一、numpy
二、pandas
2.3 series结构
基本操作
import pandas as pd
fandango = pd.read_csv('E:\\唐宇迪机器学习\Python库代码（4个）\\2-数据分析处理库pandas\\fandango_score_comparison.csv')
series_film = fandango['FILM']
print(type(series_film))
print(series_film[0:5])
serie_rt = fandango['RottenTomatoes']
print(serie_rt[0:5])
输出：
<class 'pandas.core.series.Series'>
0 Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)
1 Cinderella (2015)
2 Ant-Man (2015)
3 Do You Believe? (2015)
4 Hot Tub Time Machine 2 (2015)
Name: FILM, dtype: object
0 74
1 85
2 80
3 18
4 14
Name: RottenTomatoes, dtype: int64
DataFrame中的结构是Series，Series中的结构是ndarray
Series创建
from pandas import Series
film_names = series_film.values
print(type(film_names))
rt_scores = serie_rt.values #电影评分
series_custom = Series(rt_scores ,index = film_names)#这里拿string值(电影名称)当索引
print(series_custom[['Irrational Man (2015)','Love & Mercy (2015)']]) #打印索引对应的值
print('---------------------')
print(series_custom[5:10])
输出：
<class 'numpy.ndarray'>
Irrational Man (2015) 42
Love & Mercy (2015) 89
dtype: int64
---------------------
The Water Diviner (2015) 63
Irrational Man (2015) 42
Top Five (2014) 86
Shaun the Sheep Movie (2015) 99
Love & Mercy (2015) 89
dtype: int64
Series排序
print('----------------对Series进行排序--------------')
original_index = series_custom.index.tolist()
sorted_index = sorted(original_index)
sorted_by_index = series_custom.reindex(sorted_index)
print(sorted_by_index)
输出：
----------------对Series进行排序--------------
'71 (2015) 97
5 Flights Up (2015) 52
A Little Chaos (2015) 40
A Most Violent Year (2014) 90
About Elly (2015) 97
...
相加、求最大值
import numpy as np
print('----------------对Series进行相加--------------')
print(np.add(series_custom,series_custom))
print(np.max(series_custom))
输出：
----------------对Series进行相加--------------
Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015) 148
Cinderella (2015) 170
Ant-Man (2015) 160
...
100
获取评分在50和75之间的电影
#will actually return a Series object with a boolean value for each film
series_custom > 50
series_greater_than_50 = series_custom[series_custom > 50]
criteria_one = series_custom > 50
criteria_two = series_custom < 75
both_criteria = series_custom[criteria_one & criteria_two]
print (both_criteria)
输出：
Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015) 74
The Water Diviner (2015) 63
Unbroken (2014) 51
Southpaw (2015) 59
Insidious: Chapter 3 (2015) 59
The Man From U.N.C.L.E. (2015) 68
...
计算两个媒体评分的平均值
#data alignment same index
rt_critics = Series(fandango['RottenTomatoes'].values, index=fandango['FILM'])
rt_users = Series(fandango['RottenTomatoes_User'].values, index=fandango['FILM'])
rt_mean = (rt_critics + rt_users)/2
print(rt_mean)
输出：
Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015) 80.0
Cinderella (2015) 82.5
Ant-Man (2015) 85.0
Do You Believe? (2015) 51.0
...
DataFram设置字符串为索引
fandango_films = fandango.set_index('FILM', drop=False)
print(fandango_films.index)
结果：
Index(['Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)', 'Cinderella (2015)', 'Ant-Man (2015)',
'Do You Believe? (2015)', 'Hot Tub Time Machine 2 (2015)',
'Shaun the Sheep Movie (2015)', 'Love & Mercy (2015)',
...
'The Woman In Black 2 Angel of Death (2015)', 'Danny Collins (2015)',
'Gett: The Trial of Viviane Amsalem (2015)',
'Kumiko, The Treasure Hunter (2015)']
三、matplotlib
折线图
子图
条形图和散点图
案例一：
import pandas as pd
reviews = pd.read_csv('E:\\唐宇迪机器学习\Python库代码（4个）\\2-数据分析处理库pandas\\fandango_score_comparison.csv')
cols = ['FILM', 'RT_user_norm', 'Metacritic_user_nom', 'IMDB_norm', 'Fandango_Ratingvalue', 'Fandango_Stars']
norm_reviews = reviews[cols]
print(norm_reviews[:1])
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from numpy import arange
#The Axes.bar() method has 2 required parameters, left and height.
#We use the left parameter to specify the x coordinates of the left sides of the bar.
#We use the height parameter to specify the height of each bar
num_cols = ['RT_user_norm', 'Metacritic_user_nom', 'IMDB_norm', 'Fandango_Ratingvalue', 'Fandango_Stars']
bar_heights = norm_reviews.loc[0, num_cols].values
#print bar_heights
bar_positions = arange(5) + 0.75
#print bar_positions
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.bar(bar_positions, bar_heights, 0.5) #0.5表示宽度
plt.show()
结果：
案例二：
num_cols = ['RT_user_norm', 'Metacritic_user_nom', 'IMDB_norm', 'Fandango_Ratingvalue', 'Fandango_Stars']
bar_heights = norm_reviews.loc[0, num_cols].values
bar_positions = arange(5) + 0.75
tick_positions = range(1,6)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.bar(bar_positions, bar_heights, 0.5)
ax.set_xticks(tick_positions)
ax.set_xticklabels(num_cols, rotation=45)
ax.set_xlabel('Rating Source')
ax.set_ylabel('Average Rating')
ax.set_title('Average User Rating For Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)')
plt.show()
结果：
案例三：
横向展示
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from numpy import arange
num_cols = ['RT_user_norm', 'Metacritic_user_nom', 'IMDB_norm', 'Fandango_Ratingvalue', 'Fandango_Stars']
bar_widths = norm_reviews.ix[0, num_cols].values
bar_positions = arange(5) + 0.75
tick_positions = range(1,6)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.barh(bar_positions, bar_widths, 0.5) #barh 表示横向
ax.set_yticks(tick_positions)
ax.set_yticklabels(num_cols)
ax.set_ylabel('Rating Source')
ax.set_xlabel('Average Rating')
ax.set_title('Average User Rating For Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015)')
plt.show()
结果：
案例四：
散点图
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.scatter(norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'], norm_reviews['RT_user_norm'])
ax.set_xlabel('Fandango')
ax.set_ylabel('Rotten Tomatoes')
plt.show()
结果：
案例五：
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,10))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2,1,1)
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2,1,2)
ax1.scatter(norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'], norm_reviews['RT_user_norm'])
ax1.set_xlabel('Fandango')
ax1.set_ylabel('Rotten Tomatoes')
ax2.scatter(norm_reviews['RT_user_norm'], norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'])
ax2.set_xlabel('Rotten Tomatoes')
ax2.set_ylabel('Fandango')
plt.show()
结果：
柱形图和盒图
案例一：
横坐标指定范围区间计数
import pandas as pd
reviews = pd.read_csv('E:\\唐宇迪机器学习\Python库代码（4个）\\2-数据分析处理库pandas\\fandango_score_comparison.csv')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
cols = ['FILM', 'RT_user_norm', 'Metacritic_user_nom', 'IMDB_norm', 'Fandango_Ratingvalue']
norm_reviews = reviews[cols]
#print(norm_reviews[:5])
fandango_distribution = norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'].value_counts()
fandango_distribution = fandango_distribution.sort_index()
imdb_distribution = norm_reviews['IMDB_norm'].value_counts()
imdb_distribution = imdb_distribution.sort_index()
print(fandango_distribution)
#print(imdb_distribution)
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.hist(norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'])
ax.hist(norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'],bins=20)
ax.hist(norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'], range=(4, 5),bins=20)
plt.show()
结果：
2.7 2
2.8 2
2.9 5
3.0 4
3.1 3
3.2 5
3.3 4
3.4 9
3.5 9
3.6 8
3.7 9
3.8 5
3.9 12
4.0 7
4.1 16
4.2 12
4.3 11
4.4 7
4.5 9
4.6 4
4.8 3
Name: Fandango_Ratingvalue, dtype: int64
如果不指定bins，会自动分，指定了bins=20，就分成20个柱子。
案例二：
指定y轴区间
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5))
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(1,1,1)
ax1.hist(norm_reviews['Fandango_Ratingvalue'], bins=20, range=(0, 5))
ax1.set_title('Distribution of Fandango Ratings')
ax1.set_ylim(0, 50)
plt.show()
结果：
案例二：
盒图：
四分图，分成四份。
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.boxplot(norm_reviews['RT_user_norm'])
ax.set_xticklabels(['Rotten Tomatoes'])
ax.set_ylim(0, 5)
plt.show()
结果：
案例三：
num_cols = ['RT_user_norm', 'Metacritic_user_nom', 'IMDB_norm', 'Fandango_Ratingvalue']
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.boxplot(norm_reviews[num_cols].values)
ax.set_xticklabels(num_cols, rotation=90)
ax.set_ylim(0,5)
plt.show()
结果：
四、seaborn
他在matplot的基础上进行了封装。
案例一：
import seaborn as sns
import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
def sinplot(flip=1):
x = np.linspace(0, 14, 100)
for i in range(1, 7):
plt.plot(x, np.sin(x + i * .5) * (7 - i) * flip)
sinplot()
plt.show()
结果：
五种主题风格：
darkgrid
whitegrid
dark
white
ticks
sns.set_style("whitegrid")
data = np.random.normal(size=(20, 6)) + np.arange(6) / 2
sns.boxplot(data=data)
plt.show()
sns.set_style("dark")
sinplot()
plt.show()
sns.set_style("ticks") #有线段
sinplot()
plt.show()
sinplot()
sns.despine() #去掉一些轴
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