SpringMVC入门（一）--a.入门搭建

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 16:11:11 发布

铁汉柔情li

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-09 16:11:11 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： java SpringMVC

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37306041/article/details/79979387

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了解：

javaEE体系结构：

应用层：application;

web层：struts2,springMVC;

业务层：spring;

持久层：Hibernate，mybatis;

1.SpringMVC简介：

SpringMVC是javaEE的web层MVC框架。类似Struts2

2.什么事MVC:

MVC是一种设计模式，M(模型model)、V(试图view)、C(控制controlor);--解耦和

3.springmvc 执行流程

4.springmvc 入门程序

4.1创建一个DynamicwebProject

4.2导入jar包

4.3 配置web.xml 文件

4.3.1 配置前端控制器

<!-- 配置SpringMVC前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <!-- 默认加载方式
  	   默认加载必须规范：
  	   * 文件命名：servlet-name-servlet.xml====springmvc-servlet.xml
  	   * 路径规范：必须在WEB-INF目录下面
   -->
   <!-- <init-param>
   <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
   <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>   
   </init-param> -->
  </servlet>
  
  <servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

4.4 配置springmvc-servlet.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 配置处理器映射器,springmvc默认的处理器映射器
BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping：根据bean(自定义Controler)的name属性的url去寻找hanler(Action:Controller)
 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置处理器适配器执行Controlelr ,springmvc默认的
SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter:执行Controller
-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResover" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
			<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
			<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置自定义控制器 -->
<bean name="/cccController.do" class="com.zit.controller.UserController"></bean>

</beans>

4.5 自定义Controller

package com.zit.controller;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;

public class UserController implements Controller {

	@Override
	public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
			
		ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
		mav.addObject(""
				+ "username", "欧阳夏丹");
		mav.addObject("userinfo", "springmvc从入门到精通！");
		
		System.out.println("****************************");
		mav.setViewName("index");
		return mav;
	}

}

4.6定义视图页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>用户名：</h1>
<a><h1>${username}</h1></a>
</body>
</html>

5.名词解释

5.1 处理器映射器

BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping

功能：寻找Controller

根据url请求去匹配bean的name属性url，从而获取Controller

SimpleUrlHandlerMaping

功能：寻找Controller

根据浏览器url匹配简单url的key，key又Controller的id找到Controller

ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping

功能：寻找Controller

根据类名（MyController）类名.do来访问,类名首字母小写

5.2 处理器适配器

SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter

功能：执行controller

调用controller里面方法，返回modelAndView。

HttpRequestHandlerAdapter

功能：执行controller

6.中文乱码解决

6.1Get请求乱码

6.2post乱码

Spring编码过滤器：在web.xml配置

<!-- post请求乱码解决 -->
  <filter>
  	<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
  	<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  	<init-param>
  		<param-name>encoding</param-name>
  		<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
  	</init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
  	<filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name>
  	<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

7.时间类型转换

/**
	 * 时间转换--spring mvc 自己的方法
	 */
	@Override
	protected void initBinder(HttpServletRequest request, 
			ServletRequestDataBinder binder) throws Exception {
		String str =request.getParameter("birthday");
		
		if(str.contains("/")) {
			binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, 
					new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd"), true));
		}else if(str.contains("-")) {
			binder.registerCustomEditor(Date.class, 
					new CustomDateEditor(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"), true));
		}
		
		
	}