异常处理

主动抛出异常

try:
    a = 1
    if a == 1:
        raise IndexError("除数不能为1")
    else:
        print(10/a)
except IndexError as e:
    print(e)

自定义异常

# 自定义异常
class MyException(Exception):
# 此处传入msg为抛出的异常信息
    def __init__(self,msg):
        super().__init__()
        self.msg = msg
# 
    def __str__(self):
        return self.msg
# 
    def handle(self):
        print("hello")
try:
    raise MyException("hello,这是我自定义的异常")
except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    print(type(e))
    e.handle()

断言

# 断言
# assert: 预测
def fn2(a, b):
    # 预测b!=0，如果预测成功则执行后面的代码，如果预测失败，则抛出异常AssertionError，且异常信息为"b等于0"
    assert b!=0, "b等于0"
    print(a / b)
# 如果b==0 则会抛出异常信息b等于0