GoogleTest笔记

1. 下载GoogleTest代码

$ git clone https://github.com/google/googletest.git

2. cmake和源代码

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(MyProject)

# 添加 Google Test 作为外部项目
add_subdirectory(googletest)

# 添加你的项目源文件
add_executable(MyExecutable test_my_code.cpp)

target_link_libraries(
  MyExecutable
  GTest::gtest_main
)

test_my_code.cpp

#include <gtest/gtest.h>

int Factorial(int n) {
  int result = 1;
  for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
    result *= i;
  }

  return result;
}

TEST(FactorialTest, HandlesZeroInput) {
  EXPECT_EQ(Factorial(0), 1);
}


TEST(FactorialTest, HandlesPositiveInput) {
  EXPECT_EQ(Factorial(1), 1);
  EXPECT_EQ(Factorial(2), 2);
  EXPECT_EQ(Factorial(3), 6);
  EXPECT_EQ(Factorial(8), 40320);
}

3. build & run

$ mkdir build & cd build
$ cmake ..
$ make
$ ./MyExecutable
Running main() from googletest/googletest/src/gtest_main.cc
[==========] Running 2 tests from 1 test suite.
[----------] Global test environment set-up.
[----------] 2 tests from FactorialTest
[ RUN      ] FactorialTest.HandlesZeroInput
[       OK ] FactorialTest.HandlesZeroInput (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] FactorialTest.HandlesPositiveInput
[       OK ] FactorialTest.HandlesPositiveInput (0 ms)
[----------] 2 tests from FactorialTest (0 ms total)

[----------] Global test environment tear-down
[==========] 2 tests from 1 test suite ran. (2 ms total)
[  PASSED  ] 2 tests.

4. gMock

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
project(MyProject)

# 添加 Google Test 作为外部项目
add_subdirectory(googletest)

# 添加你的项目源文件
add_executable(MyMockExample demo_mock.cpp)
target_link_libraries(MyMockExample GTest::gmock_main)

demo_mock.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include <gmock/gmock.h>

// 被测类接口
class FooInterface {
public:
    virtual ~FooInterface() {}
    virtual int GetValue() const = 0;
};

// 模拟对象类，继承自 FooInterface
class MockFoo : public FooInterface {
public:
    MOCK_METHOD(int, GetValue, (), (const, override));
};

// 测试用例
TEST(MyTest, TestGetValue) {
    MockFoo mockFoo; // 创建模拟对象
    EXPECT_CALL(mockFoo, GetValue()) // 定义模拟对象的行为
        .WillOnce(testing::Return(42)); // 当 GetValue 被调用时，返回 42

    // 执行测试代码，假设被测类在某处调用了 mockFoo.GetValue()
    int result = mockFoo.GetValue();

    // 验证方法是否按预期被调用
    EXPECT_EQ(result, 42);
}

TEST(MyTest, TestMethodCallTimes) {
    MockFoo mock; // 创建模拟对象

    // 定义模拟对象的行为
    EXPECT_CALL(mock, GetValue())
        .Times(3) // 该方法期望被调用 3 次
        .WillRepeatedly(testing::Return(42));

    // 调用模拟对象的方法
    int result1 = mock.GetValue();
    int result2 = mock.GetValue();
    int result3 = mock.GetValue();
    int result4 = mock.GetValue();

    // 验证方法是否按预期被调用
    EXPECT_EQ(result1, 42);
    EXPECT_EQ(result2, 42);
    EXPECT_EQ(result3, 42);
}

TEST(MyTest, TestMethodWillOnce) {
    MockFoo mock; // Create a mock object

    // Set expectations for two consecutive calls to GetValue()
    EXPECT_CALL(mock, GetValue())
        .WillOnce(testing::Return(42))     // First call returns 42
        .WillOnce(testing::Return(200));   // Second call returns 100

    // Call the mock method twice
    int result1 = mock.GetValue();
    int result2 = mock.GetValue();

    // Verify the results
    EXPECT_EQ(result1, 42);
    EXPECT_EQ(result2, 100);
}


int main(int argc, char** argv) {
    testing::InitGoogleMock(&argc, argv);
    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}

测试结果

$ ./MyMockExample
[==========] Running 3 tests from 1 test suite.
[----------] Global test environment set-up.
[----------] 3 tests from MyTest
[ RUN      ] MyTest.TestGetValue
[       OK ] MyTest.TestGetValue (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] MyTest.TestMethodCallTimes
/home/demo/mybolog/gt/demo_mock.cpp:35: Failure
Mock function called more times than expected - returning default value.
    Function call: GetValue()
          Returns: 0
         Expected: to be called 3 times
           Actual: called 4 times - over-saturated and active

[  FAILED  ] MyTest.TestMethodCallTimes (0 ms)
[ RUN      ] MyTest.TestMethodWillOnce
/home/demo/mybolog/gt/demo_mock.cpp:65: Failure
Expected equality of these values:
  result2
    Which is: 200
  100

[  FAILED  ] MyTest.TestMethodWillOnce (0 ms)
[----------] 3 tests from MyTest (1 ms total)

[----------] Global test environment tear-down
[==========] 3 tests from 1 test suite ran. (1 ms total)
[  PASSED  ] 1 test.
[  FAILED  ] 2 tests, listed below:
[  FAILED  ] MyTest.TestMethodCallTimes
[  FAILED  ] MyTest.TestMethodWillOnce

 2 FAILED TESTS