【微服务架构 - 08 - Spring Cloud】05 创建服务消费者（Feign)

概述

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Feign 是一个声明式的伪 Http 客户端，它使得写 Http 客户端变得更简单。使用 Feign，只需要创建一个接口并注解。它具有可插拔的注解特性，它使用 Feign 注解和 JAX-RS 注解。Feign 支持可插拔的编码器和解码器。Feign 默认集成了 Ribbon，并和 Eureka 结合，默认实现了负载均衡效果

• Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
• Feign 整合了 Ribbon

创建服务消费者

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创建一个工程名为 hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-feign 的服务消费者项目，
pom.xml 配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>com.yuu</groupId>
        <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../hello-spring-cloud-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>

    <artifactId>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-feign</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-feign</name>
    <inceptionYear>2019-Now</inceptionYear>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->

        <!-- 解决 thymeleaf 模板引擎一定要执行严格的 html5 格式校验问题 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sourceforge.nekohtml</groupId>
            <artifactId>nekohtml</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.funtl.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.WebAdminFeignApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

主要是增加了 Feign 的依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
</dependency>

Application

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package com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.service.admin;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;

/**
 * @Classname ServiceAdminApplication
 * @Date 2019/1/28 22:50
 * @Created by Yuu
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class ServiceAdminApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ServiceAdminApplication.class, args);
    }
}

application.yml

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设置程序端口号为：8765

spring:
  application:
    name: hello-spring-cloud-web-admin-fegin
  thymeleaf:
    cache: false
    mode: HTML
    encoding: UTF-8
    servlet:
      content-type: text/html
server:
  port: 8765

eureka:
  client:
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/

创建 Feign 接口

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通过 @FeignClient("服务名") 注解来指定调用那个服务。代码如下：

package com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

/**
 * @Classname AdminService
 * @Date 2019/1/29 13:09
 * @Created by Yuu
 */
@FeignClient(value = "hello-spring-cloud-service-admin")
public interface AdminService {

    @RequestMapping(value = "hi", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String sayHi(@RequestParam(value = "message") String message);
}

创建测试用的 Controller

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package com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.controller;

import com.yuu.hello.spring.cloud.web.admin.feign.service.AdminService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @Classname AdminController
 * @Date 2019/1/29 13:11
 * @Created by Yuu
 */
@RestController
public class AdminController {

    @Autowired
    private AdminService adminService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "hi", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String sayHi(String message) {
        return adminService.sayHi(message);
    }
}

测试访问

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在浏览器上多次访问 http://localhost:8765/hi?message=HelloFeign

浏览器交替显示：