的前后32位数据
		{
			L0[j] = data[j];
			R0[j] = data[j + 32];
		}

		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)		//16次轮迭代
		{
			for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)	//临时变量temp记录R0的数据
			{
				temp[j] = R0[j];
			}

			E_extend(R0, data_e);//E扩展
			for (j = 0; j < 48; j++)//将E扩展得到的48位的数据与密钥输入Ki进行异或运算
			{
				data_e[j] = data_e[j] ^ K[15 - i][j];
			}
			S_replace(data_e, data_s);//S盒置换
			P_replace(data_s);//P盒置换

			for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)
			{
				R0[j] = L0[j] ^ data_s[j];
			}

			for (j = 0; j < 32; j++)	//下一个L0为上一次迭代的右边R0
			{
				L0[j] = temp[j];
			}
		}

		//16次轮迭代以后
		//左右交换
		for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)		//交换16次迭代后的L0和R0
		{
			data[i] = R0[i];
			data[i + 32] = L0[i];
		}

		IP1_transform(data);

		cout << "该次解密出的明文为：";
		int ch_num = 0;
		char ch;
		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
		{
			for (j = 0; j < 7; j++)
			{
				ch_num = (ch_num + data[i * 8 + j]) * 2;
			}
			ch_num += data[i * 8 + j];
			ch = ch_num;
			cout << ch;
			mw_out[i + 8 * r] = ch;
			ch_num = 0;
		}
		cout << endl;
		cout << endl;
	}
	cout << "解密出的全体明文为:" << mw_out;
	return 0;
}

//初始置换IP;
int IP[] = { 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2,
			 60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
			 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6,
			 64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
			 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17,  9, 1,
			 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
			 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5,
			 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7 };

void IP_transform(int *data)
{
	int temp[64], i;
	for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
	{
		temp[i] = data[i];
	}
	for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
	{
		data[i] = temp[IP[i] - 1];
	}
}

// 逆初始置换IP^(-1)
int IP1[] = { 40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32,
			   39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
			   38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30,
			   37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
			   36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28,
			   35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
			   34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26,
			   33, 1, 41,  9, 49, 17, 57, 25 };

void IP1_transform(int *data)
{
	int i;
	int temp[64];
	for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
	{
		temp[i] = data[i];
	}
	for (i = 0; i < 64; i++)
	{
		data[i] = temp[IP1[i] - 1];
	}
}

//*******************由密钥k生成子密钥Ki所需的表*******************
// 密钥置换表，将64位密钥变成56位
int PC_1[] = { 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17,  9,
				1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
			   10,  2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27,
			   19, 11,  3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
			   63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15,
				7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22,
			   14, 6,  61, 53, 45, 37, 29,
			   21, 13,  5, 28, 20, 12,  4 };

void PC_1_replace(int *key, int *key_56)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < 56; i++)
	{
		key_56[i] = key[PC_1[i] - 1];
	}
}

// 压缩置换，将56位密钥压缩成48位子密钥
int PC_2[] = { 14, 17, 11, 24, 1,   5,
				3, 28, 15,  6, 21, 10,
			   23, 19, 12,  4, 26,  8,
			   16,  7, 27, 20, 13,  2,
			   41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55,
			   30, 40, 51, 45, 33, 48,
			   44, 49, 39, 56, 34, 53,
			   46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32 };

void PC_2_replace(int *key_56, int *key_48)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < 48; i++)
	{
		key_48[i] = key_56[PC_2[i] - 1];
	}
}

// 每轮左移的位数
int LS[] = { 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1 };

void MoveLeft(int *c,int *d,int m)
{
	if (m == 1 || m == 2 || m == 9 || m == 16)
	{
		int temp_c = c[0];
		int temp_d = d[0];
		for (int i = 0; i < 27; i++)
		{
			c[i] = c[i + 1];
			d[i] = d[i + 1];
		}
		c[27] = temp_c;
		d[27] = temp_d;
	}

	else
	{
		int temp_c0 = c[0];
		int temp_d0 = d[0];
		int temp_c1 = c[1];
		int temp_d1 = d[1];
		for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
		{
			c[i] = c[i + 2];
			d[i] = d[i + 2];
		}
		c[26] = temp_c0;
		d[26] = temp_d0;
		c[27] = temp_c1;
		d[27] = temp_d1;
	}
}

//*******************加密函数f所需的表*******************
// 位选择函数E，将32位扩展至48位
int E[] = { 32,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,
			 4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,
			 8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
			12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
			16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
			20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
			24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
			28, 29, 30, 31, 32,  1 };

void E_extend(int *data_32,int* data_48)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < 48; i++)
	{
		data_48[i] = data_32[E[i] - 1];
	}
}

// 置换函数P，32位 -> 32位
int P[] = { 16,  7, 20, 21,
			29, 12, 28, 17,
			 1, 15, 23, 26,
			 5, 18, 31, 10,
			 2, 8,  24, 14,
			32, 27,  3,  9,
			19, 13, 30,  6,
			22, 11,  4, 25 };

void P_replace(int *data)
{
	int i;
	int temp[32];
	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)
	{
		temp[i] = data[i];
	}
	for (i = 0; i < 32; i++)
	{
		data[i] = temp[P[i] - 1];
	}
}

// S盒，每个S盒是4行16列的置换表，6位 -> 4位
int S_BOX[8][4][16] = { {{14,4,13,1,2,15,11,8,3,10,6,12,5,9,0,7},		//S盒
					 {0,15,7,4,14,2,13,1,10,6,12,11,9,5,3,8},
					 {4,1,14,8,13,6,2,11,15,12,9,7,3,10,5,0},
					 {15,12,8,2,4,9,1,7,5,11,3,14,10,0,6,13}},
					{{15,1,8,14,6,11,3,4,9,7,2,13,12,0,5,10},
					 {3,13,4,7,15,2,8,14,12,0,1,10,6,9,11,5},
					 {0,14,7,11,10,4,13,1,5,8,12,6,9,3,2,15},
					 {13,8,10,1,3,15,4,2,11,6,7,12,0,5,14,9}},
					{{10,0,9,14,6,3,15,5,1,13,12,7,11,4,2,8},
					 {13,7,0,9,3,4,6,10,2,8,5,14,12,11,15,1},
					 {13,6,4,9,8,15,3,0,11,1,2,12,5,10,14,7},
					 {1,10,13,0,6,9,8,7,4,15,14,3,11,5,2,12}},
					{{7,13,14,3,0,6,9,10,1,2,8,5,11,12,4,15},
					 {13,8,11,5,6,15,0,3,4,7,2,12,1,10,14,9},
					 {10,6,9,0,12,11,7,13,15,1,3,14,5,2,8,4},
					 {3,15,0,6,10,1,13,8,9,4,5,11,12,7,2,14}},
					{{2,12,4,1,7,10,11,6,8,5,3,15,13,0,14,9},
					 {14,11,2,12,4,7,13,1,5,0,15,10,3,9,8,6},
					 {4,2,1,11,10,13,7,8,15,9,12,5,6,3,0,14},
					 {11,8,12,7,1,14,2,13,6,15,0,9,10,4,5,3}},
					{{12,1,10,15,9,2,6,8,0,13,3,4,14,7,5,11},
					 {10,15,4,2,7,12,9,5,6,1,13,14,0,11,3,8},
					 {9,14,15,5,2,8,12,3,7,0,4,10,1,13,11,6},
					 {4,3,2,12,9,5,15,10,11,14,1,7,6,0,8,13}},
					{{4,1,2,14,15,0,8,13,3,12,9,7,5,10,6,1},
					 {13,0,11,7,4,9,1,10,14,3,5,12,2,15,8,6},
					 {1,4,11,13,12,3,7,14,10,15,6,8,0,5,9,2},
					 {6,11,13,8,1,4,10,7,9,5,0,15,14,2,3,12}},
					{{13,2,8,4,6,15,11,1,10,9,3,14,5,0,12,7},
					 {1,15,13,8,10,3,7,4,12,5,6,11,0,14,9,2},
					 {7,11,4,1,9,12,14,2,0,6,10,13,15,3,5,8},
					 {2,1,14,7,4,10,8,13,15,12,9,0,3,5,6,11}} };


void S_replace(int *data, int *dataout)//Bj原为6位经过S盒后缩减为4位
{
	int i, out;
	int temp1 = 0;
	int temp2 = 0;
	int row = 0;
	int col = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
	{
		temp1 = i * 6;
		temp2 = i * 4;
		row = (data[temp1] * 2) + data[temp1 + 5];
		col = data[temp1 + 1] * 8 + data[temp1 + 2] * 4 + data[temp1 + 3] * 2 + data[temp1 + 4];
		out = S_BOX[i][row][col];
		dataout[temp2] = out % 2;
		out /= 2;
		dataout[temp2 + 1] = out % 2;
		out /= 2;
		dataout[temp2 + 2] = out % 2;
		out /= 2;
		dataout[temp2 + 3] = out % 2;
	}
}

void Get_key()
{
	cout << "请输入密钥(8位字符密钥)：";
	for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
	{
		cin >> InputKey[i];
	}
	cout << endl;
	cin.ignore();
	//64的密钥k
	for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) //将密钥转化成64位二进制数放到一维数组key中
	{
		int a[8] = { 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0 };
		char m = InputKey[i];
		for (int j = 0; m != 0; j++)
		{
			a[j] = m % 2;
			m = m / 2;
			for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
				key[(i * 8) + j] = a[7 - j];
		}
	}
	cout << "密钥的二进制表示为：";
	for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++)
	{
		cout << key[i];
	}
	cout << endl;

		//****************由密钥k生成子密钥Ki****************
		//选择置换PC-1
		PC_1_replace(key, keyPC1);

		//分成左右进行左移
		for (int i = 0; i < 28; i++)
		{
			C[i] = keyPC1[i];
			D[i] = keyPC1[i + 28];
		}

		//16轮迭代
		for (int t = 0; t < 16; t++)
		{
			MoveLeft(C, D, t + 1);

			//合并
			for (int i = 0; i < 28; i++)
			{
				keyCD[i] = C[i];
				keyCD[i + 28] = D[i];
			}
			//选择置换PC-2
			PC_2_replace(keyCD, K[t]);
		}

		//打印
		for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++)
		{
			cout << "子密钥K" << i + 1 << "为:";
			for (int j = 0; j < 48; j++)
			{
				cout << K[i][j];
			}
			cout << endl;
		}
}

 

结果如下：