使用Intellij idea搭建SSM 框架

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-05 09:30:44 发布

似鹿非鹿

最新推荐文章于 2023-05-05 09:30:44 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37396314/article/details/85412992

版权

本文是学习《SSM在线学生管理系统》的笔记，详细记录了如何使用Intellij IDEA创建项目并集成Spring、SpringMVC和MyBatis。从创建项目到配置web.xml，再到编写Controller和Service，最后进行MyBatis测试和Log4j集成，一步步详解了整个过程。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

此篇文章是我在网易云课堂上学习《SSM在线学生管理系统》的笔记，如有侵权，请联系我删掉文章

1.创建intellij idea项目

之后点finish即可。

这是生成的项目样子【若发现自己生成的项目少了src文件等文件，稍等一下便是】

2.集成Spring和SpringMVC

因为spring和springmvc的集成比较好测试，我们先从这两个的集成开始

1.导入jar包

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>zxl.lab.web</groupId>
  <artifactId>LabWeb_SSM</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>LabWeb_SSM Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax</groupId>
      <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
      <version>7.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- spring -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
          <version>4.2.6.RELEASE</version>
      </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.batch</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-batch-infrastructure</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.7.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- dbcp -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
       <version>2.2</version>
     </dependency>

      <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
          <version>1.3.1</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-pool</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId>
          <version>1.5.3</version>
      </dependency>
    <!-- jdbc驱动包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 添加日志支持 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>1.7.12</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>asm</groupId>
      <artifactId>asm</artifactId>
      <version>3.3.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>cglib</groupId>
      <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.javassist</groupId>
      <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
      <version>3.18.1-GA</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- json对应MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter,2.x版本以上 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.8.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.10</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- 添加mybatis支持 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.4.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis-spring -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis.generator/mybatis-generator-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-generator-core</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.5</version>
    </dependency>

    <!--aspect-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
          <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
          <version>1.6.8</version>
      </dependency>
    <!--aopalliance-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
          <artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
          <version>1.0</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
          <version>RELEASE</version>
          <scope>compile</scope>
      </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
      <version>RELEASE</version>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>junit</groupId>
          <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
          <version>4.12</version>
          <scope>compile</scope>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>LabWeb_SSM</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
  </build>
</project>

2.Spring配置文件

Spring配置文件和SpringMVC配置文件是分开的。在resources文件夹中添加applicationContext.xml文件【注意：在自己添加resources等包的时候右键文件夹->Mark Directory as->resources。若是java文件夹则是sources,test文件夹下的java和resourses在选择的时候要选前面有test字样的】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

</beans>

3.SpringMVC配置文件

在resources文件夹中添加applicationContext-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
    <!-- 开启静态资源访问 -->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!-- 开启springmvc注解配置 -->
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <!--扫描包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="zxl.web.controller"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 视图解析器配置 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 配置前缀和后缀 -->
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/WEB-INF/views/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!--文件上传配置 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
        <!-- 最大值配置 -->
        <property name="maxUploadSize">
            <value>200000</value>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

controller直接在选择显示在浏览器上的页面，因此base-package的地址应该为所建立包下controller类所在的包名

视图解析器配置我们要找的jsp文件的位置，我在webapp->WEB-INF->views中放需要的jsp页面，.jsp为要找的文件后缀

文件具体存放位置如下

3.配置web.xml

web.xml文件在webapp->WEB-INF->web.xml下

web.xml配置目的

1）解决编码问题

2）springmvc核心控制器

3)spring的监听器

4)spring文件扫描路径

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:web="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4">

  <display-name>LabWeb</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

  <!-- post提交中文乱码的过滤器 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <!-- 按照什么格式进行转码 -->
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 加载spring配置文件 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

    <!--加载log文件-->
    <context-param>
        <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:resources/log4j.properties</param-value>
    </context-param>


    <!-- 		启动的时候加载spring的配置文件 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- 		启动的时候加载spring-mvc的配置文件 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>

  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

注意：用intellij idea直接生成的web.xml文件开头是这样的

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC

 "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"

 "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >



<web-app>

  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

</web-app>

无法识别el表达示，在后面使用MODEL的时候${student}会在页面上直接生成${student}而不是student所代表的数值，将其替换如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:web="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4">



</web-app>

4.创建Controller类

位置

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController {
	
	@RequestMapping("/index")
	public String index() {
		return " student/index";
	}
	
}

5.对Springmvc进行测试

我们在student/index页面上随便输入点东西


<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
Spring和SpringMVC整合完毕


</body>
</html>

运行->在浏览器中输入student/index

界面显示“Spring和SpringMVC整合完毕” 则成功

3.集成Spring和MyBatis

因为Spring是项目管理专家，可以和各个框架进行整合

1.导入jar包【这步已经实现】

2.在spring中中配置mybatis内容

顺序为

Jdbc.properties(资源文件)->dataSource（数据源）->sql SessionFactory-->mapper->service-->action

1.jdbc配置文件

在resources中添加jdbc.properties

jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql:///yourdatabase
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=yourpassword

在配置jdbc.properties

username即电脑安装mysql的时候的username，一般都是root,也可以添加其他user信息，但是权限不同，最大的就是root。此处的password则是安装Mysql的时候设置的root的password，只有一致才能连接mysql数据库，用什么软件都一样，不论是Intellij idea还是navicat。

2.配置数据源

applicationContext.xml

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--datasource的配置-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <!-- 依赖注入连接池需要的属性 -->
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

3.SqlSessionFactoryBean

applicationContext.xml

<!--sqlsessionfactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!--  引入数据源-->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <!--加载所有的mapper.xml路径-->
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/><!--对应的是resources文件夹里面-->
    <!--配置别名-->
    <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="zxl.web.domain"/>
</bean>

intellij idea中java文件下是不会识别除类以外的文件的，将*Mapper.xml放到resources下面

别名为domain下的即实体对应的类

4.StudentMapper接口

package zxl.web.mapper;

import zxl.web.domain.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface StudentMapper {

   public List<Student>queryAll();//返回全体学生
}

5.StudentMapper文件

在resources下建立一个mapper包

StudentMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace用来找唯一的Mapper文件 一般是domain的全路径名+Mapper -->
<mapper namespace="zxl.web.mapper.StudentMapper">

    <select id="queryAll"  resultType="Student">
 		select * from t_student
 	</select>

</mapper>

6.配置扫描Mapper的接口

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--datasource的配置-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
    <!-- 依赖注入连接池需要的属性 -->
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>

<!--sqlsessionfactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!--  引入数据源-->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
    <!--加载所有的mapper.xml路径-->
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/><!--对应的是resources文件夹里面-->
    <!--配置别名-->
    <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="zxl.web.domain"/>
</bean>

<!--配置以后java包下面的Mapper包中的函数执行回投射到resources下的domain下的*Mapper-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <!--   扫描mapper接口的包路径 -->
    <property name="basePackage" value="zxl.web.mapper" />
</bean>

<!--扫描Service层-->
<context:component-scan base-package="zxl.web.service"/>

</beans>

7. 对MyBatis进行测试

package zxl.web.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import zxl.web.domain.Student;
import zxl.web.mapper.StudentMapper;

import java.util.List;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class TestMyBatis {
    @Autowired
    StudentMapper mapper;

    @Test
    public void testMyBatis()throws Exception{
        List<Student>lists=mapper.queryAll();
        for(Student student:lists){
            System.out.println(student);
        }
    }

}

右键运行TestMyBatis，可以看到输出student的内容

8.配置service层

IStudentService

package zxl.web.service;

import zxl.web.domain.Student;

import java.util.List;

public interface IStudentService {
    public List<Student> queryAll();//返回全体学生
}

StudentServiceImpl

package zxl.web.service.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import zxl.web.domain.Student;
import zxl.web.mapper.StudentMapper;
import zxl.web.service.IStudentService;

import java.util.List;

@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements IStudentService {
    @Autowired
    StudentMapper mapper;

    @Override
    public List<Student> queryAll() {
        return mapper.queryAll();
    }
}

配置Service的扫描路径

applicationContext.xml

<!--扫描Service层-->
<context:component-scan base-package="zxl.web.service"/>

9.对Service进行测试

更改Controller

package zxl.web.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import zxl.web.domain.Student;
import zxl.web.service.IStudentService;


import java.util.List;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")//路径
public class StudentController {
    //注入service层
    @Autowired
    private IStudentService studentService;

    @RequestMapping("/index")
    public String index(Model model)
    {
        System.out.println("SpringMVC配置成功");
        //WEB-INF/views/student/index.jsp
        List<Student>lists=studentService.queryAll();
        model.addAttribute("students",lists);//存到model里面，页面可以取出来
        System.out.println(lists);
        return "student/index";
    }

}

4.Log4j集成

在resources下面创建log4j.properties文件

log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, stdout

log4j.zxl.web=TRACE

#输出信息到控制台
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m%n

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