Linux常用命令-网络命令

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-24 08:36:00 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2022-03-24 08:36:00 发布

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分类专栏： linux 文章标签： linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36917605/article/details/104080070

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Linux常用命令-网络命令

write 给用户发信息

eg: //发信息
	[root@localhost ~]# write qq
	write: qq is logged in more than once; writing to pts/1
	happy new year!
        	2020/1/24
	//收信息
	[qq@localhost ~]$ 
	Message from root@localhost.localdomain on pts/0 at 12:37 ...
	happy new year!
		2020/1/24
	EOF
//注意发信息时用ctrl+backspace或是delete删除错误内容,ctrl+d发送信息

wall 给所有用户发信息

eg:	//发件
	[root@localhost ~]# wall
	happy new year! every!
						nacl
						2020/1/24[root@localhost ~]# 
	Broadcast message from root@localhost.localdomain (pts/0) (Fri Jan 24 12:44:01 2020):
	
	happy new year! every!
						nacl
						2020/1/24
	//收件人
	[qq@localhost ~]$ 
	Broadcast message from root@localhost.localdomain (pts/0) 	(Fri Jan 24 12:44:01 2020):

	happy new year! every!
						nacl
						2020/1/24

ping 测试网络连通性

eg: [root@localhost ~]# ping www.baidu.com
	PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.38) 56(84) bytes of data.
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=1 ttl=55 time=51.9 ms
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=2 ttl=55 time=52.5 ms
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=3 ttl=55 time=51.6 ms
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=4 ttl=55 time=52.0 ms
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=5 ttl=55 time=54.2 ms
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=6 ttl=55 time=52.3 ms
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=7 ttl=55 time=52.0 ms
	64 bytes from 14.215.177.38 (14.215.177.38): icmp_seq=8 ttl=55 time=54.1 ms
//如果不主动停止，系统会不断ping 我们可以使用-c 指定ping的次数
eg: [root@localhost ~]# ping -c 4 spring.io
	PING spring.io (104.20.5.247) 56(84) bytes of data.
	64 bytes from 104.20.5.247 (104.20.5.247): icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=190 ms
	64 bytes from 104.20.5.247 (104.20.5.247): icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=190 ms
	64 bytes from 104.20.5.247 (104.20.5.247): icmp_seq=3 ttl=54 time=195 ms
	64 bytes from 104.20.5.247 (104.20.5.247): icmp_seq=4 ttl=54 time=241 ms
	
	--- spring.io ping statistics ---
	4 packets transmitted, 4 received, 0% packet loss, time 3003ms
	rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 190.223/204.531/241.846/21.639 ms

ifconfig 查看和配置网卡信息

//查看网卡信息
eg:[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
	ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
	        inet 192.168.1.5  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
	        inet6 240e:be:3410:cc00:e1e5:2f53:ddc9:4430  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x0<global>
	        inet6 fe80::79c:dd1e:6996:f753  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
	        ether 00:0c:29:13:b2:02  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
	        RX packets 91197  bytes 7579405 (7.2 MiB)
	        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
	        TX packets 98529  bytes 12995380 (12.3 MiB)
	        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
	
	lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
	        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
	        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
	        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
	        RX packets 36  bytes 3048 (2.9 KiB)
	        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
	        TX packets 36  bytes 3048 (2.9 KiB)
	        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0
	ifconfig -a  //十进制形式看inet

mail 发送邮件查看邮件

//发邮件
	[root@localhost ~]# mail qq
	Subject: happy new year
	Today is the last day of 2020 ,happy new year!
				nacl      
				2020/1/24EOT   
//若mail命令无效，可使用yum install mailx安装mail

last 查看用户登录信息

eg:[root@localhost ~]# last
	root     pts/0        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 13:03   still logged in   
	qq       pts/0        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 13:02 - 13:02  (00:00)    
	qq       pts/1        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 13:01 - 13:01  (00:00)    
	qq       pts/1        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 13:00 - 13:01  (00:01)    
	qq       pts/1        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 12:59 - 13:00  (00:00)    
	root     pts/0        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 12:46 - 13:01  (00:15)    
	root     tty1                          Fri Jan 24 12:45   still logged in   
	qq       pts/1        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 12:34 - 12:59  (00:24)    
	root     pts/0        192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 12:33 - 12:44  (00:10)    
	qq       pts/3        192.168.1.4      Thu Jan 23 19:59 - 13:00  (17:00)    
	qq       pts/3        192.168.1.4      Thu Jan 23 19:56 - 19:56  (00:00)    
	root     pts/2        192.168.1.4      Thu Jan 23 18:37 - 13:00  (18:22)    
	qq       pts/0        192.168.1.4      Thu Jan 23 14:04 - 20:48  (06:43)    
	qq       pts/0        192.168.1.4      Thu Jan 23 14:00 - 14:02  (00:01)    
	root     pts/1        192.168.1.4      Thu Jan 23 12:21 - 20:48  (08:27)    
	root     pts/1        192.168.1.4      Wed Jan 22 16:58 - 17:49  (00:51)    
	root     pts/0        192.168.1.4      Wed Jan 22 13:28 - 13:37 (1+00:08)   
	root     pts/2        192.168.1.4      Mon Jan 20 14:45 - 18:20  (03:35)    
	root     pts/1        192.168.1.4      Mon Jan 20 14:02 - 14:46  (00:44)    
	root     pts/0        192.168.1.4      Mon Jan 20 14:02 - 14:46  (00:44)    
	root     pts/2        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 21:22 - 21:24  (00:01)    
	root     pts/1        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:40 - 21:37  (00:57)    
	root     pts/0        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:40 - 21:37  (00:57)    
	root     tty1                          Sun Jan 19 20:39 - 12:45 (4+16:06)   
	reboot   system boot  3.10.0-1062.el7. Sun Jan 19 20:37 - 13:03 (4+16:26)   
	root     pts/3        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:37 - crash  (00:00)    
	root     pts/2        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:37 - crash  (00:00)    
	root     pts/3        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:36 - 20:36  (00:00)    
	root     pts/2        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:36 - 20:36  (00:00)    
	root     pts/1        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:31 - crash  (00:06)    
	root     pts/0        fool.lan         Sun Jan 19 20:31 - crash  (00:06)    
	root     tty1                          Sun Jan 19 20:29 - 20:38  (00:09)    
	reboot   system boot  3.10.0-1062.el7. Sun Jan 19 20:28 - 13:03 (4+16:35)   
	
	wtmp begins Sun Jan 19 20:28:06 2020

lastlog 查看用户最后一次登录信息

eg:[root@localhost ~]# lastlog
	Username         Port     From             Latest
	root             pts/0    192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 13:03:49 +0800 2020
	bin                                        **Never logged in**
	daemon                                     **Never logged in**
	adm                                        **Never logged in**
	lp                                         **Never logged in**
	sync                                       **Never logged in**
	shutdown                                   **Never logged in**
	halt                                       **Never logged in**
	mail                                       **Never logged in**
	operator                                   **Never logged in**
	games                                      **Never logged in**
	ftp                                        **Never logged in**
	nobody                                     **Never logged in**
	systemd-network                            **Never logged in**
	dbus                                       **Never logged in**
	polkitd                                    **Never logged in**
	sshd                                       **Never logged in**
	postfix                                    **Never logged in**
	qq               pts/0    192.168.1.4      Fri Jan 24 13:02:03 +0800 2020
	java                                       **Never logged in**

traceroute 跟踪有主机到访问地址的路径

eg:[root@localhost ~]# traceroute www.baidu.com
	traceroute to www.baidu.com (14.215.177.39), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
	 1  gateway (192.168.1.1)  2.647 ms  2.471 ms  3.336 ms
	 2  100.75.0.1 (100.75.0.1)  7.499 ms  7.623 ms  7.834 ms
	 3  10.225.50.9 (10.225.50.9)  10.896 ms 10.225.50.25 (10.225.50.25)  11.852 ms  11.918 ms
	 4  219.145.193.1 (219.145.193.1)  17.953 ms

netstat 查看网络相关信息

netstat //查看网络相关信息
 -t //tcp协议
 -u //udp协议
 -l //监听
 -r //路由
 -n //显示ip地址和端口号
 常用命令: netstat -tlun //查看本机监听的端口
 		  netstat -an	//查看本机所有网络连接
 		  netstat -rn   //查看本机路由表

setup redhat专用网络配置

setup //redhat系列专用网络配置工具
//若电脑上未安装setup 可使用 yum install setuptool安装工具

在这里插入图片描述
使用命令进入设置然后run tool

然后就可以设置相关信息

特点：与ifconfig不同，它的设置永久生效，而ifconfig的设置重启后失效

mount 挂载命令

mount [挂载物][挂载点]//挂载命令
//挂载
	[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt/
	[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
	[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt/
	cdrom
	[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom
	mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only
	[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/cdrom
	[root@localhost cdrom]# ls
	CentOS_BuildTag  EULA  images    LiveOS    repodata              RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
	EFI              GPL   isolinux  Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  TRANS.TBL
//退出
	[root@localhost cdrom]# cd /
	[root@localhost /]# umount /dev/sr0

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Linux常用命令-网络命令

Linux常用命令-网络命令write 给用户发信息eg: //发信息 [root@localhost ~]# write qq write: qq is logged in more than once; writing to pts/1 happy new year! 2020/1/24 //收信息 [qq@localhost ~]$ Message fro...
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