C++练习实例———控制台实现坦克大战小游戏

    本篇文章总结一下我在网上看到的一个C++坦克大战小游戏，我在原有的基础上加入了技能功能，并对碰撞代码进行了改进，然后将代码进行了整理，感觉很有意思。游戏中用到了EasyX图形库，这个库非常小巧轻便，下载地址：https://www.easyx.cn/downloads/ 

    现在正文开始，首先，创建一个简单的坐标类

#ifndef POINT_H
#define POINT_H
//坐标类
class Point
{
public:
	Point(int x = 0, int y = 0) : m_x(x), m_y(y) {};
	~Point() {};
	Point& operator=(const Point &p)
	{
		m_x = p.m_x;
		m_y = p.m_y;
		return *this;
	}
	void Set(int x, int y){
		m_x = x;
		m_y = y;
	}
	void SetX(int x) { m_x = x; }
	void SetY(int y) { m_y = y; }
	int GetX() const{ return m_x; }
	int GetY()const {return m_y;}
private:
	int m_x;
	int m_y;
};


#endif

   然后为了便于画图，创建一个Rect类

#include "Point.h"
#ifndef RECT_H
#define RECT_H
//矩形类，便于画图
class Rect
{
public:
	Rect(int x1 = 0, int y1 = 0, int x2 = 0, int y2 = 0) :
		m_StartPoint(x1, y1), m_EndPoint(x2, y2)
	{}
	Rect(const Point p1, const Point p2) :
		m_StartPoint(p1), m_EndPoint(p2)
	{}
	Rect(const Rect& r1):
		m_StartPoint(r1.GetStartPoint()), m_EndPoint(r1.GetEndPoint())
	{}
	~Rect() {};
	void SetRect(const Point pStart, const Point pEnd);
	void SetRect(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2);
	void SetStartPoint(const Point p){ m_StartPoint = p; }
	void SetEndPoint(const Point p){ m_EndPoint = p; }
	Point GetStartPoint() const{ return m_StartPoint; }
	Point GetEndPoint() const{ return m_EndPoint; }
	Point GetRightPoint() const; 
	Point GetLeftPoint() const; 
	Rect& operator=(const Rect &rect)
	{
		m_StartPoint = rect.GetStartPoint();
		m_EndPoint = rect.GetEndPoint();
		return *this;
	}
	int GetWidth();
	int GetHeight();

private:
	Point m_StartPoint;//矩形左上角的坐标点
	Point m_EndPoint;//矩形右下角的坐标点
};

#endif

#include "Rect.h"

void Rect::SetRect(Point pStart, Point pEnd)
{
	m_StartPoint = pStart;
	m_EndPoint = pEnd;
}

void Rect::SetRect(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2)
{
	m_StartPoint.Set(x1, y1);
	m_EndPoint.Set(x2, y2);
}
Point Rect::GetRightPoint() const
{
	Point p = m_StartPoint;
	p.SetX(m_EndPoint.GetX());
	return p;
}

Point Rect::GetLeftPoint() const
{
	Point p = m_StartPoint;
	p.SetY(m_EndPoint.GetY());
	return p;
}

int Rect::GetWidth()
{
	return m_EndPoint.GetX() - m_StartPoint.GetX();
}

int Rect::GetHeight()
{
	return m_EndPoint.GetY() - m_StartPoint.GetY();
}

  游戏对象之间会发生碰撞，需要写一个用于碰撞检测的类Shape

#include "Rect.h"
#ifndef SHAPE_H
#define SHAPE_H
//该类用于碰撞检测
class Shape
{
public:
	static bool CheckPointInRect(Point& point, Rect& rect);//判断第一个参数点point是否在第二个参数代表的矩形内
	static bool CheckIntersect(Rect& rectA, Rect& rectB);//判断两个矩形是否碰撞
};

#endif

   

#include "Shape.h"

bool Shape::CheckPointInRect(Point& point, Rect& rect)
{
	if (point.GetX() < rect.GetStartPoint().GetX()-1 || point.GetX() >rect.GetEndPoint().GetX()+1 ||
		point.GetY() <rect.GetStartPoint().GetY()-1 || point.GetY() >rect.GetEndPoint().GetY()+1)
		return false;
	else return true;
}

bool Shape::CheckIntersect(Rect& rectA, Rect& rectB)
{
	if (CheckPointInRect(rectA.GetStartPoint(), rectB) ||
		CheckPointInRect(rectA.GetEndPoint(), rectB) ||
		CheckPointInRect(rectA.GetRightPoint(), rectB) ||
		CheckPointInRect(rectA.GetLeftPoint(), rectB))
		return true;
	
	else return false;

}

好的，现在需要一个对游戏数据进行统计处理的类，因为游戏中的数据是伴随整个游戏过程的，区别与游戏中具体的对象，所以把数据成员都设置为静态

#include <list>
#ifndef SETTING_H
#define SETTING_H
using namespace std;
//数值设定类，用于计算分数和关卡等
class Setting
{
public:
	static bool NewLev;

	static int GetGameLevel() { return m_GameLevel; }
	static int GetTankNum() { return m_TankNum; }
	static int GetHp(){return m_Hp;}
	static void SetHp(int hp) { m_Hp = hp; }
	static int GetSumScore(){ return m_SumScore; }
	static int GetKillNum() { return m_KillNum; }
	static void NewGameLevel();
	static void Damaged();
	static int GetGameSpeed() { return m_GameSpeed; }

private:
	static int m_GameSpeed;     //游戏速度
	static int m_Hp;            // 生命值
	static int m_GameLevel;	    // 关卡等级
	static int m_TankNum;		// 当前坦克数
	static int m_SumScore;		// 总分
	static int m_KillScore;	    // 击毁坦克得分
	static int m_KillNum;		// 共击毁坦克数
};

#endif

#include "Setting.h"
int Setting::m_GameSpeed = 60;
bool Setting::NewLev = true;
int Setting::m_Hp = 20;
int Setting::m_GameLevel = 0;
int Setting::m_TankNum = 5;
int Setting::m_SumScore = 0;
int Setting::m_KillScore = 5;
int Setting::m_KillNum = 0;

void Setting::NewGameLevel()
{
	m_GameLevel++;
	m_TankNum = 10 + 5 * (m_GameLevel - 1);
	m_KillScore += 5;
}

void Setting::Damaged()
{
	m_TankNum--;
	m_SumScore += m_KillScore;
	m_KillNum++;
	if (m_TankNum == 0)	NewLev = true;
}

 有了以上的基础后，还需要创建一个画图类，进行游戏基础界面的展示，注意这个类需要包含graphics.h，用到了一些画图接     口，需要查文档

#include <graphics.h>
#include "Rect.h"
#ifndef GRAPHIC_H
#define GRAPHIC_H

enum 
{
	SCREEN_WIDTH = 1024,
	SCREEN_HEIGHT = 568
};
enum 
 {
	 BATTLE_GROUND_X1 = 5,
	 BATTLE_GROUND_Y1 = 5,
	 BATTLE_GROUND_X2 = 800, 
	 BATTLE_GROUND_Y2 = (SCREEN_HEIGHT - BATTLE_GROUND_Y1)
 };
class Graphic
{
public:
	static void DrawBattleGround();
	static void Create();
	static void Destroy();
	static void ShowScore();
	static int GetScreenWidth(){ return SCREEN_WIDTH; }
	static int GetScreenHeight(){ return SCREEN_HEIGHT; }
	static Rect GetBattleGround(){ return m_RectBattleGround; }

private:
	static Rect m_RectBattleGround;
	static Rect m_RectScreen;
	static char m_pArray[100];
};

#endif

#include "Graphic.h"
#include "Setting.h"

enum { SCORE_LEFT = 810, SCORE_TOP = 5 };
Rect Graphic::m_RectScreen;
Rect Graphic::m_RectBattleGround;
char Graphic::m_pArray[100];

void Graphic::ShowScore()
{
	COLORREF fill_color_save = getfillcolor();
	COLORREF color_save = getcolor();

	rectangle(SCORE_LEFT, SCORE_TOP, SCORE_LEFT + 200, SCORE_TOP + 40);
	RECT r = { SCORE_LEFT, SCORE_TOP, SCORE_LEFT + 200, SCORE_TOP + 40 };

	wsprintf((LPSTR)m_pArray, _T("第 %d 关"), Setting::GetGameLevel());
	drawtext((LPSTR)m_pAr