Java设计模式-中介者模式(Mediator)

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一、中介者模式

用一个中介对象来封装一系列的对象交互。中介者使各个对象业务之间不显示的相互调用，从而使其耦合松散，而且可以独立地改变他们之间的交互。

二、中介者模式示例代码

以房产中介为例，如果没有房产中介，购房需要客户到各个楼盘进行咨询房子的信息，房产中介可以为顾客提供所有楼盘的信息。

1.定义抽象中介类

/**
 * 房产中介
 */
public abstract class HouseMediator {

    public abstract void sendHouseInfo(String houseInfo);
}

2.具体的抽象中介实现类

代码如下：

public class HouseMediatorA extends HouseMediator{
    @Override
    public void sendHouseInfo(String houseInfo) {
        System.out.println("HouseMediatorA:"+houseInfo);
    }
}

3.定义具体类

package behavior.Mediator;

/**
 * 楼盘信息
 */
public class CommercialBuilding {
    private String houseDesc;
    private String housePrice;
    private String houseAddr;

    private HouseMediator houseMediator;

    public CommercialBuilding(String houseDesc, String housePrice, String houseAddr,HouseMediator houseMediator) {
        this.houseDesc = houseDesc;
        this.housePrice = housePrice;
        this.houseAddr = houseAddr;
        this.houseMediator = houseMediator;
    }

    public String getHouseDesc() {
        return houseDesc;
    }

    public void setHouseDesc(String houseDesc) {
        this.houseDesc = houseDesc;
    }

    public String getHousePrice() {
        return housePrice;
    }

    public void setHousePrice(String housePrice) {
        this.housePrice = housePrice;
    }

    public String getHouseAddr() {
        return houseAddr;
    }

    public void setHouseAddr(String houseAddr) {
        this.houseAddr = houseAddr;
    }

    /**
     * 发布房产信息
     *
     */
    public void sendHouseInfo(){
        String houseInfo  = "CommercialBuilding[" +
                "houseDesc='" + houseDesc + '\'' +
                ", housePrice='" + housePrice + '\'' +
                ", houseAddr='" + houseAddr + '\'' +
                ']';
        houseMediator.sendHouseInfo(houseInfo);
    }



}

4.测试

public class MediatorDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        CommercialBuilding commercialBuilding = new CommercialBuilding("A","9000/m^2","北京路",new HouseMediatorA());
        commercialBuilding.sendHouseInfo();

        commercialBuilding = new CommercialBuilding("B","10000/m^2","上海路",new HouseMediatorA());
        commercialBuilding.sendHouseInfo();
    }
}

打印：

HouseMediatorA:CommercialBuilding[houseDesc='A', housePrice='9000/m^2', houseAddr='北京路']
HouseMediatorA:CommercialBuilding[houseDesc='B', housePrice='10000/m^2', houseAddr='上海路']

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总结

抽象中介者（Mediator）角色：抽象中介者角色定义统一的接口用于各同事角色之间的通信。具体中介者（Concrete Mediator）角色：具体中介者角色通过协调各同事角色实现协作行为，因此它必须依赖于各个同事角色。同事（Colleague）角色：每一个同事角色都知道中介者角色，而且与其他的同事角色通信的时候，一定要通过中介者角色协作。每个同事类的行为分为两种：一种是同事本身的行为，比如改变对象本身的状态，处理自己的行为等等，这种方法叫做自发行为(Self-Method)，与其他的同事类或中介者没有任何的依赖；第二种是是必须依赖中介者才能完成的行为，叫做依赖方法（Dep-Method）。