本文介绍了使用postman和es浏览器插件操作elasticsearch API的常用方法
本文使用的es浏览器插件时edge下的elasticvue，可以在edge的应用商店直接搜索安装，相较于es-head，这个插件一直在维护更新，使用还是很方便的
索引管理
查看索引
查看索引主要使用get方法，可以查看单个or多个索引，也可以查看索引的详细信息
创建索引
创建索引主要使用put方法，可以指定创建索引的主分片数和副本数，如果不指定参数，则默认创建5个分片及1个副本
创建好后，可以通过elasticvue插件查看
可以看到一个指定参数的索引，只有主分片没有副本
进一步点击查看索引详细信息
可以通过uuid在elasticsearch部署主机找到相应的数据存放目录
修改索引
通过put方法修改索引副本数
删除索引
使用delete方法即可删除索引
可以看到linux-beretxj-02索引已经被删除
索引别名
使用post方法，可同时创建多个索引的别名
可以通过get方法or浏览器插件查看别名
可以通过post方法删除索引别名
在删除前再给linux-bertxj-01创建一个别名
如果要修改索引别名，可以通过先删除，再新增的方法来实现
比如将linux-beretxj-03的bieming-03修改为aaaaa
打开关闭索引
关闭索引以后，索引将不可用，但数据还在，在生产中，可以先关闭，待确认清楚后再删除，以确保安全，如果确认后索引还有用，可以再打开，恢复索引的使用
可以看到索引状态已显示为close
使用post方法调用_open接口就可以打开
此外还可以使用通配符的方法同时对多个索引进行打开or关闭
管理文档
创建文档
以上为不指定id创建文档，也可以指定id创建文档
查看文档
也可以通过指定id，查看单条文档
修改文档
覆盖更新一条文档
局部更新
可以看到增加了一个字段
删除文档
使用delete方法，通过指定id删除
批量操作
批量创建文档
批量创建时，发现有报错，查阅文档后发现，es7以后的版本批量创建时，不用指定文档类型，但es6版本需要指定
POST _bulk
{ "index" : { "_index" : "test", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "1" } }
{ "field1" : "value1" }
{ "delete" : { "_index" : "test", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "2" } }
{ "create" : { "_index" : "test", "_type" : "_doc", "_id" : "3" } }
{ "field1" : "value3" }
{ "update" : {"_id" : "1", "_type" : "_doc", "_index" : "test"} }
{ "doc" : {"field2" : "value2"} }按照官方案例进行修改
{ "create": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1001} }
{ "name": "吴京","movie": ["太极宗师","流浪地球"],"country": "China"}
{ "create": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1002} }
{ "name": "a","movie": ["aaa","aaaa"],"country": "China"}
{ "create": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1003} }
{ "name": "b","movie": ["bbb","bbbb"],"country": "China"}
{ "create": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1004} }
{ "name": "c","movie": ["ccc","cccc"],"country": "China"} 
批量修改
{ "update": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1002} }
{ "doc": { "name": "a1","movie": ["1aaa","1aaaa"]} }
{ "update": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1003} }
{ "doc": { "name": "b1","movie": ["1bbb","1bbbb"]} }
{ "update": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1004} }
{ "doc": { "name": "c1","movie": ["1ccc","1cccc"]} } 
批量删除
{ "delete": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1002} }
{ "delete": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1003} }
{ "delete": { "_index": "linux-beretxj-01", "_type" : "_doc","_id": 1004} } 
批量查看
通过查看官方文档，批量查看需要使用_mget
如下方式进行查询
{
"docs": [
{
"_index": "linux-beretxj-01",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "OQlfkIUBwAMQjjM14rzC"
},
{
"_index": "linux-beretxj-01",
"_type": "_doc",
"_id": "1001"
}
]
} 
映射
创建索引时指定映射关系及ip案例
这里直接使用官方的案例
PUT my_index
{
"mappings": {
"_doc": {
"properties": {
"ip_addr": {
"type": "ip"
}
}
}
}
}
PUT my_index/_doc/1
{
"ip_addr": "192.168.1.1"
}
GET my_index/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"ip_addr": "192.168.0.0/16"
}
}
} 创建索引时指定映射关系
造测试数据
指定ip网段进行查询
为已创建的索引修改映射关系
根据官网，6.8版本的语法格式为：
PUT twitter/_mapping/_doc
{
"properties": {
"email": {
"type": "keyword"
}
}
}
插入几条信息后进行查询
IK分词器
内置英文分词器
IK中文分词器
从以下地址下载https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases?page=4
下载6.8.23版本，与elasticsearch版本一致
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# pwd
/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# ls -ld .
drwxr-xr-x 2 elasticsearch elasticsearch 4096 Jan 7 2022 .
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# mkdir ik
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# cd ik
[root@VM-20-10-centos ik]# wget https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v6.8.23/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.zip
--2023-01-08 19:15:30-- https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik/releases/download/v6.8.23/elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.zip
Resolving github.com (github.com)... 20.205.243.166
Connecting to github.com (github.com)|20.205.243.166|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/2993595/f25df4d6-dd2d-447b-acd5-dd5811e28d8d?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20230108%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20230108T111531Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=e413b87851160f50cd1165d3002b647ed0b0e2deabb60b958f2107fc828cba4d&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=2993595&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Delasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.zip&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream [following]
--2023-01-08 19:15:31-- https://objects.githubusercontent.com/github-production-release-asset-2e65be/2993595/f25df4d6-dd2d-447b-acd5-dd5811e28d8d?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIWNJYAX4CSVEH53A%2F20230108%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=20230108T111531Z&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Signature=e413b87851160f50cd1165d3002b647ed0b0e2deabb60b958f2107fc828cba4d&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&actor_id=0&key_id=0&repo_id=2993595&response-content-disposition=attachment%3B%20filename%3Delasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.zip&response-content-type=application%2Foctet-stream
Resolving objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)... 185.199.109.133, 185.199.108.133, 185.199.110.133, ...
Connecting to objects.githubusercontent.com (objects.githubusercontent.com)|185.199.109.133|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 4504589 (4.3M) [application/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.zip’
elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6 100%[=========================================>] 4.30M 14.6KB/s in 5m 16s
2023-01-08 19:20:48 (13.9 KB/s) - ‘elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.zip’ saved [4504589/4504589]
[root@VM-20-10-centos ik]# unzip elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.zip
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# chown -R elasticsearch:elasticsearch ik
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x 3 elasticsearch elasticsearch 4096 Jan 8 19:21 ik
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# ls -l ik
total 1432
-rw-r--r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 263965 Jan 18 2022 commons-codec-1.9.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 61829 Jan 18 2022 commons-logging-1.2.jar
drwxr-xr-x 2 elasticsearch elasticsearch 4096 Jan 18 2022 config
-rw-r--r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 54739 Jan 18 2022 elasticsearch-analysis-ik-6.8.23.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 736658 Jan 18 2022 httpclient-4.5.2.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 326724 Jan 18 2022 httpcore-4.4.4.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 1807 Jan 18 2022 plugin-descriptor.properties
-rw-r--r-- 1 elasticsearch elasticsearch 125 Jan 18 2022 plugin-security.policy
#重启elasticsearch
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# systemctl restart elasticsearch.service
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# systemctl status elasticsearch
● elasticsearch.service - Elasticsearch
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/elasticsearch.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Sun 2023-01-08 19:22:57 CST; 11s ago
Docs: http://www.elastic.co
Main PID: 2498058 (java)
Tasks: 21 (limit: 23722)
Memory: 1.2G
CGroup: /system.slice/elasticsearch.service
├─2498058 /bin/java -Xms1g -Xmx1g -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -X>
└─2498122 /usr/share/elasticsearch/modules/x-pack-ml/platform/linux-x86_64/bin/controller
Jan 08 19:22:57 VM-20-10-centos systemd[1]: Started Elasticsearch.
[root@VM-20-10-centos plugins]# ss -ntl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 511 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 1024 0.0.0.0:3307 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 50 [::ffff:127.0.0.1]:9600 *:*
LISTEN 0 1024 [::]:3307 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 1024 *:9200 *:*
LISTEN 0 1024 *:9300 *:*
LISTEN 0 1024 *:5044 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
LISTEN 0 100 [::1]:25 [::]:* 可以看到使用ik中文分词效果还是不错的
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