docker 的安装以及简单centos镜像制作、启动_docker 精简的centos镜像-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37426805/article/details/79832400

1.安装docker

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ ~]# yum install docker

2.查看 docker 是否成功

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ ~]# docker

会显示相关的docker命令

3.宿主机 /data下载好tomcat和jdk

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ data]# ll
total 194628
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9532698 Mar 5 21:50 apache-tomcat-8.5.29.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 189756259 Dec 21 03:10 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1522988861_96ffdef6b5315866dc4e0e7fcc908849
[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ data]#

3.2 下载docker image，这里下载的是centos

docker pull centos

4.启动docker容器，并挂载目录到docker容器内

启动容器：

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ data]# docker run -i -t -v /data:/mnt/software 2d194b392dd1 /bin/bash

进入容器：

[root@cece81dcd1b2 /]# ll
total 56
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11976 Mar 2 01:07 anaconda-post.log
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Mar 2 01:06 bin -> usr/bin
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 360 Apr 6 04:50 dev
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Apr 6 04:50 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 home
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 7 Mar 2 01:06 lib -> usr/lib
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Mar 2 01:06 lib64 -> usr/lib64
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 media
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Apr 6 04:50 mnt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 opt
dr-xr-xr-x 84 root root 0 Apr 6 04:50 proc
dr-xr-x--- 2 root root 4096 Mar 2 01:07 root
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Apr 6 04:50 run
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 Mar 2 01:06 sbin -> usr/sbin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 srv
dr-xr-xr-x 13 root root 0 Apr 6 04:50 sys
drwxrwxrwt 7 root root 4096 Mar 2 01:07 tmp
drwxr-xr-x 13 root root 4096 Mar 2 01:06 usr

drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 4096 Mar 2 01:07 var

查看挂载点：

[root@cece81dcd1b2 /]# ll /mnt/software
total 194628
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9532698 Mar 5 13:50 apache-tomcat-8.5.29.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 189756259 Dec 20 19:10 jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz?AuthParam=1522988861_96ffdef6b5315866dc4e0e7fcc908849

[root@cece81dcd1b2 /]#

宿主机的/data 中的数据都可使用

5. 解压 jdk和tomcat 分别到/usr/local/jdk和/usr/local/tomcat

在usr/local中分别创建jdk和tomcat

[root@cece81dcd1b2 local]# mkdir jdk tomcat
[root@cece81dcd1b2 local]# ll
total 48
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 games
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 include
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 6 04:57 jdk
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 lib
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 lib64
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 libexec
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Mar 2 01:06 share
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 5 2016 src
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 6 04:57 tomcat
[root@cece81dcd1b2 local]#

解压jdk：

[root@cece81dcd1b2 jdk]# tar -zxvf /mnt/software/jdk-8u161-linux-x64.tar.gz\?AuthParam\=1522988861_96ffdef6b5315866dc4e0e7fcc908849

解压tomcat：

[root@cece81dcd1b2 tomcat]# tar -zxvf /mnt/software/apache-tomcat-8.5.29.tar.gz

6. 配置jdk环境变量

[root@cece81dcd1b2 etc]# vi /etc/profile

把下面的路径添加到最后：

#config jdk environment path

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_161

export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH

查看 jdk 安装

[root@cece81dcd1b2 /]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_161"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b12, mixed mode)
[root@cece81dcd1b2 /]#

7.退出容器

exit

8.查看刚才进入的容器

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
cece81dcd1b2 2d194b392dd1 "/bin/bash" 43 minutes ago Exited (1) About a minute ago reverent_lovelace

9621dbb1999e 516082cd94fa "catalina.sh run" 39 hours ago Exited (143) 5 seconds ago competent_shockley

9.根据某个容器id，创建新的镜像

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]# docker commit cece81dcd1b2 javaweb:1.0
sha256:473aa6b18d586d5c8258171d7bb3c84b1980c7f4b6dc64afd1aed5e985cb2b23

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]#

cece81dcd1b2 :容器id

javaweb:1.0：新的镜像名

查看镜像：

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]# docker images

REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE

javaweb 1.0 473aa6b18d58 About a minute ago 613 MB
docker.io/tomcat latest 516082cd94fa 2 weeks ago 547 MB
docker.io/centos latest 2d194b392dd1 4 weeks ago 195 MB

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]#

10.启动创建新的容器

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]# docker run -i -t -p 8080:8080 --name javaweb 473aa6b18d58 /bin/bash

-i：交互模式

-t：进入命令模式

-p：端口映射宿主机端口：docker端口

--name：给启动容器起名字

473aa6b18d58 ：镜像id 或者镜像名字也行

/bin/bash : linux启动加载的

[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]#

11.在a7bbefc5c0c8 启动 tomcat

先加载jdk环境变量配置：

[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]# source /etc/profile

[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]# java -version

java version "1.8.0_161"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_161-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.161-b12, mixed mode)

[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]#

启动 tomcat：

[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]# ./usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.29/bin/startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.29
Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.29
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.29/temp
Using JRE_HOME: /usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_161
Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.29/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.29/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]#

查看tomcat是否启动：

[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]# ps -ef

UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD
root 1 0 0 05:44 ? 00:00:00 /bin/bash
root 60 1 2 05:54 ? 00:00:03 /usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_161/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-8.5.29/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=o
root 104 1 0 05:56 ? 00:00:00 ps -ef
[root@a7bbefc5c0c8 /]#

12. 后台启动dcoker

ctrl+p+q：后台运行docker

查看：

[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
a7bbefc5c0c8 473aa6b18d58 "/bin/bash" 19 minutes ago Up 19 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp javaweb
[root@iZ2ze82p1dogve7neb5tuoZ /]#

13.现在在浏览器输入 ip:8080 ，就可以看到tomcat主页了

success!