深拷贝和浅拷贝

浅拷贝（Shallow Copy）：

浅拷贝是指创建一个新对象，然后将原对象的字段值复制到新对象中。但是，对于对象中的引用类型字段，浅拷贝只是复制了引用，而不是创建原对象中引用对象的副本。

class Person implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private Address address;

    // 构造函数和其他方法省略

    // Getter和Setter省略

    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }
}

class Address {
    private String city;
    private String zipCode;

    // 构造函数和其他方法省略

    // Getter和Setter省略
}

public class ShallowCopyExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        Address address = new Address("City1", "12345");
        Person person1 = new Person("John", address);

        // 浅拷贝
        Person person2 = (Person) person1.clone();

        // 修改原对象的引用类型字段
        person1.getAddress().setCity("City2");

        System.out.println("Person1: " + person1.getName() + ", " + person1.getAddress().getCity());
        System.out.println("Person2: " + person2.getName() + ", " + person2.getAddress().getCity());
    }
}

深拷贝（Deep Copy）：

深拷贝是指创建一个新对象，然后递归地复制原对象的所有字段，包括引用类型字段指向的对象。这样，即使原对象中存在引用类型字段，新对象中也会有该字段的全新副本。

class DeepCopyAddress {
    private String city;
    private String zipCode;

    // 构造函数和其他方法省略

    // Getter和Setter省略

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        DeepCopyAddress copy = (DeepCopyAddress) super.clone();
        // 对于引用类型字段，需要递归地进行深拷贝
        // 这里假设Address类也实现了Cloneable接口
        copy.city = new String(this.city);
        copy.zipCode = new String(this.zipCode);
        return copy;
    }
}

class DeepCopyPerson implements Cloneable {
    private String name;
    private DeepCopyAddress address;

    // 构造函数和其他方法省略

    // Getter和Setter省略

    @Override
    public Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        DeepCopyPerson copy = (DeepCopyPerson) super.clone();
        // 对于引用类型字段，需要递归地进行深拷贝
        // 这里假设DeepCopyAddress类也实现了Cloneable接口
        copy.address = (DeepCopyAddress) this.address.clone();
        return copy;
    }
}

public class DeepCopyExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        DeepCopyAddress address = new DeepCopyAddress("City1", "12345");
        DeepCopyPerson person1 = new DeepCopyPerson("John", address);

        // 深拷贝
        DeepCopyPerson person2 = (DeepCopyPerson) person1.clone();

        // 修改原对象的引用类型字段
        person1.getAddress().setCity("City2");

        System.out.println("Person1: " + person1.getName() + ", " + person1.getAddress().getCity());
        System.out.println("Person2: " + person2.getName() + ", " + person2.getAddress().getCity());
    }
}