spring-boot两小时入门笔记_两小时入门spring boot eclipse-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37350725/article/details/113608232

初始化好工程之后

入门

新建一个HelloController.java

package com.example.girl1;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class HelloController {
  @RequestMapping(value = "/girl",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String say(){
    return "1111111";
  }
}

在浏览器中输入localhost:8080/girl
内容就是1111111

启动方式

1. idea直接启动

2. mvn

mvn spring-boot:run

3. 打包成jar包启动

mvn install
cd target
java -jar jar包名

项目属性配置

resource 目录下将application.xxx修改成application.yml

server:
  port: 8080
  servlet:
    context-path: /first

之后访问就得：http://localhost:8080/first/girl

配置文件属性的使用

server:
  port: 8080
cupSize: A

HelloController.java中

@RestController
public class HelloController {
  // 通过注解把配置文件中的cupSize注入到变量中
  @Value("${cupSize}")
  private String cupSize;
  @RequestMapping(value = "/girl",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public String say(){
    return cupSize;
  }
}

打开浏览器就能看到cupSize了

属性多的时候就加个前缀来区分

新建一个类 GirlProperties.java

package com.example.girl1;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

// 获取前缀是girl的配置
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "girl")
public class GirlProperties {
  private  String cupSize;
  private  Integer age;

  public Integer getAge() {
    return age;
  }

  public void setAge(Integer age) {
    this.age = age;
  }


  public String getCupSize() {
    return cupSize;
  }

  public void setCupSize(String cupSize) {
    this.cupSize = cupSize;
  }
}

配置文件

server:
  port: 8080
girl:
  cupSize: A
  age: 18

HelloController

@RestController
public class HelloController {
  @Autowired
  private GirlProperties girlProperties;
  @RequestMapping(value = "/girl",method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public Integer say(){
    return girlProperties.getAge();
  }
}

这样就能做到用前缀来区分，自己打开浏览器看看就明白了

配置的开发环境和生产环境

application.yml

// application.yml
 spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev

application-dev.yml

server:
  port: 8080
girl:
  cupSize: B
  age: 18

application-prod.yml

server:
  port: 8081
girl:
  cupSize: A
  age: 20

可以在idea中启动开发环境，
在mvn install 后生成的jar包启动开发环境

java -jar jar包名 --spring.profiles.active=prod

Controller的使用

@Controller 处理http请求
@RestController Spring4之后新加的注解，原来返回json需要@RequestBody配合@Controller(RestController相当于这两个的组合RequestBody和Controller)
@RequestMapping 配置url映射

@RequestMapping

// 如果想访问两个
@RequestMapping(value = {"/girl","/hello"},method = RequestMethod.GET)

// 可以给类加，访问就得 ：localhost:8080/hello/girl了
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public class HelloController {
  @Autowired
  private GirlProperties girlProperties;
  @RequestMapping(value = {"/girl"},method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public Integer say(){
    return girlProperties.getAge();
  }
}
// RequestMethod方式有很多
可以使用postman来测试api

处理url里面的参数

@PathVariable 获取url里面的数据
@RequestParam 获取请求参数的值
@GetMapping 组合注解

@PathVariable

@RestController
public class HelloController {
  @Autowired
  private GirlProperties girlProperties;
  @RequestMapping(value = {"/girl/{id}"},method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public Integer say(@PathVariable("id") Integer myId){
    return myId;
  }
}
// localhost:8080/girl/100

@RequestParam

//localhost:8080/girl?id=100
@RestController
public class HelloController {
  @Autowired
  private GirlProperties girlProperties;
  @RequestMapping(value = {"/girl"},method = RequestMethod.GET)
  public Integer say(@RequestParam("id") Integer myId){
    return myId;
  }
}
// 另一种写法
@RestController
public class HelloController {
  @Autowired
  private GirlProperties girlProperties;
  @RequestMapping(value = {"/girl"},method = RequestMethod.GET)
  // 默认值和是否必须传入
  public Integer say(@RequestParam(value = "id",required = false,defaultValue = "10") Integer myId){
    return myId;
  }
}
// RequestMapping 可以写成GetMapping

数据库操作

在pom.xml导入包

// jpa和mysql的
  <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  </dependency>

结束后导入一下包

配置文件的配置

// 运行前先新建一个dbgirl的数据库，utf8mb4
// application.yml
spring:
  profiles:
    active: dev
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/dbgirl
    username: root
    password: 123456
  jpa:
    hibernate:
      ddl-auto: update // create会把之前的表删掉在新建一个
    show-sql: true

新建一个Girl类

package com.example.girl1;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
// 这个注解表示这个类就是对应数据库中的表
@Entity
public class Girl {
  @Id
  @GeneratedValue
  private Integer id;

  private String cupSize;

  private Integer age;

  public Girl() {

  }


  public Integer getAge() {
    return age;
  }

  public void setAge(Integer age) {
    this.age = age;
  }

  public Integer getId() {
    return id;
  }

  public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getCupSize() {
    return cupSize;
  }

  public void setCupSize(String cupSize) {
    this.cupSize = cupSize;
  }
}
// 之后表中的那些字段就是girl类中对应过去的

接口编写

get    /girls    获取女生列表

post    /girls    创建一个女生

get    /girls/id   通过id查询一个女生

put    /girls/id    通过id更新一个女生

delete    /girls/id    通过id删除一个女生

获取女生列表

新建一个GirlRepository.java的接口

package com.example.girl1;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
// Girl类名，Integer是id的类型
public interface GirlRepository extends JpaRepository<Girl,Integer> {

}

新建GirlController.java

package com.example.girl1;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;
@RestController
public class GirlController {
  @Autowired
  private GirlRepository girlRepository;
  /*
   * 查询女生列表
   * */
  @GetMapping(value = "/girls")
  public List<Girl> girlList(){
    return girlRepository.findAll();
  }
}
// 使用postman测试

创建一个女生

 /*
   * 新增一个女生
   * */
  @PostMapping(value = "/girls")
  public Girl girlAdd(@RequestParam("cupSize") String cupSize,
                      @RequestParam("age") Integer age){
    Girl girl = new Girl();
    girl.setCupSize(cupSize);
    girl.setAge(age);
    return  girlRepository.save(girl);
  }

通过id查询一个女生

 // 查询一个女生
  @GetMapping(value = "/girls/{id}")
  public Girl girlFindOne(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
    return  girlRepository.findById(id).orElse(null);
  }

通过id更新一个女生

  // 更新
  @PutMapping(value = "/girls/{id}")
  public Girl  girlUpdate(@PathVariable("id") Integer id,@RequestParam("cupSize") String cupSize,
                          @RequestParam("age") Integer age){
    Girl girl = new Girl();
    girl.setId(id);
    girl.setCupSize(cupSize);
    girl.setAge(age);
    return girlRepository.save(girl);

  }

通过id删除一个女生

 // 删除
    @DeleteMapping(value = "/girls/{id}")
    public  void  girlDelete(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
         girlRepository.deleteById(id);
    }

通过年龄查询女生列表

 // 通过年龄查询女生列表
    @GetMapping(value = "/girls/age/{age}")
    public List<Girl> girlListByAge(@PathVariable("age") Integer age){
        return  girlRepository.findByAge(age);
    }

GirlRepository.java中

package com.first.first;
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import java.util.List;

public interface GirlRepository extends JpaRepository<Girl,Integer> {
    // 通过年龄查询
    public List<Girl> findByAge(Integer age);
}

事务管理

需求是如果我有两条数据，一条插入失败的话另一条就不能插入，这时候需要加一个事务

GirlService.java

package com.example.girl1;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service
public class GirlService {
  @Autowired
  private GirlRepository girlRepository;
  @Transactional
  public void insertTwo(){
    Girl girlA= new Girl();
    girlA.setAge(10);
    girlA.setCupSize("B");
    girlRepository.save(girlA);

    Girl girlB= new Girl();
    girlA.setAge(11);
    girlA.setCupSize("F");
    girlRepository.save(girlB);
  }
}

// 在Girlcontroller里新增

@Autowired
  private GirlService girlService;
  
@PostMapping(value = "/girls/two")
  public void girlTwo(){
    girlService.insertTwo();
  }