mysql练习(50题)

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-14 14:20:15 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-14 14:20:15 发布

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分类专栏： mysql

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_37636695/article/details/104296673

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使用mysql的5.7.23版本

mysql数据准备：

建表

/*
-- 建表
-- 学生表
CREATE TABLE `Student`(
    `s_id` VARCHAR(20),
    `s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    `s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    `s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- 课程表
CREATE TABLE `Course`(
    `c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
    `c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    `t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- 教师表
CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(
    `t_id` VARCHAR(20),
    `t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
-- 成绩表
CREATE TABLE `Score`(
    `s_id` VARCHAR(20),
    `c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
    `s_score` INT(3),
    PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
)ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

向表中插入数据

准备产生随机数函数：
-- 产生随机整数(0-100)
delimiter $
	create function ran_num() returns int(5)
		begin
			declare i int default 0;
			set i =floor( rand()*100 ) ;
		return i ;
		end $

-- 插入学生表测试数据
/*
delimiter $ 
create procedure insert_stu(in dno_start int(10) ,in data_times int(10))
		begin
			declare i int default 0;
			set autocommit = 0 ;
			repeat
			
				insert into Student values(CONCAT('0',i) ,CONCAT('学生0',i),CONCAT('199',mod(i,10),'-0',mod(i,10),'-0',mod(i,10)),mod(i,2)) ;
				set i=i+1 ;
				until i=data_times
			end repeat ;
		commit ;		
		end $
delimiter ; 
call insert_stu(0,1000) ;*/
-- 课程表测试数据
/*
delimiter $ 
create procedure insert_course(in dno_start int(10) ,in data_times int(10))
		begin
			declare i int default 0;
			set autocommit = 0 ;
			repeat
insert into Course values(CONCAT('0',i), CONCAT('课程0',i) , CONCAT('0',i));
				set i=i+1 ;
				until i=data_times
			end repeat ;
		commit ;		
		end $
delimiter ; 
call insert_course(0,10) ;*/
 
-- 教师表测试数据
/*
delimiter $ 
create procedure insert_teacher(in dno_start int(10) ,in data_times int(10))
		begin
			declare i int default 0;
			set autocommit = 0 ;
			repeat
insert into Teacher values(CONCAT('0',i) ,CONCAT('老师0',i)) ;
				set i=i+1 ;
				until i=data_times
			end repeat ;
		commit ;		
		end $
delimiter ; 
call insert_teacher(0,10) ;*/
 
-- 成绩表测试数据
/*
delimiter $ 
create procedure insert_score(in dno_start int(10) ,in data_times int(10))
		begin
			declare i int default 0;
			declare j int default 0;
			set autocommit = 0 ;
			repeat
					set j=0;
					repeat
							insert into Score values(CONCAT('0',i) , CONCAT('0',j) , ran_num());
							set j=j+1 ;
							until j=10
					end repeat ;
			set i=i+1 ;
			until i=data_times
			end repeat ;
		commit ;		
		end $
delimiter ; 
call insert_score(0,1000) ;
*/

如果出现错误：Lock wait timeout exceeded; try restarting transaction 点击该链接

表中数据量：
SELECT count(1) from score; -- 10000
SELECT count(1) from student; -- 1000
SELECT count(1) from course; -- 10
SELECT count(1) from teacher;-- 10

1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及01和02课程分数

-- ans1:
SELECT stu.* ,t.score1,t.score2  from Student stu ,(
SELECT s1.s_id,s1.s_score score1,s2.s_score score2 from (SELECT s_id,s_score  from Score where c_id='01') as s1,(SELECT s_id,s_score  from Score where c_id='02') as s2
where s1.s_score>s2.s_score and s1.s_id=s2.s_id) as t
where stu.s_id=t.s_id;

-- ans2:
SELECT s.*,t.score1,t.score2 from 
(SELECT s1.s_id,s1.s_score score1,s2.s_score score2 from (SELECT s_id,s_score  from Score where c_id='01') as s1,(SELECT s_id,s_score  from Score where c_id='02') as s2
where s1.s_score>s2.s_score and s1.s_id=s2.s_id) as t LEFT JOIN student s on t.s_id=s.s_id ;

-- ans3:
select a.* ,b.s_score as 01_score,c.s_score as 02_score from 
    Student a 
    join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id and b.c_id='01'
    left join score c on a.s_id=c.s_id and c.c_id='02' or c.c_id = NULL where b.s_score>c.s_score;

 show profiles;
-- 494条数据

下面是show profiles的结果
在这里插入图片描述
3条查询耗时差距不大

2.查询平均成绩大于等于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩

-- ans1
 SELECT st.s_id,st.s_name,avgs from (SELECT ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) avgs,s_id from Score GROUP BY s_id HAVING avgs>=60 ) as t 
LEFT JOIN Student st on t.s_id=st.s_id;

-- ans2
 select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score from 
    student b 
    join score a on b.s_id = a.s_id
    GROUP BY b.s_id,b.s_name HAVING ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2)>=60;

show profiles;
-- 129条数据

show profiles;
在这里插入图片描述
两个sql的查询耗时有数量级的差距

SHOW STATUS LIKE '%Handler_read_%';

ans1如图
在这里插入图片描述

ans2如图
在这里插入图片描述
可能原因：
ans1通过子查询过滤了数据,使得两个表join的笛卡尔积数量减少（mysql执行顺序from on join group by having select）

3.查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩-- (包括有成绩的和无成绩的)

-- ans1
 SELECT st.s_id,st.s_name,avgs from (SELECT ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) avgs,s_id from Score GROUP BY s_id HAVING avgs<60 ) as t 
LEFT JOIN Student st on t.s_id=st.s_id
UNION
SELECT s_id,s_name,0 from student st where s_id not in(SELECT s_id from score );

-- ans2
 SELECT st.s_id,st.s_name,avgs from (SELECT ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) avgs,s_id from Score GROUP BY s_id HAVING avgs<60 ) as t 
LEFT JOIN Student st on t.s_id=st.s_id
UNION
SELECT s_id,s_name,0 from student st where  not exists(SELECT s_id from score s where s.s_id=st.s_id );

-- ans3
select b.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2) as avg_score from 
    student b 
    left join score a on b.s_id = a.s_id
    GROUP BY b.s_id,b.s_name HAVING ROUND(AVG(a.s_score),2)<60
    union
select a.s_id,a.s_name,0 as avg_score from 
    student a 
    where a.s_id not in (
                select distinct s_id from score);

show profiles;
-- 871

在这里插入图片描述
ans1的in 和ans2的exists有数量级区别的的duration (in>>exists) 不知道为什么？？？
如果mysql更喜欢小表驱动大表(score表的数量>>student) in 是里面驱动外面，exists是主查询驱动子查询，与结果不一致

4.查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

-- ans1
SELECT st.s_id,st.s_name,t.counts,t.avgs from student st ,
(SELECT s_id, count(c_id) as counts, SUM(s_score) as avgs from score GROUP BY s_id) as t 
where st.s_id=t.s_id;
-- ans2
select a.s_id,a.s_name,count(b.c_id) as sum_course,sum(b.s_score) as sum_score from 
    student a 
    left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id
    GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;

show profiles;
-- 1000

show profiles;
在这里插入图片描述
结果：sql执行耗时数量级差别（ans1的子查询group by优于ans2主查询的group by,ans2先笛卡尔积group by的时候数据量比ans1的数据量少（少了几列）？？？）

5.查询"老师0"姓老师的数量

-- ans1
SELECT COUNT(t_id) from teacher where t_name LIKE '老师0%'
-- 1

6.查询学过"老师03"老师授课的同学的信息

-- ans1
SELECT st.* from student st WHERE st.s_id in(
SELECT s_id from score where c_id= (SELECT c_id from course where t_id= (SELECT t_id from teacher where t_name='老师03')));
-- ans2
select a.* from 
    student a 
    join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id where b.c_id in(
        select c_id from course where t_id =(
            select t_id from teacher where t_name = '老师03'));
show profiles;
-- 1000

在这里插入图片描述

7.查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

-- ans1
SELECT st.* from student st ,(SELECT s_id from score where c_id='01' ) as sid1,(SELECT s_id from score where c_id ='02') as sid2 WHERE st.s_id=sid1.s_id and st.s_id =sid2.s_id;

-- ans2
select a.* from 
    student a,score b,score c 
    where a.s_id = b.s_id  and a.s_id = c.s_id and b.c_id='01' and c.c_id='02';


show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述

8.查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息

SELECT st.* from student st where  EXISTS (SELECT c_id from course where c_id not in( SELECT c_id from score c where c.s_id =st.s_id) )

9.查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息（包含01同学）

SELECT st.* from student st where st.s_id in(SELECT s_id from score s2 where s2.c_id in(SELECT s1.c_id from score s1 where s1.s_id ='01'));
-- 1000

10.查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息

-- ans1
SELECT st.* from student st where not EXISTS(SELECT s_id from score s2 where s2.c_id not in(SELECT s1.c_id from score s1 where s1.s_id ='01'))
and st.s_id !='01';


-- ans2
select a.* from student a where a.s_id in(
    select distinct s_id from score where s_id!='01' and c_id in(select c_id from score where s_id='01')
    group by s_id 
    having count(1)=(select count(1) from score where s_id='01'));


show profiles;
-- 999

在这里插入图片描述
ans1与ans2的时间有数量级区别

11.查询没学过"老师03"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

-- ans1
SELECT st.s_name from student st where st.s_id in(SELECT s_id from score where c_id not in(
SELECT c_id from course where t_id = (SELECT t_id from teacher where t_name='老师03')));
-- ans2

select a.s_name from student a where a.s_id not in (
    select s_id from score where c_id in 
                (select c_id from course where t_id =(
                    select t_id from teacher where t_name = '老师03')) 
                group by s_id);

show profiles;

12.查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩

-- ans1
SELECT st.s_id,s_name,ROUND(avgs)  from student st,
(SELECT s_id ,AVG(s_score) as avgs from score where s_id in ( SELECT s_id from score where s_score<60 GROUP BY s_id HAVING COUNT(1)>1) GROUP BY s_id) as t
where st.s_id=t.s_id;

-- ans2
select a.s_id,a.s_name,ROUND(AVG(b.s_score)) from 
    student a 
    left join score b on a.s_id = b.s_id
    where a.s_id in(
            select s_id from score where s_score<60 GROUP BY  s_id having count(1)>=2)
    GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;

show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述
先子group by之后再join（ans1）比先join再group by（ans2）快倍数级

13、检索"01"课程分数小于60，按分数降序排列的学生信息

-- ans2
select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from 
    student a,score b 
    where a.s_id = b.s_id and b.c_id='01' and b.s_score<60 ORDER BY b.s_score DESC;

-- ans1
SELECT st.*,t.sco
FROM student st,(
SELECT s_id as sid,s_score as sco from score where c_id='01' and s_score<60)  as t 
where st.s_id=t.sid ORDER BY t.sco  desc;


show profiles;
-- 592

14.按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

-- ans1
 SELECT s_id ,
(SELECT s_score   from score  s2 where c_id='01' and s1.s_id =s2.s_id) as '语文'   ,
(SELECT s_score   from score  s2 where c_id='02' and s1.s_id =s2.s_id) as '数学'   ,
(SELECT s_score   from score  s2 where c_id='03' and s1.s_id =s2.s_id) as '英语'   ,
 round(avg(s_score),2) as vgs  from score s1 GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY vgs desc;

-- ans2

select a.s_id,(select s_score from score where s_id=a.s_id and c_id='01') as 语文,
                (select s_score from score where s_id=a.s_id and c_id='02') as 数学,
                (select s_score from score where s_id=a.s_id and c_id='03') as 英语,
            round(avg(s_score),2) as 平均分 from score a  GROUP BY a.s_id ORDER BY 平均分 desc;

15.查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：以如下形式显示：课程ID，课程name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率

–及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90


-- ans1
SELECT c_id ,MAX(s_score),min(s_score),ROUND(avg(s_score),2 )平均分,
ROUND(100*sum(case when s_score>=60 then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(c_id),2 )as 及格 ,
ROUND(100*sum(case when s_score>=70 and s_score<80 then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(c_id),2 )as 中等 ,
ROUND(100*sum(case when s_score>=80 and s_score<90 then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(c_id) ,2)as 优良 ,
ROUND(100*sum(case when s_score>=90  then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(c_id),2 )as 优秀 
from score GROUP BY c_id ;


-- ans2

SELECT s.c_id ,c_name,MAX(s_score),min(s_score),ROUND(avg(s_score),2 )平均分,
100*(sum(case when s_score>=60 then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(s.s_score))as 及格 ,
100*(sum(case when s_score>=70 and s_score<80 then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(s.s_score))as 中等 ,
100*(sum(case when s_score>=80 and s_score<90 then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(s.s_score)) as 优良 ,
100*(sum(case when s_score>=90  then 1 else 0 end  )/COUNT(s.s_score))as 优秀 
from score s LEFT JOIN course c on s.c_id =c.c_id GROUP BY s.c_id ;

-- ans2

select a.c_id,b.c_name,MAX(s_score),MIN(s_score),ROUND(AVG(s_score),2),
    100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=60 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score>=0 then 1 else 0 end)) as 及格率,
    100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=70 and a.s_score<80 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score>=0 then 1 else 0 end)) as 中等率,
    100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=80 and a.s_score<90 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score>=0 then 1 else 0 end)) as 优良率,
    100*(SUM(case when a.s_score>=90 then 1 else 0 end)/SUM(case when a.s_score>=0 then 1 else 0 end))as 优秀率
    from score a left join course b on a.c_id = b.c_id GROUP BY a.c_id,b.c_name;


show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述

16按各科成绩进行排序（显示：学号，课程号，分数，课程排名）；

-- ans1

 SELECT tt.s_id,tt.c_id,tt.s_score,tt.rank from (
SELECT s.*, @divd:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then @rownum else @divd end ), @c_id:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then s.c_id else @c_id end ),@rownum:=@rownum+1,@rownum-@divd as rank from 
(SELECT s_id,c_id ,s_score from score ORDER BY c_id,s_score desc ) s,
(SELECT @c_id:='00') c,
 (SELECT @divd:=0) d,
(SELECT @rownum:=0) r
) tt;

17 .查询学生的总成绩并进行排名

-- ans1（顺序排名）
SELECT s_id,总成绩 ,@rownum:=@rownum+1 rank from 
 (SELECT s_id ,sum(s_score) as 总成绩 from score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY  总成绩 desc) t,
(SELECT @rownum:=0) r
 ;
-- ans2(相同分数同一名次)
SELECT s_id,@count:=@count+1 as rank1,@rownum:=(case when @score=total then @rownum  else @count end ) rank ,@score:=total as total from 
 (SELECT s_id ,sum(s_score) as total from score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY  total desc) t,
(SELECT @rownum:=0,@score=0,@count:=0) r 
 ;

18.查询不同课程平均分从高到低显示

-- ans1
SELECT c_id,avg(s_score) avgs from score GROUP BY c_id ORDER BY avgs desc;

19 查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩

SELECT tt.s_id,tt.c_id,tt.s_score,tt.rank from (
SELECT s.*, @divd:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then @rownum else @divd end ), @c_id:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then s.c_id else @c_id end ),@rownum:=@rownum+1,@rownum-@divd as rank from 
(SELECT s_id,c_id ,s_score from score ORDER BY c_id,s_score desc ) s,
(SELECT @c_id:='00') c,
 (SELECT @divd:=0) d,
(SELECT @rownum:=0) r

) tt where tt.rank in(2,3);

20统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占百分比

-- ans1
SELECT c.c_id ,c.c_name,
	subtotal85 as 大于85,round(100*subtotal85/total,2) as 大于85百分比,
	subtotal70 as 大于70,round(100*subtotal70/total,2) as 大于70百分比,
	subtotal60 as 大于60,round(100*subtotal60/total,2) as 大于60百分比,
	subtotal00 as 大于00,round(100*subtotal00/total,2) as 大于00百分比
from  course c,
	(SELECT c_id ,count(c_id) as total ,
		sum(case when s_score>85 then 1 else 0 end ) as subtotal85 ,
		sum(case when s_score>70 and s_score<=85 then 1 else 0 end ) as subtotal70 ,
		sum(case when s_score>60 and s_score<=70 then 1 else 0 end ) as subtotal60 ,
		sum(case when s_score>=0 and s_score<=60 then 1 else 0 end ) as subtotal00 
	from score GROUP BY c_id 
) t1 
where  c.c_id=t1.c_id;

-- ans2

select distinct f.c_name,a.c_id,b.`85-100`,b.百分比,c.`70-85`,c.百分比,d.`60-70`,d.百分比,e.`0-60`,e.百分比 from score a
		left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >85 and s_score <=100 then 1 else 0 end) as `85-100`,
																ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >85 and s_score <=100 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比
										from score GROUP BY c_id)b on a.c_id=b.c_id
		left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >70 and s_score <=85 then 1 else 0 end) as `70-85`,
																ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >70 and s_score <=85 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比
										from score GROUP BY c_id)c on a.c_id=c.c_id
		left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >60 and s_score <=70 then 1 else 0 end) as `60-70`,
																ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >60 and s_score <=70 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比
										from score GROUP BY c_id)d on a.c_id=d.c_id
		left join (select c_id,SUM(case when s_score >=0 and s_score <=60 then 1 else 0 end) as `0-60`,
																ROUND(100*(SUM(case when s_score >=0 and s_score <=60 then 1 else 0 end)/count(*)),2) as 百分比
										from score GROUP BY c_id)e on a.c_id=e.c_id
		left join course f on a.c_id = f.c_id;

show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述

21.查询学生平均成绩及其名次

-- ans1
SELECT s_id,@count:=@count+1 as rank1,@rownum:=(case when @score=total then @rownum  else @count end ) rank ,
@score:=total as avgs from 
 (SELECT s_id ,round(avg(s_score),2) as total from score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY  total desc) t,
(SELECT @rownum:=0,@score=0,@count:=0) r 
 ;

-- ans2
select a.s_id,
					@i:=@i+1 as '不保留空缺排名',
					@k:=(case when @avg_score=a.avg_s then @k else @i end) as '保留空缺排名',
					@avg_score:=avg_s as '平均分'
	from (select s_id,ROUND(AVG(s_score),2) as avg_s from score GROUP BY s_id ORDER BY  avg_s desc )a,(select @avg_score:=0,@i:=0,@k:=0)b;

show profiles;

22查询各科成绩前三名的记录

-- ans1
flush status;
 SELECT tt.s_id,tt.c_id,tt.s_score,tt.rank from (
SELECT s.*, @divd:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then @rownum else @divd end ), @c_id:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then s.c_id else @c_id end ),@rownum:=@rownum+1,@rownum-@divd as rank from 
(SELECT s_id,c_id ,s_score from score ORDER BY c_id,s_score desc ) s,
(SELECT @c_id:='00') c,
 (SELECT @divd:=0) d,
(SELECT @rownum:=0) r
) tt where tt.rank<4;

SHOW STATUS LIKE '%Handler_read_%';
flush status;
-- ans2
 select a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score from score a 
            left join score b on a.c_id = b.c_id and a.s_score<b.s_score
            group by a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score HAVING COUNT(b.s_id)<3
            ORDER BY a.c_id,a.s_score DESC;
SHOW STATUS LIKE '%Handler_read_%';
flush status;

show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述
ans1

ans2

ans2的key循环了4百多万，耗时40多秒

23查询每门课程被选修的学生数

-- ans1
SELECT c_id ,count(s_id) as nums from score GROUP BY c_id ;

24查询出只有10门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

-- ans1
SELECT s.s_id,s.s_name from student s,
(SELECT s_id from score group by s_id HAVING count(c_id)=10 )t
where t.s_id=s.s_id
;

-- ans2
SELECT s.s_id,s.s_name from student s INNER JOIN
(SELECT s_id from score group by s_id HAVING count(c_id)=10 )t
on t.s_id=s.s_id
;


-- ans3
select s_id,s_name from student where s_id in(
                select s_id from score GROUP BY s_id HAVING COUNT(c_id)=10);
show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述
用in比用笛卡尔积快一些

25查询男生、女生人数

SELECT s_sex as 性别,count(s_id) 人数 from student GROUP BY s_sex;

26查询名字中含有"1"字的学生信息

-- ans1
SELECT * from student s where s.s_name LIKE '%1%'

27查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数

-- ans1
SELECT s.s_id,s.s_name,s.s_sex,人数 from student s,
(SELECT s1.s_name,count(s1.s_id) as 人数 from student s1, student s2 where s1.s_name =s2.s_name and s1.s_id!=s2.s_id GROUP BY s1.s_name) t
where s.s_name=t.s_name;

28查询1990年出生的学生名单

-- ans1
SELECT * from student where s_birth LIKE '1990%';

29查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列


SELECT c_id,avg(s_score) avgs from score GROUP BY c_id ORDER BY avgs desc ,c_id;

30 查询平均成绩小于等于85的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩

-- ans1
SELECT s.s_id,s_name,avgs from student s ,
(SELECT s_id,AVG(s_score) avgs from score GROUP BY s_id HAVING avgs<=85) t
where t.s_id=s.s_id;
-- ans2
select a.s_id,b.s_name,ROUND(avg(a.s_score),2) as avg_score from score a
        left join student b on a.s_id=b.s_id GROUP BY s_id HAVING avg_score<=85;

SHOW PROFILES;

在这里插入图片描述
ans2的查询时间大于ans1
先通过有子查询的group by having查询出数据然后再join更快；

31查询课程名称为"课程01"，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数

-- ans1
SELECT s_name,t.s_score from student s,
(SELECT s_id ,s_score from score where c_id=( SELECT c_id from course where c_name='课程01') and s_score<60 ) t
 where s.s_id=t.s_id;
-- ans2
select a.s_name,b.s_score from score b LEFT JOIN student a on a.s_id=b.s_id 
where b.c_id=(select c_id from course where c_name ='课程01') and b.s_score<60;

SHOW PROFILES;

在这里插入图片描述
ans2的执行时间比ans1的执行时间慢了一倍，应该先通过子查询过滤掉数据，然后再join，这样笛卡尔积的次数会大大减少

-- ans1（没有找到更好的办法，如果是真正的做项目，数据应该都查到内存中，然后再来处理）
SELECT s_name,t.* from student s LEFT JOIN (
SELECT s_id,sum(case c_id when '00' then s_score else 0 end )as '课程00',
sum(case c_id when '01' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程01',
sum(case c_id when '02' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程02',
sum(case c_id when '03' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程03',
sum(case c_id when '04' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程04',
sum(case c_id when '05' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程05',
sum(case c_id when '06' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程06',
sum(case c_id when '07' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程07',
sum(case c_id when '08' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程08',
sum(case c_id when '09' then s_score else 0 end) as '课程09',
sum(s_score) as '总分' from score GROUP BY s_id) t on t.s_id=s.s_id;

-- ans2 
select a.s_id,a.s_name,
	SUM(case c.c_name when '课程01' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '课程01',
	SUM(case c.c_name when '课程02' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '课程02',
	SUM(case c.c_name when '课程03' then b.s_score else 0 end) as '课程03',
	SUM(b.s_score) as  '总分'
from student a left join score b on a.s_id = b.s_id 
left join course c on b.c_id = c.c_id 
GROUP BY a.s_id,a.s_name;


SHOW PROFILES;

在这里插入图片描述
先在子查询的少量数据的时候group by 比先笛卡尔积然后group by快一些

32查询任何一门课程成绩在70分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数；

-- ans1
SELECT s_name,c_name,t.s_score from student s,course c ,
(SELECT s_id,c_id ,s_score from score where s_score >=70) t
where s.s_id=t.s_id and c.c_id=t.c_id
;

-- ans2
select a.s_name,b.c_name,c.s_score from course b left join score c on b.c_id = c.c_id
                left join student a on a.s_id=c.s_id where c.s_score>=70;

33查询不及格的课程

-- ans1
SELECT c_name ,t.* from course c,( 
SELECT * from score where s_score<60) t
where c.c_id=t.c_id;


-- ans2
select a.s_id,a.c_id,b.c_name,a.s_score from score a left join course b on a.c_id = b.c_id
			where a.s_score<60 ;

show profiles;

34查询课程编号为01且课程成绩在80分以上的学生的学号和姓名；

-- ans1
SELECT s_id,s_name  from student s where s_id in (
SELECT s_id  from score where c_id='01' and s_score>=80);

-- ans2
select a.s_id,b.s_name from score a LEFT JOIN student b on a.s_id = b.s_id
            where a.c_id = '01' and a.s_score>80;

show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述
in比join快哟

35求每门课程的学生人数

-- ans1
SELECT count(1) from score GROUP BY c_id;

-- ans2
select count(*) from score GROUP BY c_id;


show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述
count(1)和count(*)差不多

36查询选修"张三"老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩

-- ans1
 select a.*,b.s_score,b.c_id,c.c_name from student a
            LEFT JOIN score b on a.s_id = b.s_id
            LEFT JOIN course c on b.c_id=c.c_id
            where b.c_id =(select c_id from course c,teacher d where c.t_id=d.t_id and d.t_name='老师00')
            and b.s_score in (select MAX(s_score) from score where c_id=(select c_id from course c,teacher d where c.t_id=d.t_id and d.t_name='老师00'));


-- ans2
SELECT s.* ,tt.c_id,tt.ms from student s ,(
	SELECT sc.s_id ,t.c_id,t.ms from score sc,(
		SELECT c_id,MAX(s_score) as ms from score where c_id in(
		SELECT c_id from course where t_id in (
		SELECT t_id from teacher where t_name='老师00')) GROUP BY c_id) t
	where sc.c_id=t.c_id and sc.s_score=t.ms) tt
where tt.s_id=s.s_id
;

-- ans3
SELECT s.* ,tt.c_id,tt.ms from student s ,(
	SELECT sc.s_id ,t.c_id,t.ms from score sc,(
		SELECT c_id,MAX(s_score) as ms from score where c_id =(
		SELECT c_id from course where t_id = (
		SELECT t_id from teacher where t_name='老师00')) GROUP BY c_id) t
	where sc.c_id=t.c_id and sc.s_score=t.ms) tt
where tt.s_id=s.s_id
;

show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述
ans2的in和ans3的=是有差距的

37查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩

-- ans1(运行时间太长了，没有想到更好的写法)
 select DISTINCT b.s_id,b.c_id,b.s_score ,a.s_score from score a,score b where a.c_id != b.c_id and a.s_score = b.s_score;

show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述

38查询每门功成绩最好的前两名

-- ans1(17,18,19同一类题)
SELECT tt.s_id,tt.c_id,tt.s_score,tt.rank from (
SELECT s.*, @divd:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then @rownum else @divd end ), @c_id:=(case when @c_id!=s.c_id then s.c_id else @c_id end ),@rownum:=@rownum+1,@rownum-@divd as rank from 
(SELECT s_id,c_id ,s_score from score ORDER BY c_id,s_score desc ) s,
(SELECT @c_id:='00') c,
 (SELECT @divd:=0) d,
(SELECT @rownum:=0) r

) tt where tt.rank <3;
-- ans2不推荐这种写法，得不到正确答案而且耗时大
select a.s_id,a.c_id,a.s_score from score a
        where (select COUNT(1) from score b where b.c_id=a.c_id and b.s_score>=a.s_score)<=2 ORDER BY a.c_id

39统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过5人的课程才统计）。

要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列

-- ans1
SELECT c_id,count(s_id) sums from score GROUP BY c_id HAVING sums>5 ORDER BY sums desc,c_id ASC;

40检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

-- ans1
SELECT s_id, count(c_id) as s FROM score GROUP BY s_id HAVING s>2;

41查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

	-- ans1
SELECT s.* from student s where s_id in(
SELECT DISTINCT s_id from score s1 where not EXISTS 
(SELECT c_id from course where c_id not in
(SELECT c_id from score s2 where s2.s_id=s1.s_id)));
-- ans2（s_id和c_id是唯一索引）
 select * from student where s_id in(        
select s_id from score GROUP BY s_id HAVING count(*)=(select count(*) from course));
show profiles;

在这里插入图片描述
ans2很厉害

42查询各学生的年龄

按照出生日期来算，当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则，年龄减一

select s_birth,(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y')-DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%Y') - 
                (case when DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%m%d')>DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%m%d') then 0 else 1 end)) as age
        from student;

43查询本周过生日的学生

SELECT * from student where weekofyear(NOW())=weekofyear(s_birth);
select * from student where WEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'))=WEEK(s_birth);
    select * from student where YEARWEEK(s_birth)=YEARWEEK(DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%Y%m%d'));

44.查询本月过生日的学生

ELECT * from student where month(NOW())=month(s_birth);
SELECT * from student where DATE_FORMAT(NOW(),'%m')=DATE_FORMAT(s_birth,'%m');

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mysql练习(50题)

数据准备：/*-- 建表-- 学生表CREATE TABLE `Student`( `s_id` VARCHAR(20), `s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFA...
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