Spring AOP之实战篇

前言

Spring AOP原理不清楚的，可先看上一篇博客：Spring AOP之概念篇

一、JavaConfig方式创建切面

1、首先看下项目目录结构

2、pom.xml引入所需包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.scb</groupId>
    <artifactId>springaop</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springaop</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.11</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--aspectj依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjtools</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.10</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--spring相关包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>4.3.1.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

3、创建Performance接口与其实现类Theatre

package com.scb.springaop.aop;

public interface Performance {
    void perform();
}

package com.scb.springaop.aop;

public class Theatre implements Performance{
    @Override
    public void perform(){
        System.out.println("50个人正在表演舞台剧");
    }
}

 将其声明为Bean

package com.scb.springaop.aop;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableAspectJAutoProxy;

@Configuration
@EnableAspectJAutoProxy //启用Aspectj自动代理
public class ConcertConfig {

    @Bean   //声明了一个切面bean
    public Audience audience(){
        return new Audience();
    }

    @Bean    //接口注入
    public Performance theatre(){
        return new Theatre();
    }
}

 4、创建Audience切面类

package com.scb.springaop.aop;

import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;

@Aspect //表明该类别是一个切面
public class Audience {

    @Pointcut("execution(* com.scb.springaop.aop.Performance.perform(..))")  //定义命令的切点
    public void performance(){}

    @Around("performance()")
    public void watchPerformance(ProceedingJoinPoint jp){
        try{
            System.out.println("Silencing cell phones");
            System.out.println("Taking seats");
            jp.proceed();
            System.out.println("CLAP CLAP CLAP!!!");
        }catch (Throwable e){
            System.out.println("Demanding a refund");
        }
    }
   @Before("performance()")    //在表演之前
    public void silenceCellPhones(){
        System.out.println("before:Silencing cell phones");
    }

    @Before("performance()")    //在表演之前
    public void takeSeats(){
        System.out.println("before:Taking seats");
    }

    @AfterReturning("performance()")    //表演之后
    public void applause(){
        System.out.println("AfterReturning:CLAP CLAP CLAP!!!");
    }

    @AfterThrowing("performance()")
    public void demandRefund(){    //表演失败之后
        System.out.println("AfterThrowing:Demanding a refund");
    }

    @After("performance()")
    public void leave(){
        System.out.println("After:leave");
    }
}

 5、创建测试类PerformanceTest

package com.scb.springaop.aop;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;
public class PerformanceTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //加载java配置类获取Spring应用上下文
        ApplicationContext ac=new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ConcertConfig.class);
        Performance pf=ac.getBean(Performance.class);
        pf.perform();
    }
}

输出结果为：

从运行结果可看出通知的执行顺序为：Around --> Before --> 目标方法 --> Around --> After-returning/ After-throwing --> After

二、以XML方式创建切面

     以XML方式创建切面时，只需修改Audience切面类，将其注解去掉，变成一个POJO类，在创建一个applicationContext.xml进行配置即可。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">

    <bean id="audience" class="com.scb.springaop.aop.Audience"></bean>
    <bean id="theatre" class="com.scb.springaop.aop.Theatre"></bean>

    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
    <aop:config>
        <aop:aspect ref="audience">
            <aop:pointcut id="performance" expression="execution(* com.scb.springaop.aop.Performance.perform(..))"/>
            <aop:around method="watchPerformance" pointcut-ref="performance"></aop:around>

            <aop:before method="silenceCellPhones" pointcut-ref="performance"></aop:before>
            <aop:before method="takeSeats" pointcut-ref="performance"></aop:before>
            <aop:after-returning method="applause" pointcut-ref="performance"></aop:after-returning>
            <aop:after-throwing method="demandRefund" pointcut-ref="performance"></aop:after-throwing>
            <aop:after method="leave" pointcut-ref="performance"></aop:after>
        </aop:aspect>
    </aop:config>

</beans>

 创建测试类从XML中获取Bean进行测试

package com.scb.springaop.aop;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class AOPTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //加载XML配置类获取Spring应用上下文
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        Performance performance=(Performance)applicationContext.getBean("theatre");
        performance.perform();
    }
}

 输出结果为：

三、AspectJ使用示例 

package com.scb.springaop.aspectj;

public class Hello {
    public void sayHello() {
        System.out.println("Hello, AspectJ!");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Hello hello = new Hello();
        hello.sayHello();
    }
}

 创建AspectJ切面

package com.scb.springaop.aspectj;

public aspect TxAspect {
    void around():call(void Hello.sayHello()){
        System.out.println("开始事务...");
        proceed();
        System.out.println("事务结束...");
    }
}

 运行Hello类的main方法