零基础开始学习鸿蒙开发-登录界面获取参数的值,并且发送参数请求后台登录,经过后台校验即可登录成功

上代码之前,我们需要注意两点:

一、首先要添加鸿蒙的网络权限,如果不添加权限,后面代码完成之后,可能请求失败。

二、鸿蒙模拟器不支持本地localhost 、127.0.01本地地址的请求,所有的请求只能通过公网发起请求。

三、添加权限的方法:

    1).找到项目的module.json5文件夹,在此文件夹添加如下代码:

 "requestPermissions": [
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET"
      }
    ]

   2).以下是我的权限配置所有代码:

{
  "module": {
    "name": "entry",
    "type": "entry",
    "description": "$string:module_desc",
    "mainElement": "EntryAbility",
    "deviceTypes": [
      "phone",
      "tablet"
    ],
    "deliveryWithInstall": true,
    "installationFree": false,
    "pages": "$profile:main_pages",
    "abilities": [
      {
        "name": "EntryAbility",
        "srcEntry": "./ets/entryability/EntryAbility.ts",
        "description": "$string:EntryAbility_desc",
        "icon": "$media:icon",
        "label": "$string:EntryAbility_label",
        "startWindowIcon": "$media:icon",
        "startWindowBackground": "$color:start_window_background",
        "exported": true,
        "skills": [
          {
            "entities": [
              "entity.system.home"
            ],
            "actions": [
              "action.system.home"
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    ],
    "requestPermissions": [
      {
        "name": "ohos.permission.INTERNET"
      }
    ]
  }
}

四、创建httpPost请求组件类

    4.1在头部导入http请求模块

import http from '@ohos.net.http';

      4.2  创建http连接

 let request = http.createHttp();

      4.3 封装请求体和请求参数

 let options = {
    method: http.RequestMethod.POST,
    header: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json','charset':'utf-8'},
    extraData:{
      "username":username,
      "password":password
    },
    readTimeout: 72000,
    connectTimeout: 72000
  } as http.HttpRequestOptions;

        4.4 异步发起http请求

let result = await request.request(url, options);

         4.5 下面是完整的请求组件代码,即HttpUtil.ets

     

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2023 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import http from '@ohos.net.http';


// @ts-ignore
export default async function postReqeust(url: string,username:string,password:string) {
  if (!url) {
    return undefined;
  }
  let request = http.createHttp();
  let options = {
    method: http.RequestMethod.POST,
    header: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json','charset':'utf-8'},
    extraData:{
      "username":username,
      "password":password
    },
    readTimeout: 72000,
    connectTimeout: 72000
  } as http.HttpRequestOptions;
  let result = await request.request(url, options);
  return result;
}

      五、登录页面点击登录后,把获取到的参数,请求到后台,后台进行校验。

   5.1下面是对之前封装的请求方法进行调用

 //发送异步请求
          let res = await postReqeust("http://ntek44b.nat.ipyingshe.com/login",this.username,this.password);
          if(res.responseCode==200){
            this.colorParm = Color.Green;
            this.message ="登录成功";
          }else {
            this.colorParm = Color.Red;
            this.message ="登录失败!";
          }

5.2 下面是补充完整之后的登录代码。

/*




@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  @State message: string = 'Hello Worlczxcxzd'

  build() {
    Row() {
      Column() {
        Text(this.message)
          .fontSize(50)
          .fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
      }
      .width('100%')
    }
    .height('100%')
  }
}*/
import http from '@ohos.net.http';
import httpPost from '../utils/HttpUtil';
import  postReqeust from '../utils/HttpUtil';
@Entry
@Component
struct  registePage{
  //定义用户名
  @State username:string ="";
  //定义密码
  @State password:string ="";
  //定义重复用户名密码
  @State repeatPwd:string ="";
  //判断是否为空的标志
  @State isBlank:boolean=false;
  //提示语
  @State message:string ="";
  //全局URL
  @State URL:string ="http://127.0.0.1:8083";
  //定义颜色的值
  // @ts-ignore
  @State colorParm:Color = Color.Gray;
  //判断输入的参数是否为空方法
    isEmty(username:string,password:string,repeatPwd:string){
     //判断用户名是否为空
     if(username==null ||username==""){
       console.debug("用户名为空----");
       return true;
     }
     if(password==null ||password==""){
       console.debug("密码为空----");
       return true;
     }

     if(repeatPwd==null ||repeatPwd==""){
       console.debug("重复输入密码为空----");
       return true;
     }
  }
  //创建请求的方法

  postReq(){
    //创建http请求
      var  httpReq = http.createHttp();
     console.info("发起请求----")
      httpReq.request("http://ntek44b.nat.ipyingshe.com/login",{
      //定义请求方法
      method:http.RequestMethod.POST,
      //添加请求头
      header:{
        'Content-Type':'application/json',
        'charset':'utf-8'
      },
      //请求数据,用户名,密码
      extraData:{
        "username":this.username,
        "password":this.password,
      },
      connectTimeout:60000,
      readTimeout:72000,
    },(msg,data)=>{
      console.debug("data=={}",JSON.stringify(data))
      console.debug("请求完成---")
      //请求成功
      if (msg.code==200){
        this.colorParm = Color.Green;
        this.message ="登录成功!";
      }else {
        // @ts-ignore
        this.colorParm = Color.Red;
        this.message ="登录失败,请检查用户名或密码";
      }
    }
    );
  }
  build() {
    //垂直的容器
    Column({ space: 5 }) {
      Image($r("app.media.app_icon"))
        .width("100")
        .height("100")
        .margin(50)
      Column({ space: 5 }) {
        //输入框
        TextInput({ placeholder: "请输入用户名" }).type(InputType.Normal)
          .width("300").onChange((username: string) => {
          //通过onChange事件获取用户名
          this.username = username;
          console.debug("username==={}", this.username);
        });
        //密码输入框
        TextInput({ placeholder: "请输入密码" }).type(InputType.Password)
          .width("300").onChange((password: string) => {
          //通过onChange事件获取密码
          this.password = password;
          console.debug("password==={}", this.password);
        });
        //重新确认密码
        TextInput({ placeholder: "请再次输入密码" }).type(InputType.Password)
          .width("300").onChange((repeatPwd: string) => {
          //通过onChange事件获取重复输入的密码
          this.repeatPwd = repeatPwd;
          console.debug("repeatPwd==={}", this.repeatPwd);
        });
        Row({ space: 5 }) {
          Text("提示语:").fontColor(Color.Gray);
          // @ts-ignore
          Text(this.message).fontColor(this.colorParm);
        }
        //登录
        Button("登录按钮").width("50%").onClick( async () => {
          console.debug("登录")
          //判断是否为空
          this.isBlank = this.isEmty(this.username, this.password, this.repeatPwd);
          if (this.isBlank) {
            this.colorParm =Color.Red;
            this.message = "请检查参数是否为空";
            return;
          } else {
            //判断两次输入的密码是否正确
            if (this.password != this.repeatPwd) {
              this.colorParm =Color.Red;
              this.message = "两次输入的密码不一致";
            }
          }
          //网络请求数据库验证登录
          //this.postReq();
          //发送异步请求
          let res = await postReqeust("http://ntek44b.nat.ipyingshe.com/login",this.username,this.password);
          if(res.responseCode==200){
            this.colorParm = Color.Green;
            this.message ="登录成功";
          }else {
            this.colorParm = Color.Red;
            this.message ="登录失败!";
          }
          console.log("res===",JSON.stringify(res));

        }).backgroundColor(Color.Green);

      }.height("100%")
      .width("100%")
      .alignItems(HorizontalAlign.Center)
      .justifyContent(FlexAlign.Center)
    }

  }
}

六、后端主要是用SpringBoot简单搭建的后台。

        6.1配置文件:主要包含了数据库的连接,以及端口号的设置。

server:
  port: 8083

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: Root@123
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/harmony?useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath*:/mappers/*.xml

        6.2 下面是maven的相关依赖:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>harmonyreq</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>harmonyreq</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.19</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

6.3 下面的代码就不一一介绍了,有Java基础的应该都能看得懂。

package com.example.harmonyreq.common;

import lombok.Data;

@Data
public class Result {

    private String msg;
    private Object data;
    private Integer code;

    public Result(String msg,Object data,Integer code){
        this.msg = msg;
        this.data = data;
        this.code =code;
    }

    public Result(String msg,Object data){
        this.msg = msg;
        this.data = data;
        this.code =code;
    }
    public Result(){

    }
    public  void success(Object data,String msg){
        this.data = data;
        this.msg = msg;
        this.code=200;
    }
    public  void success(){
        this.code = 200;
        this.msg = "成功!";
    }

    public void  fail(){
        this.msg ="请求失败!";
        this.code = 500;
    }
}
package com.example.harmonyreq.mapper;

import com.example.harmonyreq.model.User;
import java.util.Map;
public interface UserMapper {
  User queryByUnamePwd(Map<String,Object> map);
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.example.harmonyreq.mapper.UserMapper">
    <select id="queryByUnamePwd"   parameterType="java.util.Map" resultType="com.example.harmonyreq.model.User">
     select <include refid="Base_Column_List"/>
        from tb_user
        <where>
            username = #{username}
            and
            password = #{password}
        </where>
    </select>
    
    <sql id="Base_Column_List">
    id,username,password
    </sql>

</mapper>
package com.example.harmonyreq.service;

import com.example.harmonyreq.common.Result;

import java.util.Map;

public interface IUserService {

   Result login(Map<String,Object> params);
}
package com.example.harmonyreq.service.impl;

import com.example.harmonyreq.common.Result;
import com.example.harmonyreq.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.example.harmonyreq.model.User;
import com.example.harmonyreq.service.IUserService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserServiceImpl.class);
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;
    @Override
    public Result login(Map<String,Object>params) {
        Result res = new Result();
        try {
            User user = userMapper.queryByUnamePwd(params);
            if (null!=user){
                res.success(user,"成功!");
                logger.info("登录成功!");
            }else {
                res.fail();

            }

        }catch (Exception e){
            logger.error("登录失败!{}",e.getMessage());
            res.fail();
            return res;
        }
        return res;
    }
}
package com.example.harmonyreq.controller;


import com.example.harmonyreq.common.Result;
import com.example.harmonyreq.service.IUserService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.Map;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/")
public class LoginController {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginController.class);
    @Autowired
    private IUserService userService;
    @PostMapping("/login")
    public Result login(@RequestBody Map<String,Object>params){
        logger.info("请求过来的参数---{}",params);
        return userService.login(params);
    }

}

七、代码运行成功的界面如下图所示:

        7.1 后端请求成功的界面

        7.2 鸿蒙模拟器请求成功的界面

八、另外,简单说一下,我没有自己的服务器,我是通过内网穿透的方式请求到本地的,常用的内网穿透工具,大家可以去网上找找。此博文,我会另外绑定后端代码文件。

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