9-1:
餐馆 :创建一个名为Restaurant 的类,其方法init() 设置两个属性:restaurant_name 和cuisine_type 。创建一个名
为describe_restaurant() 的方法和一个名为open_restaurant() 的方法,其中前者打印前述两项信息,而后者打印一条消息,指出餐馆正在营业。
根据这个类创建一个名为restaurant 的实例,分别打印其两个属性,再调用前述两个方法。
class Restaurant():
def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
self.name = restaurant_name
self.type = cuisine_type
def describe_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + " uses " + self.type)
def open_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + ' is opening!')
r = Restaurant('Kentucky','evaporate')
r.describe_restaurant()
r.open_restaurant()
9-4
就餐人数 :在为完成练习9-1而编写的程序中,添加一个名为number_served 的属性,并将其默认值设置为0。根据这个类创建一个名为restaurant 的实
例;打印有多少人在这家餐馆就餐过,然后修改这个值并再次打印它。
添加一个名为set_number_served() 的方法,它让你能够设置就餐人数。调用这个方法并向它传递一个值,然后再次打印这个值。
添加一个名为increment_number_served() 的方法,它让你能够将就餐人数递增。调用这个方法并向它传递一个这样的值:你认为这家餐馆每天可能接待的就
餐人数。
class Restaurant():
def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
self.name = restaurant_name
self.type = cuisine_type
self.number_served = 0
def describe_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + " uses " + self.type)
def open_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + ' is opening!')
def set_number_served(self,pnum):
self.number_served = pnum
def increment_number_served(self,pnum):
self.number_served += pnum
r = Restaurant('Kentucky','evaporate')
r.describe_restaurant()
r.open_restaurant()
print('there are ' + str(r.number_served) + ' people been served.')
r.number_served = 10
print('update to ' + str(r.number_served))
r.set_number_served(20)
print('r.number_served = ' + str(r.number_served))
r.increment_number_served(30)
print('r.number_served = ' + str(r.number_served))
9-6
冰淇淋小店 :冰淇淋小店是一种特殊的餐馆。编写一个名为IceCreamStand 的类,让它继承你为完成练习9-1或练习9-4而编写的Restaurant 类。这两个版
本的Restaurant 类都可以,挑选你更喜欢的那个即可。添加一个名为flavors 的属性,用于存储一个由各种口味的冰淇淋组成的列表。编写一个显示这些冰淇淋
的方法。创建一个IceCreamStand 实例,并调用这个方法。
class Restaurant():
def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
self.name = restaurant_name
self.type = cuisine_type
self.number_served = 0
def describe_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + " uses " + self.type)
def open_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + ' is opening!')
def set_number_served(self,pnum):
self.number_served = pnum
def increment_number_served(self,pnum):
self.number_served += pnum
class IceCreamStand(Restaurant):
def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type,flavors=[]):
super().__init__(restaurant_name,cuisine_type)
self.flavors = flavors
def show(self):
print("We have ",end='')
for flavor in self.flavors:
print(flavor,end=',')
print(str(len(self.flavors)) + ' ice-cream ')
ice = IceCreamStand('Ken','eva',['sweet','vanilla','herb'])
ice.show()
9-10
导入Restaurant 类 :将最新的Restaurant 类存储在一个模块中。在另一个文件中,导入Restaurant 类,创建一个Restaurant 实例,并调
用Restaurant 的一个方法,以确认import 语句正确无误。
#res.py
class Restaurant():
def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
self.name = restaurant_name
self.type = cuisine_type
self.number_served = 0
def describe_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + " uses " + self.type)
def open_restaurant(self):
print(self.name + ' is opening!')
def set_number_served(self,pnum):
self.number_served = pnum
def increment_number_served(self,pnum):
self.number_served += pnum
#ice.py
from res import Restaurant
class IceCreamStand(Restaurant):
def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type,flavors=[]):
super().__init__(restaurant_name,cuisine_type)
self.flavors = flavors
def show(self):
print("We have ",end='')
for flavor in self.flavors:
print(flavor,end=',')
print(str(len(self.flavors)) + ' ice-cream ')
r = IceCreamStand('ken','eva',['sweet'])
r.show()
print(r.number_served)
9-14
骰子 :模块random 包含以各种方式生成随机数的函数,其中的randint() 返回一个位于指定范围内的整数,例如,下面的代码返回一个1~6内的整数:
from random import randint
class Die():
def __init__(self,sides=6):
self.sides = sides
def roll_die(self):
x = randint(1,self.sides)
print(x,end=' ')
d1 = Die()
d2 = Die(10)
d3 = Die(20)
for i in range(0,10):
d1.roll_die()
print()
for i in range(0,10):
d2.roll_die()
print()
for i in range(0,10):
d3.roll_die()
print()