Quartz 源码解析(一) —— 基本介绍

一：Quartz是什么

Quartz提供了一些Scheduler(调度策略)，以便我们管理和执行Job(任务)。

官网介绍：

Quartz是一个功能丰富、开源的任务调度库，它可以被集成到所有的Java程序，无论是很小的单节点还是规模庞大的商业系统。Quartz可以被用来创建简单或者复杂的调度策略，以执行成千上万的任务。任务一般是指一个标准的Java组件，实际上可以是你写代码指定的任何逻辑。Quartz Scheduler还包括很多企业级的特性，例如JTA事务控制和集群。

二：源码下载

下载地址

 

三：怎么使用Quartz

大致步骤：

1. 创建SchedulerFactory
2. 创建Scheduler
3. 创建JobDetail
4. 创建Trigger
5. 注册到Scheduler：scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger)
6. 启动Scheduler：scheduler.start()

实例代码

以非集群的RamJob为例

• RAMJob.java

package org.quartz.entity;

import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;

import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author lizhangyu
 * @date 2022/4/25 11:19
 */
public class RAMJob implements Job {

    @Override
    public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
        System.out.println("Hello Quartz: " + new Date() + " " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }

}

• RAMJobTest.java

package org.quartz.entity;

import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

/**
 * @author lizhangyu
 * @date 2022/4/25 11:23
 */
public class RAMJobTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException{
        /**
         * JobDetail：用来绑定Job，并且在job执行的时候携带一些执行的信息
         */
        //创建一个JobDetail实例，将该实例与HelloJob Class绑定
        JobDetail jobDetail = JobBuilder.newJob(RAMJob.class)
                .withIdentity("rmaJob", "rmaGroup").build();

        /**
         * Trigger：用来触发job去执行的，包括定义了什么时候去执行，
         * 第一次执行，是否会一直重复地执行下去，执行几次等
         */
        //创建一个Trigger实例，定义该job立即执行，并且每隔2秒钟重复执行一次，直到程序停止
        /**
         * trigger通过builder模式来创建，TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
         * withIdentity():定义一个标识符，定义了组
         * startNow()：定义现在开始执行，
         * withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()：withSchedule也是builder模式创建
         *.withIntervalInSeconds(2).repeatForever())：定义了执行频度：每2秒钟执行一次，不间断地重复执行
         * build()：创建trigger
         */
        Trigger trigger = TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
                .withIdentity("rmaTrigger", "rmaTriggerGroup").startNow()
                .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/3 * * * * ?")).build();

        //创建scheduler实例：
        /**
         * scheduler区别于trigger和jobDetail，是通过factory模式创建的
         */
        //创建一个ScheduleFactory
        SchedulerFactory sfact = new StdSchedulerFactory();
        Scheduler scheduler = sfact.getScheduler();
        scheduler.start();

        //打印当前时间
        Date date = new Date();
        SimpleDateFormat sf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
        System.out.println("当前的时间为(HelloScheduler)：" + sf.format(date));

        //需要将jobDetail和trigger传进去，并将jobDetail和trigger绑定在一起。
        scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail, trigger);
    }
}

• 程序主要输出

D:\java\jdk1.8\bin\java.exe "-javaagent:D:\idea\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1.6\lib\idea_rt.jar=60579:D:\idea\IntelliJ IDEA 2018.1.6\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\charsets.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\deploy.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\javaws.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jce.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfr.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\jsse.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\plugin.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\resources.jar;D:\java\jdk1.8\jre\lib\rt.jar;F:\idea_resource_code\quartz\quartz-core\target\test-classes;F:\idea_resource_code\quartz\quartz-core\target\classes;D:\Maven\repository\com\mchange\c3p0\0.9.5.5\c3p0-0.9.5.5.jar;D:\Maven\repository\com\mchange\mchange-commons-java\0.2.19\mchange-commons-java-0.2.19.jar;D:\Maven\repository\com\zaxxer\HikariCP\3.4.5\HikariCP-3.4.5.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-api\1.7.36\slf4j-api-1.7.36.jar;D:\Maven\repository\javax\xml\bind\jaxb-api\2.3.1\jaxb-api-2.3.1.jar;D:\Maven\repository\javax\activation\javax.activation-api\1.2.0\javax.activation-api-1.2.0.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\apache\openejb\javaee-api\5.0-2\javaee-api-5.0-2.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\slf4j\slf4j-reload4j\1.7.36\slf4j-reload4j-1.7.36.jar;D:\Maven\repository\ch\qos\reload4j\reload4j\1.2.19\reload4j-1.2.19.jar;D:\Maven\repository\log4j\log4j\1.2.17\log4j-1.2.17.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\hamcrest\hamcrest-library\1.2\hamcrest-library-1.2.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\hamcrest\hamcrest-core\1.2\hamcrest-core-1.2.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\mockito\mockito-all\1.9.5\mockito-all-1.9.5.jar;D:\Maven\repository\junit\junit-dep\4.8.2\junit-dep-4.8.2.jar;D:\Maven\repository\asm\asm\3.2\asm-3.2.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\apache\derby\derby\10.8.2.2\derby-10.8.2.2.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\apache\derby\derbynet\10.8.2.2\derbynet-10.8.2.2.jar;D:\Maven\repository\org\apache\derby\derbyclient\10.8.2.2\derbyclient-10.8.2.2.jar org.quartz.entity.RAMJobTest
2022-04-26 22:20:34,724 INFO [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] - Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor
2022-04-26 22:20:34,768 INFO [org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool] - Job execution threads will use class loader of thread: main
2022-04-26 22:20:34,821 INFO [org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl] - Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl
2022-04-26 22:20:34,821 INFO [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] - Quartz Scheduler v2.4.0-SNAPSHOT created.
2022-04-26 22:20:34,822 INFO [org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore] - RAMJobStore initialized.
2022-04-26 22:20:34,832 INFO [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] - Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.4.0-SNAPSHOT) 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
  Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
  NOT STARTED.
  Currently in standby mode.
  Number of jobs executed: 0
  Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
  Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.

2022-04-26 22:20:34,832 INFO [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] - Quartz scheduler 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: 'quartz.properties'
2022-04-26 22:20:34,832 INFO [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory] - Quartz scheduler version: 2.4.0-SNAPSHOT
2022-04-26 22:20:34,833 INFO [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] - Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
当前的时间为(HelloScheduler)：2022-04-26 22:20:34
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:36 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-1
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:39 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-2
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:42 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-3
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:45 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-4
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:48 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-5
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:51 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-6
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:54 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-7
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:20:57 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-8
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:21:00 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-9
Hello Quartz: Tue Apr 26 22:21:03 CST 2022 DefaultQuartzScheduler_Worker-10