mybatis快速入门
1、什么是mybatis?
- mybatis是一款优秀的持久层框架。
- 它是一款半自动的ORM持久层框架
- 具有较高的SQL灵活性,支持高级映射(一对一,一对多),动态SQL,延迟加载和缓存等特性
- MyBatis中文文档:https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/zh/
- GitHub:https://github.com/mybatis/mybatis-3
mybatis核心对象: SqlSession
mybatis核心配置文件:mybatis-config.xml
mybatis 文件:
2、快速入门
环境:
-
JDK 17
-
mysql 8.0.3
-
maven 3.6
-
IDEA
1. 导入依赖
<!-- 导入依赖-->
<dependencies>
<!--mysql驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.29</version>
</dependency>
<!--mybatis依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!--junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败的问题-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>true</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
2. 根据数据库的表编写对应的实体类(pojo层)
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
}
//有参构造、无参构造、get、set、方法省略..s
3. 编写核心配置文件
方式1:直接编写
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration:-->
<configuration>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<!--此处value增加时区设置代码即可-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<!-- 每一个mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
<mapper resource="com/smile/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
mysql 8.0 以上需要在数据库链接地址加上时区设置
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useUnicode=true&serverTimezone=GMT"/>
**方式二:**通过外部配置文件
- 在resources文件内编写配置文件(此处我命名为:db.properties)
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8
username=root
password=123
- 编写mybatis.config.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--configuration:-->
<configuration>
<!--1.引入外部配置文件-->
<properties resource="db.properties"></properties>
<!--给实体类创建别名-->
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.smile.pojo.User" alias="user"/>
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<!--每一个mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
<mapper resource="com/smile/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
4. 编写mapper接口 和mapper.xml (dao层)
mapper接口文件:(编写方法)
package com.smile.dao;
import com.smile.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public interface UserMapper {
//获取所有的用户
List<User> getUserList();
//根据id查询用户
User getUserId(int id);
//增加用户
int addUser(User user);
//使用Map增加用户
int addUser2(Map<String,Object>map);
//修改用户
int UpdateUser(User user);
//删除用户
int DeleteUser(int id);
//使用模糊查询
List<User> getUserLike(String name);
}
mapper.xml文件:(编写具体的SQL操作)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace需要和对应的接口文件绑定-->
<mapper namespace="com.smile.dao.UserMapper">
<!--id是接口文件里对应方法的名称,resultType是参数类型-->
<select id="getUserList" resultType="com.smile.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user
</select>
<select id="getUserId" parameterType="int" resultType="com.smile.pojo.User" >
select * from mybatis.user where id = #{id}
</select>
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.smile.pojo.User">
insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values(#{id},#{name},#{pwd})
</insert>
<!--使用Map方式-->
<insert id="addUser2" parameterType="map">
insert into mybatis.user (id,name,pwd) values (#{id},#{name},#{pwd}) ;
</insert>
<update id="UpdateUser" parameterType="com.smile.pojo.User">
update mybatis.user set name = #{name},pwd = #{pwd} where id = #{id}
</update>
<delete id="DeleteUser" parameterType="int">
delete from mybatis.user where id = ${id}
</delete>
<!--模糊查询-->
<!--resultType:返回值类型-->
<select id="getUserLike" resultType="com.smile.pojo.User">
select * from mybatis.user where name like '%${mame}%' ;
</select>
</mapper>
编写完mapper.xml后第一时间去mybatis-config.xml 核心配置文件中注册mapper!
<mappers>
<!-- 使用此方法 每一个mapper.xml都需要在mybatis核心配置文件中注册-->
<!--单独加载某个指定的映射配置文件-->
<mapper resource="com/smile/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
方法二:(此方法自定加载指包内的所有映射配置文件)
<mappers>
<!--加载某包下所有的映射配置文件-->
<package name="com.smile.dao"/>
</mappers>
5.编写工具类
在pojo同级文件夹内编写工具类 utils
package com.smile.utils;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
//sqlSessionFactory ----》sqlSession
public class MybatisUtils {
//提升作用域
public static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory ;
static {
try {
// 核心配置文件classpath路径
String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
// 加载配置文件
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
// 构建会话工厂
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//既然有了 sqlSessionFactory,顾名思义,我们就可以从中获得 SqLSession 的实例了。
// sqLSession完全包含了面向数据库执行sQL命令所需的所有方法。
public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
//openSession(true) :开启自动提交事务
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
}
}
6. 测试
在text文件夹内建立同级的测试文件,建立测试类
package com.smile.dao;
import com.smile.pojo.User;
import com.smile.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class UserDaoTest {
//获取用户
@Test
public void getUserList(){
//1、使用工具类获取sqlSession 对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
//2、执行SQL
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
for (User user : userList) {
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
//关闭sqlSession
sqlSession.close();
}
//通过用户id查询用户
@Test
public void getUserId(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User userId = mapper.getUserId(2);
System.out.println(userId);
sqlSession.close();
}
//增加用户
@Test
public void addUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int xiaomi = mapper.addUser(new User(6, "Xiaomi3", "1232"));
if (xiaomi > 0 ){
System.out.println("插入成功!");
}
//提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
//关闭流
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void addUser2(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("name","xiaolu");
map.put("pwd","123123");
mapper.addUser2(map);
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
//增加用户
@Test
public void UpdateUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int oppo = mapper.UpdateUser(new User(4, "OPPO", "122"));
sqlSession.close();
}
//删除用户
@Test
public void DeleteUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int i = mapper.DeleteUser(6);
sqlSession.close();
}
//模糊查询用户
@Test
public void getUserLike(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> a = mapper.getUserLike("ao");
for (User user : a) {
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
sqlSession.close();
}
}
@Test
public void getUserId(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User userId = mapper.getUserId(2);
System.out.println(userId);
sqlSession.close();
}
//增加用户
@Test
public void addUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int xiaomi = mapper.addUser(new User(6, "Xiaomi3", "1232"));
if (xiaomi > 0 ){
System.out.println("插入成功!");
}
//提交事务
sqlSession.commit();
//关闭流
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void addUser2(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
map.put("name","xiaolu");
map.put("pwd","123123");
mapper.addUser2(map);
sqlSession.commit();
sqlSession.close();
}
//增加用户
@Test
public void UpdateUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int oppo = mapper.UpdateUser(new User(4, "OPPO", "122"));
sqlSession.close();
}
//删除用户
@Test
public void DeleteUser(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
int i = mapper.DeleteUser(6);
sqlSession.close();
}
//模糊查询用户
@Test
public void getUserLike(){
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
UserMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
List<User> a = mapper.getUserLike("ao");
for (User user : a) {
System.out.println(user.toString());
}
sqlSession.close();
}
}
getUserList 方法 测试结果: