第十二周-day52(上)-负载均衡的设备转换、动静分离与高可用介绍

一、准备环境

web01上

[root@web01 ~]# echo 'this is PC website' >/app/www/lidao.html

web02上

[root@web02 ~]# echo 'this is Mobile website' >/app/www/lidao.html

lb01上curl一下

---

二、根据用户客户端的设备 进行转发 请求:

1.配置 upstream 与location

定义upstream移动端与PC端

 upstream  default {
     server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
     upstream mobile {
     server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }

移动端的服务器池

     location / {
        if ($http_user_agent ~* "Android|IOS") {
        proxy_pass http://mobile;
        }

完整配置

[root@lb01 nginx]# vim nginx.conf 
...
     upstream  default {
     server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
     upstream mobile {
     server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
#    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
     server {
     listen 80;
     server_name www.oldboy.com;
     location / {
        if ($http_user_agent ~* "Android|IOS") {
        proxy_pass http://mobile;
        }
         proxy_pass http://default;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
     }
[root@lb01 nginx]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@lb01 nginx]# systemctl reload nginx

记得将之前环境中的其他模块一起修改或暂时注释掉，不然语法会报错

2.curl一下查看结果

curl -A 可以指定系统

[root@lb01 nginx]# curl 10.0.0.5/lidao.html
this is PC website
[root@lb01 nginx]# curl -A ios 10.0.0.5/lidao.html
this is Mobile website
[root@lb01 nginx]# curl -A Android 10.0.0.5/lidao.html
this is Mobile website

3.可以下载火狐浏览器查看

http://www.firefox.com.cn/
安装插件流程：

三、根据 URI 中的目录地址实现代理转发(动静分离)

添加一台测试web03节点—10.0.0.9
将web03的配置与web01和web02配置相同
(/app站点目录与nginx.conf配置文件)

1.准备环境

www.oldboy.com/upload/index.html
www.oldboy.com/static/index.html
www.oldboy.com/index.html

#web01:
mkdir -p /app/www/upload/index.html
echo this is upload >/app/www/index.html
[root@web01 ~]# cat /app/www/upload/index.html 
this is upload

#web02:
mkdir -p /app/www/static/index.html
echo this is static >/app/www/index.html
[root@web02 ~]# cat /app/www/static/index.html 
this is static

#web03:
mkdir -p /app/www/index.html  #之前已经有首页文件，只需修改内容
echo this is default >/app/www/index.html
[root@web03 ~]# cat /app/www/index.html 
this is default

2.配置 upstream 与location

定义upstream.

     upstream  upload {
     server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
     upstream static {
     server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
     upstream default {
     server 10.0.0.9:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }

添加location

     server {
     listen 80;
     server_name www.oldboy.com;
     location /upload {
         proxy_pass http://upload;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
     location /static {
         proxy_pass http://static;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
     location /default {
         proxy_pass http://default;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
     }

完整配置

[root@lb01 nginx]# vim nginx.conf 
....
     upstream  upload {
     server 10.0.0.7:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
     upstream static {
     server 10.0.0.8:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
     upstream default { 
     server 10.0.0.9:80 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=10s;
     }
#    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
     server {
     listen 80;
     server_name www.oldboy.com;
     location /upload {
         proxy_pass http://upload;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
     location /static {
         proxy_pass http://static;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
     location / {
         proxy_pass http://default;
         proxy_set_header Host $host;
         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
        }
     }
}
[root@lb01 nginx]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@lb01 nginx]# systemctl reload nginx

3.浏览器测试一下

上传静态动态(默认)

---

四、轮询算法

ip_hash
只要客户端ip地址相同就会被转发到同一台机器上

六、cookie与session会话区别

会话保持
cookie
session

1.共同点

存放用户信息
key value类型 变量和变量内容

2.区别

cookie：
存放在浏览器
存放钥匙
开发设置
响应服务器给你设置

session:
存放在服务器  
存放敏感信息

---

---