javaweb验证码的生成与使用

• 随机数与验证码图片的生成

  package com.zg.sxsh.serviceImpl;
  
  import com.zg.sxsh.service.IVerificationCodeImage;
  
  import java.awt.*;
  import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
  import java.util.Random;
  
  public class VerificationCodeImage implements IVerificationCodeImage {
      //ASCII  0-9 48-57 A-Z 65-90 a-z 97-122
      static int[] asciis=codeASCII();
      /**
       * 把数字与字母的ASCII码存入int[]中
       * @return int[]
       */
      static int[] codeASCII(){
          int[] asciis=new int[62];
          int ascii=48;
          for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
              asciis[i]=ascii;
              ascii++;
          }
          ascii=65;
          for (int i=10;i<36;i++){
              asciis[i]=ascii;
              ascii++;
          }
          ascii=97;
          for (int i=36;i<62;i++){
              asciis[i]=ascii;
              ascii++;
          }
          return asciis;
      }
  
      /**
       * 生成一串字符串
       * @param codeLength 字符串长度
       * @param isNum 字符串是否有数字
       * @param isABC 字符串是否有字母
       * @return
       */
      @Override
      public String randomVerificationCode(int codeLength, boolean isNum, boolean isABC) {
          String verificationCode="";
          int index=0;
          for(int i=0;i<codeLength;i++){
              if (isNum&isABC){
                  index=randomNum(0,62);
              }
              else if(isNum){
                  index=randomNum(0,10);
              }
              else if (isABC){
                  index=randomNum(10,62);
              }
              verificationCode+=String.valueOf((char) asciis[index]);
          }
          return verificationCode;
      }
  
      /**
       * 返回一个[minNum,maxNum)的随机数
       * @param minNum 最小数
       * @param maxNum 最大数
       * @return 返回一个字符串
       */
      private int randomNum(int minNum,int maxNum){
          Random random=new Random();
          return random.nextInt(maxNum)+minNum;
      }
  
      private static final int IMAGE_WIDTH=100;
      private static final int IMAGE_HEIGHT=42;
  
      /**
       * 生成验证码图片缓存
       * @param verificationCode 验证码字符串
       * @return 图像缓存
       */
      @Override
      public BufferedImage createVerificationCodeImage(String verificationCode){
          //定义图像buffer
          BufferedImage bufferedImage=new BufferedImage(IMAGE_WIDTH,IMAGE_HEIGHT,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
          Graphics graphics=bufferedImage.getGraphics();
          Color color=Color.white;
          //设置画笔颜色
          graphics.setColor(color);
          //设置图像形状和大小
          graphics.fillRect(0,0,IMAGE_WIDTH,IMAGE_HEIGHT);
  
          //设置字体
          Font font =new Font("微软雅黑",Font.BOLD,30);
          graphics.setFont(font);
          //设置画笔颜色
          graphics.setColor(Color.black);
          //绘制文字
          graphics.drawString(verificationCode,10,31);
          //Graphics转换成Graphics2D
          Graphics2D graphics2D=(Graphics2D)graphics;
          //设置画笔粗细
          graphics2D.setStroke(new BasicStroke(2));
          //设置八个点
          Point[] points=new Point[8];
          for (int i=0;i<4;i++){
              points[i]=new Point();
              points[i].x=1;
              points[i].y=randomNum(1,IMAGE_HEIGHT);
          }
          for (int i=4;i<8;i++){
              points[i]=new Point();
              points[i].x=IMAGE_WIDTH-1;
              points[i].y=randomNum(1,IMAGE_HEIGHT);
          }
          System.out.println(points);
          //根据生成的八个点，画4条干扰线
          for (int i=0;i<4;i++){
              graphics2D.drawLine(points[i].x,points[i].y,points[i+4].x,points[i+4].y);
          }
          return bufferedImage;
      }
  }
  

   

•  把图片缓存转成Stream

  package com.zg.sxsh.action;
  
  import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
  import com.zg.sxsh.serviceImpl.VerificationCodeImage;
  import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
  
  import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
  import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
  import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
  import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
  
  public class VerificationCodeAction extends ActionSupport {
  
      private ByteArrayInputStream inputStream;
  
      public ByteArrayInputStream getInputStream() {
          return inputStream;
      }
  
      /**
       * 把图片缓存转成Stream
       * @return
       * @throws Exception
       */
      @Override
      public String execute() throws Exception {
          //实例化验证码图片生成类
          VerificationCodeImage codeImage=new VerificationCodeImage();
          //生成验证码
          String code=codeImage.randomVerificationCode(4,true,true);
          //获取request
          HttpServletRequest request= ServletActionContext.getRequest();
          //获取Session
          HttpSession session=request.getSession();
          //把验证码存入session
          session.setAttribute("code",code);
          //获取图片缓存
          BufferedImage image= codeImage.createVerificationCodeImage(code);
          // 创建输出流
          ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream=new ByteArrayOutputStream();
          //把图片缓存写入输出流
          ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",outputStream);
          //把图片输出流赋值给输入流
          inputStream=new ByteArrayInputStream(outputStream.toByteArray());
          //关闭输出/输入流
          outputStream.close();
          inputStream.close();
  
          return SUCCESS;
      }
  }
  

   

• action中引用

          <action name="verification_code" method="execute" class="com.zg.sxsh.action.VerificationCodeAction">
              <result name="success" type="stream">
                  <param name="contentType">image/jpg</param>
                  <param name="inputName">inputStream</param>
              </result>
          </action>

   
• jsp页面中调用

  <img src="/verification_code" onClick="this.src='verification_code?timestamp='+Date.now()" alt="验证码">