java 将字符串转化为 整数

牛客题目链接

1. 题目考点

1. 整数溢出判断
2. 符号处理

2. 考点解析

1. 分上溢出和下溢出

public int atoi (String str) {
    // write code here
    if (str == null || str.length() == 0) return 0;
    // 处理前导空格
    str = str.trim();
    // 注意：symbol 默认为 1
    int symbol = 1, i = 0;
    if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
        symbol = -1;
        i = 1;
    }
    if (str.charAt(0) == '+') i = 1;
    
    int sum = 0, n = 0, max = Integer.MAX_VALUE, min = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (; i < str.length(); i++) {
        char c = str.charAt(i);
        n = symbol * (c - '0');
        // 特殊字符处理
        if (c > '9') break;
        // 上溢出处理
        if (sum > max / 10 || (sum == max / 10 && max % 10 < c - '0' ))
            return max;
        // 下溢出处理
        if (sum < min / 10 || (sum == min / 10 && min % 10 > c - '0'))
            return min;
        sum = sum * 10 + n;
    }
    return sum;
}

2. 统一判断，上溢出包含假下溢出 max % 10 = 7，而 min % 10 = 8，当 sum = min，7 < 8 也满足上溢出条件

public int atoi (String str) {
    // write code here
    if (str == null || str.length() == 0) return 0;
    str = str.trim();
    int symbol = 1, i = 0;
    if (str.charAt(0) == '-') {
        symbol = -1;
        i = 1;
    }
    if (str.charAt(0) == '+') i = 1;
    
    int sum = 0, max = Integer.MAX_VALUE, min = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
    for (; i < str.length(); i++) {
        char c = str.charAt(i);
        if (c > '9') break;
        if (sum > max / 10 || (sum == max / 10 && max % 10 < c - '0' ))
            return symbol == 1 ? max : min;
        sum = sum * 10 + c - '0';
            
    }
    
    return symbol * sum;
}